The full text of "Da Xue" is concise, profound and far-reaching. This paper mainly summarizes the pre-Qin Confucian moral cultivation theory, as well as the basic principles and methods of moral cultivation, and also systematically discusses the Confucian political philosophy, which has profound enlightenment for being a man, doing things and governing the country.
The way of university is to be moral, to be close to the people and to stop at perfection.
Zhi Zhi settled, settled and settled, settled and settled, settled and settled, settled and settled, settled and settled, settled and settled, and finally got it.
Things start and end, and things end. If you know the order, you will find a shortcut.
If the ancient desire is obviously superior to the world, govern the country first. If you want to govern the country, you should first put your family in order, and if you want to put your family in order, you should cultivate yourself first. If you want to cultivate yourself, you should be upright first. If you want to be right, be sincere first. If you want to be sincere, let him know first. Knowledge exists in things.
Everyone knows everything, everyone knows it and is sincere, sincere and upright, upright and upright, well-trained and well-groomed, well-groomed and well-governed, well-groomed and well-governed.
From Tian Zi to Shu Ren, one is to cultivate one's morality.
If it goes wrong in the end, it can't be cured. Thick is thin, thin is thick, and there is nothing.
This is called knowing it, and this is called knowing it.
The so-called sincere person is not deceiving himself. If it stinks, if it's lewd, it's called modesty. Therefore, a gentleman must be cautious and independent. Villains are not good at fooling around and can do anything. When you meet a gentleman, he will be disgusted, cover up his bad and focus on his good. It is no good for a person to see himself if he sees his lungs and liver. This is called sincerity in the middle and tangible outside, and a gentleman must be cautious and independent. Zeng Zi said, "What you see with ten eyes and what you point to with ten hands is strict!" Rich, virtuous, broad-minded and obese, so a gentleman must be sincere.
The poem says, "Look at him and you will be happy." . It is really awkward to have a Fijian gentleman, such as cutting, cutting and grinding. If you have a gentleman from Fiji, you can't publish it in the end! "Those who are" original as measures "are also Taoist priests. Those who "sharpen their knives and don't miss the woodcutter" practice self-study. People who are "more sad than dying in their hearts" are also embarrassed. "Noisy" people also have dignity. Those who "have the king of Fiji, but can't announce it" have the best morality and the people can't forget it.
"Poetry" said: "In the play, the former king never forgets!" A gentleman should be virtuous, kiss his relatives, and a villain should enjoy it, so as not to forget the world.
Gao Kang said, "Kemingde." "Everyone" morning: "Grain Rain is a destiny." The emperor's canon says, "Honest and clean." It goes without saying.
Pan Ming of Tang Zhi said, "If you are new, you will be new, and you will be new." Gao Kang said, "Be a new citizen." The poem reads: "Although Zhou is an old country, his life has changed." Therefore, a gentleman does his best.
"Poetry" says: "The country is a thousand miles away, and the people stop." The poem says, "A wild yellow bird stops at the corner of the mountain." Confucius said, "When you stop, you know what you have stopped. Can people be worse than birds? " The poem says, "King Mumuwen, stop at Ji Xi!" A gentleman stops at benevolence; Being a minister ends with respect; Being a son stops at filial piety; Being a father stops at kindness; Making friends with China people ends with letters.
Confucius said, "When I heard the lawsuit, I was still alone. It will not file a lawsuit! " A heartless person must not try his best. Great fear of the people, this is called knowing it. "
The so-called cultivation is in his heart. What does he resent? Fear is wrong, joy is wrong, and worry is wrong. Absent-minded, blind, deaf, eat without knowing its taste. This is called cultivating one's mind.
The so-called people who are loved, despised, respected, pitied and lazy by others in the process of physical training. Therefore, it is difficult to know that good is evil, and knowing evil is beautiful. Therefore, there is a saying: "People don't know the evil of children, and people don't know the size of seedlings." This means that you can't be at home without repairing your body.
The so-called rule of the country must be family-oriented, and there is no truth that the family can not teach others. Therefore, a gentleman does not become a monk and teaches in China. Filial piety, so things are also jun; Brother, so the matter is long; Kindness, so make public also. "Gao Kang" said, "If you protect your son." Sincerely ask for it, although it is not far. So are those who haven't learned to adopt children before getting married. A benevolent government, a benevolent government; A letter, a goodsky letter; One person is greedy, one country is chaotic: this is the opportunity. This is a word, one person decides the country. Yao and Shun lead the world with benevolence, and the people follow it. Jie and Zhou used violence to control violence, and the people followed it. What it does is the opposite of what it wants, but the people don't follow it. Therefore, if a gentleman has himself, he will ask others, and if he does not have himself, he will not be others. Hidden things are unforgivable, but they can be used to describe people, but nothing is left. So the rule of the country lies in its own home. "Poetry" says: "Peach flies away, but its Ye Zhenzhen. The son of Yu Gui is suitable for his family. " Suitable for their families, and then you can teach people. Poetry says, "Brothers should be brothers." You should be brothers and younger brothers, and then you can teach the people. "Poetry" said: "It's just four countries." Father-son law, then civil law. This means that the rule of a country lies in its own home.
The so-called rule the country by leveling the world, filial piety to the people when they are old, prosperity to the people when they grow up, and loneliness to the people, all belong to the gentleman? The way of moments is also.
Evil is above, not below, evil is below, not above; Evil is ahead, not behind; What is the evil of the future, not the evil of the past; Right evil, not left; If you are left evil, don't give it to right evil; It's called. The way of instant.
"Poetry" says: "Only the gentleman is happy, but the parents of the people are also happy." What the people do well and what the people hate are called the parents of the people. "Poetry" says: "Nanyue is hard to see, but rocks are hard to see. Hehe, Teacher Yin, the people have a vision. " If a country can't be careless, it will be the world. "Poetry" says: "Yin has a clear conscience without losing his teacher. It is not easy to be strict with yin. " If you talk too much, you will get the country, and if you lose the people, you will lose the country.
Therefore, a gentleman must first be cautious. There are virtues, people, soil, soil, money and money. Virtue is the foundation and wealth is the goal. Outside, fighting for the people. Therefore, if you gather wealth, the people will disperse, and if you scatter wealth, the people will gather. People who say the wrong thing come out and go in; Goods that go in illegally will also go out illegally.
Gao Kang said: "Only life is not constant." If it is good, you will get it, if it is not good, you will lose it.
The Book of Chu said: "Chu has no treasure, but is good at it." My uncle said, "The dead are not treasures, but the benevolent relatives are treasures."
"Qin Shi" said: "If I have no other skills, my heart will rest. People have skills, if any; People are saints, and their hearts are good, just like their mouths. Tolerance is also beneficial, so as to protect my children and people! People have skills. Go to evil with illness; People can't be sacred, but it can't be violated: we can't even protect our children and grandchildren. This is really intolerable and dangerous! " Only the benevolent let nature take its course and burst into four barbarians, not with China. This means that only the benevolent can love and be wicked. Seeing the sages and not lifting them, lifting them without first, life is also; If you see something bad, you can't back down. If you back down, you can't go far. What good men hate and bad men like is that their husbands will be caught if they provoke others. Therefore, a gentleman has a way, and he gains it with loyalty and loses it with arrogance.
There are avenues to make money, many people are born, few people eat, and those who use them are sick, so wealth continues. Kind people get rich by money, and unkind people get rich by their own bodies. It is also bad for people without kindness to go on, people without kindness are not finished, and people without treasury wealth are not their wealth. Meng Xianzi said, "Cattle and horses don't smell chickens and dolphins, the house of ice cutter doesn't smell cattle and sheep, and the house of hundred riders doesn't smell livestock ministers." It is better to have a thief than a minister. "That is to say, the country does not benefit from benefits, but also benefits from righteousness. To serve the country, those who spend money must be small. He is kind, the messenger of the villain is the country, and disaster arrival. Although there are good people, none of them are good! This means that the country does not benefit from profit, but also benefits from righteousness.
reference data
Book of Rites-University. Guo Xue. Com[ reference time 20 18-4-2]