The university campus is a place where a group of energetic and positive young people study and live. These young people will spend the most intense period of their physical and mental growth in this space, maybe four years or more. Every building, sculpture, flower bed and tree in this park may make them stop and remember it for a long time to come. For example, when Peking University students talk about their beautiful campus, the first thing that comes to mind is "the picture of a tower and a lake". The Boya Tower on the unnamed lake is reflected in the lake, and everyone who goes to Peking University is eager to see the picture of the lake light tower shadow.
The core of environmental art should be the art of life, beautifying the environment and life to the greatest extent. The university campus environment is an open-air "living room" for teachers and students, which is closely related to it, from recess, outdoor reading to party communication and walking rest.
With the development of the times, college students' physical and mental development is more active. Compared with previous college students, they are more eager for interpersonal communication and need vast natural space, and a large part of these spaces are outside the architectural space. The woods, avenues and ponds on campus are often places where students stop, or talk, or take a walk, or read quietly.
Learning in class is only one aspect of students' education, and the campus environment is an indispensable factor to cultivate college students' self-cultivation, sentiment and morality. Campus environment is the second classroom for students. Therefore, in the construction of modern campus parks, we should attach importance to the construction of environmental culture and art in university campuses in order to achieve the purpose of environmental education.
Second, the methods of campus environment construction
Campus environment construction has many manifestations. The following are some common methods, which can create a perfect space environment when used together.
Sculpture, whether in education, humanities or knowledge, can be regarded as a landmark landscape, and its implication should be positive. For example, the portrait of Chairman Mao in Guizhou University of Technology shows Mao Lao's simple clothes, indifferent and quiet attitude and mind, dignified and kind, profound and simple, and sets off the integrity, generosity and kindness of China leaders in those years. Let many students and Mao Lao have spiritual communication.
Waterscapes, natural lakes and small artificial ponds, regardless of size, can give life to the environment. Compared with giant buildings, it can soften the environment and increase intimacy. Whether it is dynamic or static, water can endow space with aura. The pool water is static, and the water body and the surrounding buildings reflect each other, showing the characteristics of the integration of space and nature. Fountain water is dynamic, or flat, or straight, or dotted. The combination of dynamic and static sets off and outlines the colorful atmosphere of the study and rest space.
Green plants, large areas of grassland, carved shrubs and rows of trees surround one ecological space after another. Green plants have been turned into "living building materials". Green can restore the brains and eyes of people who are tired of mental and visual activities for a long time, and improve the micro-environment and micro-climate of the campus. With the introduction of cool-season plants, a campus environment with evergreen seasons and flowers in three seasons is gradually forming in the university campus, creating a quieter, more pleasant and natural environment for teachers and students who study, teach, research and live here.
Square, proper construction of campus square, can enrich the courtyard feeling in campus. Modern small group teaching mode has a space surrounded by many people, which is very suitable for building a small punishment square for students to hold small punishment activities.
Three, the new and old university campus environment construction
The old university campus carries out environmental culture construction in the campus environment transformation; In the past, many university campuses only focused on the design of various functional buildings such as teaching, scientific research, office, life and sports. For the campus environment, only the campus road is planned, and some simple trees are planted on both sides of the road. The construction of campus microenvironment has never been promoted to the same height as paying attention to architectural design. This has formed the present situation. Many university campuses built before 1990' s are surrounded by simple road network and simple tree greening, interspersed with some commemorative sculptures, and rarely see green spaces and patches of landscape areas. The re-integration and transformation of the old campus environment will make the old proofreaders glow with new vitality.
The environment of the old school park is being gradually transformed to meet the needs of university teaching and life in the new era. This transformation often requires unremitting efforts and careful carving, making full use of various spaces to create a cultural environment. For example, you can demolish outdated buildings and build a campus landscape; Small-scale landscape construction can also be carried out: under the condition of long-term preservation of trees, small-scale green space can be increased, bare yellow land can be reduced, vines or reliefs can be added to some buildings, and green landscape and human landscape can be increased in plane and space.
The planning of new university campus should fully consider the construction of environmental culture; At present, the newly planned university campuses all attach importance to the construction of campus environment and culture as a design condition, highlighting the design of ecological landscape and human landscape. The functional zoning of the new campus planning is more scientific and reasonable, and there are various cultural landscapes among the zoning. Many new university campus plans have absorbed ecological design and humanistic design.
Fully carry out the humanistic landscape design in the campus environment, so that the new campus can have more outdoor natural space in a carefree way, and give teachers and students comfortable, healthy, natural and artistic enjoyment. The construction of Zijingang Campus of Zhejiang University highlights a new concept of university planning: university gardens.
This new concept has aroused the interest of many campus planning experts. The layout of Zijingang campus integrates the concept of garden into the planning and design, and features "garden" to form a modern, landscape, ecological and networked campus environment. Large and small garden groups are formed on campus, so that gardens surround buildings and buildings are built in gardens, which are naturally distributed according to landforms, forming a harmonious atmosphere of people, architecture and nature. Now the campus has been completed and put into use, and more than ten gardens have been built, and the garden pattern has begun to take shape.
Four, some problems of environmental culture construction in university campus
It is necessary to carry out the construction of campus environment, culture and art according to local conditions, and we should not blindly pursue the effect and move works that are not suitable for campus into the campus. In the construction of some campus environments, it is necessary to avoid copying the landscape as much as possible, and move some existing landscapes into the campus in an enlarged, reduced or quietly manner, which will make people feel plagiarism, thus diluting their aesthetic feeling. Cultural landscape focuses on innovation, and only when it is novel, natural and in line with the regional environment can it be dynamic. It is also against the regional characteristics to build the landscape of the southern university campus in the northern campus, and the infection effect can not reach the construction goal.
We should consider the psychological needs of college students and build an acceptable environment for students. Modern college students require general aesthetic categories such as knowledge, harmony and contrast, as well as novelty, richness and diversity. They pursue things that broaden their horizons and deepen their thinking. You can't simply make a statue, even if it is environmental construction. You should make the statue suitable for the atmosphere of the university campus, and the size ratio reflects the aesthetic feeling and adapts to the surrounding environment.
Do what you can, do what you can, and don't blindly invest huge sums of money in the construction of campus environmental culture. The construction of campus environment should be based on the financial and material resources of the school, and the teaching and research funds should not be squeezed out because of the pursuit of beauty. In order to pursue the new, big and special requirements, some students built a big square and a big lake covering tens of acres on campus. Although the scenery is magnificent and gives people an impact, behind the magnificence, it often leads to more investment and higher maintenance costs.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
Campus environment design is a new topic in the current university campus planning and construction, which should be built through continuous exploration. The fundamental purpose of campus environmental culture construction is to create a more pleasant learning and living environment for students, so that they can study here more comfortably and happily, thus achieving the purpose of environmental education. This campus environment is also the most beautiful.