Universities (colleges) are a kind of schools that implement higher education, including comprehensive universities, specialized universities and colleges. It is an organization with unique functions, an institution of higher learning that inherits, studies, integrates and innovates advanced academic knowledge, and is interrelated with social, economic and political institutions.
It is not only the product of the development of human culture to a certain stage, but also a unique culture gradually formed on the basis of long-term school-running practice through historical accumulation, self-efforts and external environmental influence.
Universities have a history of thousands of years. At first, it mainly developed from Germany, Britain and other countries.
Modern universities in China originated in the West, which evolved from European medieval universities, British universities, German universities and then American universities. No matter what era the university is, it is a creative inheritance rather than a denial of previous universities.
The word "university" comes from the Latin Universitas Magistorum et scholium, which roughly means "the community of teachers and scholars". The modern university system has always been in the University of Eugen in the Middle Ages, which was established and evolved from the cathedral school in Italy in the Middle Ages.
Modern universities directly originated from European medieval universities in 12 and 13 centuries. Ancient Egypt, India and China were the cradles of higher education, and ancient Greece, Rome, Byzantium and Arab countries all established relatively perfect and developed higher education systems.
Although many educational historians also call these local institutions of higher learning universities, strictly speaking, they are not real universities.
1088, Italy established the first regular university-Bologna University, which is the most famous research center of Roman law in Europe (also known as "parent university", student university).
Subsequently, universities appeared all over Europe. The University of Paris evolved from the school affiliated to Notre Dame de Paris. 1200, the king of France recognized that scholars of Paris University have the legal qualifications of priests and enjoy judicial immunity (Paris University is the second university and a gentlemen's university).