Author: Xiao Yi
Different types of schools have different computer research contents. As shown in the figure:
The above data comes from the application data of 20 15 research and recruitment network, and some of the contents are relatively general. The specific content can be inquired in official website. So many directions, let me say a few directions that I think have better employment prospects.
1, big data
"Megadata, or huge amount of data, refers to massive, high-growth and diversified information assets, and requires new processing modes to have stronger decision-making, insight and process optimization capabilities."
Big data is very hot now, and the society has a great demand for talents in big data, especially in data analysis. Three major directions of big data employment: big data system R&D talents, big data application development talents and big data analysis talents.
Ten positions: ETL R&D, Hadoop development, visualization (front-end presentation) tool development, information architecture development, data warehouse research, OLAP development, data science research, data prediction (data mining) analysis, enterprise data management and data security research.
This article introduces the Employment Guide for Big Data Industry: Ten Jobs in Three Directions. I suggest you take a closer look and introduce it in detail.
2. Artificial intelligence
"Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science, which tries to understand the nature of intelligence and produce a new intelligent machine that can respond in a way similar to human intelligence.
The research in this field includes robot, language recognition, image recognition, natural language processing and expert system. "
Artificial intelligence is still developing, and the related technologies are still immature, so there is a lot of room for studying artificial intelligence.
(Source: Sina)
However, it is difficult to study artificial intelligence. "You need to have innovative thinking ability. Calculus and series in advanced mathematics must be good, and software programming (basic and most widely used language: C/C++) must be good.
Microelectronics (digital circuits, low-frequency and high-frequency analog circuits, and most importantly, embedded programming ability) is very good, and also has certain mechanical design ability (spatial thinking ability is very important). "
But after research, you will become an expert in the field of artificial intelligence, and the scientific and technological products of artificial intelligence will bring convenience to human life.
3. Information security
"Information security mainly includes the following five aspects: the need to ensure confidentiality, authenticity, integrity, unauthorized copying and the security of parasitic systems. Information security itself contains a wide range, including how to prevent the disclosure of secrets of commercial enterprises, prevent teenagers from browsing bad information, and disclose personal information.
The information security system under the network environment is the key to ensure information security, including computer security operating system, various security protocols, security mechanisms (digital signature, message authentication, data encryption, etc. ), and even security systems, such as UniNAC and DLP. As long as there are security loopholes, global security may be threatened. "
"Information security contains many things and there are many things to learn. For example, network security includes two parts: communication protocol and communication content.
Some protocols may not be rigorous enough and easy to be cracked, so well-designed protocols are needed. Communication content security includes more, such as image, voice, text and so on.
(Source: Baidu)
Encryption is needed to improve security. Encryption and decryption are two contradictory aspects. How to encrypt to achieve the required security effect and how to decrypt to crack other people's information requires a lot of in-depth research to reach a conclusion.
Encryption generally involves more complicated mathematics, while decryption involves more than mathematics. Some decryption is through logical methods, and some are both logical and physical methods.
If you can do this well, the future is boundless. But many people can't reach the peak. Top information security experts, no problem with an annual salary of one million. "
4, embedded
"Embedded system is a kind of special computer system which is completely embedded in the controlled equipment and designed for specific applications". According to the definition of the British Institute of Electrical Engineers, an embedded system is a control, monitoring or auxiliary device used for machines or equipment operated in factories. "
There are many embedded applications. "In fact, all devices with digital interfaces, such as watches, microwave ovens, video recorders, cars, etc. , using embedded systems. "
"Mentioned the prospect of embedded system engineering have something to say, in fact, the prospect is = Qian Jing! At present, the first-class embedded engineers can generally get the salary of 8K in the first-tier cities of Beishangguang (according to the employment data of Huaqing Yuan Jian Embedded College), and engineers familiar with related development can get the salary of 1-2W.
(Source: Baidu)
Needless to say, no senior engineer's salary is lower than 2W. From the perspective of salary, the prospect may better reflect the value of embedded engineering specialty.
"This afternoon's embedded system engineering professional employment direction and prospect analysis (reproduced), embedded prospects are very good, and embedded talents that can meet social needs are in short supply, which is still very needed.
Author: Liu Jiao
There are three major directions for the postgraduate entrance examination of computer major: computer system structure, computer software and theory, and computer application technology. There are more than a dozen small directions below each general direction.
When you apply, the small direction will be different according to the school you apply for. Just like the pictures listed by @ E, they are very detailed. Because of the hot direction such as big data, it has been listed.
I won't mention it here. I'll introduce someone I haven't mentioned.
Direction of machine learning and data mining.
(Source: Network)
This research direction is set up in Nanjing University. The institute opened is Professor Zhou Zhihua's Data Mining Institute, referred to as LAMDA. It belongs to the State Key Laboratory of Computer Software New Technology and the Department of Computer Science and Technology of Nanjing University. Actually, this direction belongs to the direction of artificial intelligence.
Machine learning, as its name implies, is to study how computers simulate or realize human learning behavior, so as to acquire new knowledge and skills, reorganize the existing knowledge structure and continuously improve their own performance.
Just like AlphaGo, which was particularly hot in the previous stage. Is to beat Li Shishi with self-taught learning ability. This is also a major breakthrough in the field of machine learning.
And data mining is to mine useful and valuable data. The combination of two research directions is very beneficial to the field of machine learning. This research direction is also very good.