Recently, the "Opinions on Promoting the Reform of the System and Mechanism of Social Mobility of Labor and Talents" issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions") proposed that social mobility channels should be unblocked to stimulate the vitality of social mobility.
The settlement of second-tier cities has been fully relaxed
The Opinions put forward that the household registration system and public services should be used to promote regional mobility. We will completely abolish the restrictions on the settlement of cities with a permanent urban population of less than 3 million, and fully relax the conditions for the settlement of big cities with a permanent urban population of 3 million to 5 million. We will improve the policy of settlement of points in megacities with a permanent urban population of more than 5 million, streamline the points, and ensure that the years of social insurance payment and residence account for the main proportion.
That is to say, except for megacities with a permanent population of more than 6.5438+million, other cities including megacities with a population of 5 million to 6.5438+million and I-type cities with a permanent population of 3 million to 5 million will be greatly relaxed. Cities with a permanent population of less than 3 million in urban areas will achieve "zero threshold" to settle down.
According to the 20 17 Statistical Yearbook of Urban Construction, combined with public information, it is found that there are only four first-tier cities with a population exceeding100000. Cities with an urban population of 5 million to 6.5438+million include Tianjin, Chongqing, Wuhan, Chengdu, Nanjing, Zhengzhou, Hangzhou, Shenyang and Changsha. In addition, the urban population including Xi, Suzhou, Hefei, Jinan, Qingdao, Dalian, Xiamen and Dongguan also exceeds 3 million.
Including Urumqi, Guiyang, Shijiazhuang, Fuzhou, Nanchang, Hohhot, Haikou, Lanzhou and other capital cities, as well as Wenzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Foshan and other economic cities, the current urban resident population is also below 3 million, and these cities belong to the ranks of completely canceling the restrictions on settlement.
In cities with a permanent population of 3 million to 5 million, the conditions for settlement should be fully relaxed, which means that cities such as Xiamen and Suzhou have certain restrictions on settlement, but this restriction is already very small.
In fact, even megacities with an urban population of 5 million to100000 are greatly relaxing the restrictions on settlement. 65438 official website On February 6th, the Development and Reform Commission of Wuhan issued the Measures for the Administration of Points Entering Houses in Wuhan (version 20 19), in which the biggest change was the cancellation of the annual limit on the number of people who settled in Wuhan, and those who accumulated more than 75 points could settle in Wuhan.
Pengpeng, vice president of Guangdong Economic System Reform Research Association, analyzed that apart from a few megacities such as Beijing and Shanghai, which have strict settlement restrictions, it has become a trend to fully liberalize the settlement restrictions. In this process, strong second-tier cities, such as Nanjing, Hangzhou, Han, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Xi 'an, Xiamen, Changsha and Chongqing, have more attractive household registration. The substantial relaxation of settlement conditions in these cities will help these cities expand their city scale, become bigger and stronger central cities, and enhance their ability to gather and radiate to surrounding areas. These strong second-tier cities will be important engines of regional economic development in the future.
These powerful second-tier cities are rising.
Greatly relaxing and liberalizing the restrictions on the settlement of second-tier cities is also an important content to improve the comprehensive carrying capacity of central cities and urban agglomerations, optimize the allocation of resources, and play a leading role in central cities.
Since last year, the central government has repeatedly stressed that it is necessary to play the leading role of central cities and urban agglomerations.
The Opinions of the Central Committee of the State Council on Establishing a More Effective New Mechanism for Coordinated Regional Development, which was released in October 20 1 18, proposed that in the future, China will establish a new model in which central cities lead the development of urban agglomerations and urban agglomerations drive regional development, so as to promote the integration and interactive development of regional plates.
The fifth meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Committee held on August 26th this year pointed out that the spatial structure of economic development is undergoing profound changes, and central cities and urban agglomerations are becoming the main spatial forms bearing the development factors. It is necessary to speed up the construction of a high-quality development dynamic system and enhance the economic and population carrying capacity of areas with economic development advantages such as central cities and urban agglomerations.
1October 5 165438 "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's decision on several major issues concerning upholding and improving the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity" was published in full. The "Decision" said that it is necessary to optimize the setting of administrative divisions, improve the comprehensive carrying capacity of central cities and urban agglomerations and optimize the allocation of resources, implement flat management, and form an efficient organizational system.
The opinions issued this time put forward that it is necessary to optimize the setting of administrative divisions, build a coordinated development pattern of large, medium and small cities and small towns with central cities and urban agglomerations as the main body, and broaden the floating space between cities.
Improving the comprehensive carrying capacity and optimal allocation of resources of central cities and urban agglomerations is conducive to giving play to the leading role of central cities, and then driving economic transformation and upgrading.
Hu Shuigen, director of the Research Center for Public Service and Performance Evaluation of Zhejiang University, said that making a central city bigger and stronger is conducive to the concentration of resources, improving the ability of the central city in scientific research, innovation and serving the surrounding areas, and better promoting the development of the surrounding areas.
Zhang, president of Shaanxi Urban Economic and Cultural Research Association, analyzed that the development of a city is not a large, medium and small city, but a central city. With the high cost of living in megacities such as Beijing and Shanghai and the lack of attractiveness of small and medium-sized cities, second-tier cities are welcoming the golden period of development.
From the perspective of China's regional development layout, promoting strong second-tier cities to become bigger and stronger is also an important way to promote regional coordinated development. Especially outside the first-tier cities such as Beishangguangshen and Shenzhen, more central cities are needed to promote the rational layout of space, so as to enhance the overall competitiveness of China's economic development.
Pengpeng said that the central city is the center of politics, economy, culture, medical care and transportation, and all kinds of high-end elements are concentrated in the central city. At present, the economy has entered a new stage of transformation and upgrading, and the role of central cities has become more prominent. High-end manufacturing, major emerging industries and large enterprises generally appear in central cities. These large enterprises have a strong driving effect on the upstream and downstream industrial chain, employment and population agglomeration, which is impossible for small and medium-sized cities.
The aforementioned "Opinions" mentioned that it is necessary to further play the role of urbanization in promoting the social mobility of labor and talents, fully implement the fiscal policy to support the citizenization of agricultural transfer population, promote the increase of urban construction land scale and link it with the number of agricultural transfer population, and promote the investment arrangement within the central budget to tilt towards towns with a large number of agricultural transfer population.
Pengpeng told reporters that the system and mechanism will be further matched in the future, and the land indicators in central cities and metropolitan areas are tight, and the future land indicators may be tilted to these places. In the future, the proportion of cultivated land in big cities and central cities will be further reduced, while the land use index in small and medium-sized cities will be reduced, which is also conducive to improving the overall land use efficiency.
Table: Top 35 cities with urban permanent population (unit: 10,000 people)