Now, when people are excited about the great changes brought about by the powerful function of mass communication, it is also necessary to have a rational and sober understanding of its negative function in the deep sense of culture.
First of all, the horizon of communication is gradually broadened, and the individual mind is obviously closed. Media is an intermediary form of communication between people or between people and things. In the communication and exchange of a comprehensive media that combines various modes of communication, people contact the content loaded by the media from various channels, which makes the recipients have more communication space and the geographical and ethnic restrictions disappear. However, a phenomenon that can not be ignored is that a large amount of information is full of social time and space, and information flooding will also cause information pollution. The receiver who indulges in this kind of communication has a broader horizon, but his mind is more closed. In real life, people's ability to receive and disseminate information has weakened. Over time, everyone consciously or unconsciously avoided direct contact. The main reason is excessive dependence on the media. Only through media communication can we gain a sense of freedom and give full play to the inherent communication potential of individuals such as wisdom and humor, so the desire for indirect communication and the fear of direct communication have become an increasingly profound habitual psychology. This will actually lead to a more closed mind. In a sense, although mass communication through the media has become a convenient fashion, it has found an indirect way for interpersonal communication, which has enlarged the spiritual exchange world of many people, but on the other hand, it has limited the space for more people to meet face to face.
Secondly, the sensory stimulation of resorting to factors such as image and color is constantly enhanced, and the spiritual significance is obviously weakened. The psychological anesthetic effect of the media on the audience affects people's thinking ability. In order to improve the audience's interest in reading and watching, the works of mass media also pay great attention to form, the pictures are very bright, and the vividness and appeal of the content are habitually strengthened. Although this practice has reduced the obstacles for the audience to read and watch, and strengthened the popularization, it has also objectively weakened the meaning of the thought. It is a fact that all communication content can be popularized and gamified now. This has greatly weakened the original solemn and lofty spiritual significance of some contents. Not all content can be multimedia, just like bagged tea is delicious, but it will definitely not bring more enjoyment to the drinker than Kung Fu tea. Relaxation and exaggeration cannot replace the style of all content.
Third, knowledge is accumulated more rapidly, and emotional education is obviously lacking. Memory effect tends to strengthen, and thinking guidance is obviously weakened. With the continuous development of technical support, ethical constraints are obviously lagging behind. This negative effect is particularly prominent in the online world.
One of the main functions of the network is education, and among many information products, education accounts for an absolute majority. Using the network for distance teaching or multimedia teaching really makes some boring knowledge interesting. But the problem is that children who grow up only by this kind of teaching have accumulated knowledge quite successfully, but their emotional cultivation is very pale. Learning in the game in front of the machine all day, without emotional communication in the real environment, all kinds of basic emotions such as mutual assistance and caring for the collective, which are essential for children's growth, cannot be obtained from the machine, only scores, right and wrong and games. Just as trying to cultivate children's love with so-called electronic pets can only be an advertisement of a merchant, children who only deal with machines cannot have a sound body and mind. Under the training of machines, people's IQ can be very high, but emotional intelligence will inevitably decline. On the other hand, producers pay too much attention to highlighting technical things, and the network connection between knowledge points makes readers dizzying, but there is almost no room for thinking. In addition to being dazzling and easy to find, it is difficult to find the thinking guidance that should have been brought to readers and the resulting spiritual gains.
The fourth media is a kind of media that emphasizes individuality. It breaks the passive acceptance of the audience in the traditional media, puts both sides in an equal position, and truly realizes the circular communication mode once put forward by Shi Lamu, a master of communication. This personality makes each individual get great satisfaction in use, but the problem is that the personalization of multimedia is constantly encouraged in technology, and certain collective behavior must be taken in management. Individualization is to publicize individuality, and holism is to safeguard social ethics, but the ethical binding force of holism always seems to fail to keep up with the support of technology for individuality. The embarrassing reality has sparked an interesting debate: on the one hand, people accuse all kinds of people who use network high-tech crimes, on the other hand, they think that it is these troublemakers who have promoted the improvement of technology itself. In other words, these criminals are both destructive and creative in the e era. Science itself is objective, but how to use science is subjective, and technology also has ethics. Just as some people in Japan try to overcome the problem of prostitutes in society with the VR technology of "sex robot", the discussion on "cloning" technology mainly focuses on the category of social morality. The rapid development of the Internet has not only brought about the improvement of the quality of life, but also brought about the inversion and confusion of social order and values.
Finally, cultural exchanges in mass communication are expanding day by day, and cultural hegemony is becoming increasingly obvious. The source and leader of mass communication technology and theory are all in the developed countries in the west, such as the United States. Its globalization trend has expanded the scope of resources and enabled developing countries to share all kinds of information with developed countries. But at the same time, technological advantages and economic progress have also formed the cultural hegemony of developed countries. 199810125 October, Washington post published an article entitled "American pop culture permeates all over the world", listing that the sales of American software and entertainment products in the world market have surpassed that of any other industry. According to the data of the 5th American Electronic Entertainment Software Expo in May, 1999, the trade volume of American TV and computer games increased by 24% compared with 1998, and many game characters became new idols that people paid attention to.
The information revolution has corrected the old concept of geography, and the global village is taking shape. Globalization is unstoppable. D.Rothkopf, an associate professor of international affairs at Columbia University in the United States, wrote in theNo. 107 issue of American Foreign Policy: "The core goal of American foreign policy in the information age should be to win the world information flow war and dominate all media (mainly radio broadcasts), just like Britain controlled the ocean in the past." The United States should strive to promote the process of globalization and bridge the differences between different countries and nations. "In this change, the United States is inevitably in a leading position. It is an' indispensable' country to deal with global affairs and a leader in information products and services in the information age. " The author is optimistic: "The United States controls the lifeblood of global information and communication, and its music, movies, television and software have almost spread all over the world. They affect the aesthetics, daily life and thoughts of almost all countries. " In fact, when designing the process of globalization, the fundamental starting point of the United States is not global interests and world harmony, but its national interests to arrange the direction and rhythm of globalization. When we talk about Intel and Bill Gates, a comparative advantage of western culture has been formed and will be deeply imprinted in people's minds, especially in young people's minds. The charm of our national traditional culture will gradually fade away.
Therefore, while studying the positive role of mass communication, we must have enough understanding of its negative role, take precautions as early as possible, minimize the negative role as much as possible, and make the media play a greater positive role in promoting social progress.