N What are the symptoms if my baby is infected with influenza A (H 1N 1)?
The symptoms of infants infected with influenza A virus H 1N 1 are similar to those of ordinary people. After infection, the baby will have high fever, fear of cold, headache, muscle pain in limbs and joints, sometimes abdominal pain or diarrhea, and then dry cough, stuffy nose, runny nose and so on. The fever lasts for 4 ~ 5 days, and the whole course of disease is 7 ~ 10 days.
It is very similar to the common seasonal influenza virus and has different clinical manifestations. Adults who are strong usually die from it, but the elderly and infirm may die from it. Pregnant women and babies are "high-risk groups" who need special protection.
N how to prevent influenza a H 1N 1?
In the face of the invasion of influenza, we should be careful to prevent the invasion of virus, pay attention to health care and healthy diet, and enhance immunity. Specific measures are as follows:
(1) Avoid close face-to-face contact between the baby and strangers, including face-to-face breathing and kissing, especially don't cough or sneeze at the baby. When family members sneeze or cough, be sure to cover them with paper towels.
(2) wear a mask. Viruses often spread through droplets and enter the human body through the mouth and nose, or stay in the hands, handle and mouth. Therefore, masks, soap and disinfection towels are the most effective weapons against influenza virus. But the masks sold in the store have little effect on stopping the virus, so we might as well prepare a special N95 mask for our family and baby.
(3) Wash your hands frequently. Prepare hand sanitizer or soap at home, and it is best to wash your hands with running water for more than 30 seconds at a time. Don't forget to wash your hands before holding the baby at home, cooking and eating.
(4) Try to avoid the baby's contact with animals, including shaking hands, kissing and eating rice; Avoid going to crowded places, such as cinemas, shopping malls and hospitals, and take fewer buses when going out.
(5) Keep indoor ventilation and sanitation. Children's houses, toys, articles and clothes should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected; If someone at home has a cold, their towels, toilet tools and tableware should be used separately from others; Bottles, rice bowls, etc. It should be stored separately.
(6) Strengthen outdoor physical exercise to improve the body's disease resistance; The climate in autumn and winter is changeable, so pay attention to adding and subtracting clothes; Drink more boiled water and eat more light food; Get a flu shot.
Dietary health care and prevention
(1) Garlic paste porridge can protect health and resist diseases.
Garlic porridge is suitable for adults and children (babies over 6 months old). Modern research shows that allicin contained in garlic has a strong bactericidal effect. People can give full play to garlic's best health care and disease resistance by eating two cloves of garlic raw every day.
To make garlic porridge, just cook garlic and rice together. When cooking garlic porridge for children, pay attention to the fact that babies aged 6 ~ 12 months eat 2 cloves a day; 1 ~ 3-year-old babies take 4 capsules a day.
(2) coarse grains, fruits and vegetables, no less.
To prevent diseases, fruits, vegetables and coarse grains are indispensable. It is best to choose vegetables rich in vitamin C, such as broccoli, tomatoes, oil wheat vegetables, green peppers, peppers and so on. Eat more apples, grapes, strawberries, tomatoes, carrots, water chestnut, yam, medlar, dictyophora, etc. In addition, coarse grains should account for half of the daily staple food, so as to avoid immune decline due to lack of vitamin B.
(3) Fungi can enhance resistance.
Fungi are rich in nutritional value and can enhance human immunity. You can cook mushrooms or soup, and some common mushroom foods can also be mixed with meat at will, such as stewed chicken with mushrooms, fried squid with fungus, fried shredded pork with fungus and so on.
Because fungi may contain harmful substances, it is best to scald them with boiling water before eating to remove harmful substances.
(4) Tea can adjust the pH of human body.
Black tea is one of the anti-influenza foods recommended by the United States. Harvard university scholars found that drinking five cups of black tea every day for two weeks will produce a large amount of antiviral interferon in the human body, and its content is 10 times that of people who don't drink tea. This protein can effectively help the human body fight the flu.
Tea can also adjust the pH of human body. Besides black tea, green tea and scented tea are also good choices.
Warm reminder: Although influenza A (H 1N 1) is fierce, the vaccine for preventing influenza A (H 1N 1) has been put into use. It is certain that influenza A (H 1N 1) is preventable, controllable and treatable, and there is no need to panic. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is highly contagious, with complicated transmission routes, strong epidemic intensity and fast transmission speed, which can cause an epidemic in a short time. The susceptible population is mainly preschool infants, especially those under 3 years old. It can occur all year round, especially in summer and autumn, and it is rare in winter. Although hand, foot and mouth disease is threatening, it is not terrible. In fact, just like the common cold, it is a common disease. However, due to people's wrong judgment or lack of timely treatment, there are also many diseases that take the lives of infants and young children. Therefore, it is extremely important to prevent and treat this disease.
N What are the symptoms if the baby has hand, foot and mouth disease?
"Hand-foot-mouth disease" is an enterovirus disease, the incubation period is usually 3 ~ 7 days, and there is no obvious precursor symptom: most patients have sudden onset. It mainly invades hands, feet, mouth and buttocks; Clinically, there are four characteristics: no pain, no itching, no scab and no scar. There may be mild upper respiratory symptoms at the beginning. Because of the pain of oral ulcer, the child salivates and refuses to eat. Oral mucosal rash appeared earlier, initially miliary maculopapules or blisters, with redness around, mainly located in the tongue and cheeks, and often occurred on the labial side. There are flat or convex maculopapules or herpes on the distal parts such as hands and feet, and the rash is not itchy. The maculopapular rash turns from red to dark in about 5 days, and then disappears. Herpes is a round or oval flat protuberance with turbid liquid in it, and its long diameter is consistent with the direction of dermatoglyphics. For example, soybeans vary in size, which are generally painless and leave no trace after healing. Hand, foot and mouth lesions may not all appear in the same patient. Blisters and rashes usually subside after a week.
Preventive control measures
Hand, foot and mouth disease spreads through many ways, and infants are generally susceptible. It is the key to prevent this disease to do well the health work of infants, families and nurseries.
(1) Wash your baby's hands with soap or hand sanitizer before and after meals and after going out. Don't let the baby drink raw water or eat cold food, and avoid contact with the sick baby.
(2) The baby bottles and nipples should be thoroughly cleaned before and after use; Daily cleaning and disinfection of baby toys, personal hygiene appliances, tableware and other items;
(3) Nurses should wash their hands before touching the baby, changing the baby's diaper and handling the feces, and properly handle the dirt;
(3) During the epidemic period, it is not advisable to take the baby to a public place where people gather and the air circulation is poor. Pay attention to keep the family environment clean, keep the room ventilated frequently, and often dry clothes and quilts;
(4) If the baby has related symptoms, he should go to a medical institution in time. Babies treated at home should not touch other babies. Parents should dry or disinfect clothes in time and disinfect feces in time. Mild children do not need to be hospitalized, but should be treated and rested at home to reduce cross-infection.
(6) Kindergartens, primary schools and other collective units should wear gloves when cleaning or disinfecting (especially when cleaning toilets). Wash your hands immediately after cleaning; Wipe and disinfect the surfaces of door handles, stair handrails, desktops and other objects every day; Classrooms and dormitories should be well ventilated; Daily morning examination, when suspicious children are found, measures should be taken to send them to the doctor in time and rest at home; Articles used by children should be disinfected immediately; When the number of children increases, it should be reported to the health and education departments in time. According to the needs of epidemic control, education and health departments can decide to take holiday measures in kindergartens or primary schools.
Treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease
Drug treatment: go to the hospital first, take medicine according to the doctor's advice, and stay in bed; If necessary, you can take Chinese patent medicines, such as Xiaoer Yanbian granules, Qingkailing oral liquid, Banlangen granules and other oral medicines; Apply watermelon frost or Smecta to the affected part of oral cavity, 2-3 times a day; Pay attention to the cleanliness of oral skin, clean oral cavity with physiological saline every day, and pay attention to nursing patients to prevent them from scratching skin herpes and prevent ulceration and infection.
Warm reminder: although hand, foot and mouth disease is similar to chickenpox, it can generally be cured quickly, but it should not be taken lightly. Be cautious, pay attention to prevent isolation and prevent the spread of the epidemic. When mommy can't recognize the disease, she should see a doctor. All suspicious children should be diagnosed, treated and isolated early. To prevent hand, foot and mouth disease, we should keep in mind the five tips of "washing hands, drinking boiled water, eating cooked food, ventilation, drying clothes and quilts".