1870, the school founder Henry Durant became the first president of the University of California, Berkeley. 1873, the North Pavilion and the South Pavilion were completed, and the school officially moved to the new site in Berkeley. The first class of students * * * consists of 167 boys and 222 girls. Since 189 1, Ms. phoebe apperson hearst, a wealthy woman from California, has continuously donated money to Berkeley, which has enabled the school to develop a large number of new disciplines and acquire new teaching facilities. 1905, the school established a "university farm" near Sacramento in the northeast of Berkeley, and then became independent from Berkeley and became another campus of the University of California-University of California, Davis.
In 1930s, american council on education conducted a survey of 2000 famous scholars. As a result, Berkeley ranks among the top universities in the United States with its "outstanding" and "appropriate" discipline construction-this is the first time that American public universities have challenged the Eastern Ivy League universities in more than 200 years. 1942 american council on education rated Berkeley as the second largest department in the United States, second only to Harvard University. Since 1952, the University of California has been separated from the Berkeley campus. As a university administrative system, the "president" and the "president" are separated. At present, the University of California is only a management institution of the California government for public universities, with the post of chairman, leading all 10 campuses (sub-campuses) of the University of California. Each campus of the University of California has great management autonomy and its own president.
In the 1960s, the University of California, Berkeley, became world-famous for its students protesting against the American government during the Vietnam War. 1964 The "Freedom of Speech Movement" launched in Berkeley changed generations' views on politics and morality, and Berkeley became one of the centers of social change in the United States at that time. Later, in order to commemorate this movement, the "Freedom of Speech Movement Cafe" was established on the campus of Berkeley.
At the same time, with the rise of liberalism and rebellious spirit in Berkeley, hippie culture was born from Berkeley. One of the representative films reflecting the rebellious spirit, The Graduate, was also filmed in Berkeley, and was nominated for the Golden Globe Award and the 40th Academy Awards with 1968. Its movie theme songs "The Sound of Silence" and "Scarborough Fair" are widely sung. It is worth noting that Zhang Ailing, a famous female writer in China who is famous for her maverick and free spirit, was also engaged in academic research in Berkeley during this period (1969-1972).
Academically, the golden age of mathematics, natural science and engineering research at the University of California, Berkeley began in the early and middle 20th century. Since then, Berkeley has become one of the most important academic research centers in the world.
Chen Shengshen, a master of mathematics in China and the founder of differential geometry in the 20th century, has been a professor of mathematics in Berkeley since 1960, making Berkeley one of the research centers of differential geometry in the world. Qiu Chengtong, a famous mathematician in China and winner of Fields Prize (the highest prize in mathematics in the world), also received his doctorate in mathematics from Berkeley on 197 1 (under Chen Shengshen). 198 1 year, the National Science Foundation (NSF) established the world-renowned National Institute of Mathematical Sciences (MSRI) in Berkeley at the request of Chen Shengshen and others. Professor Chen Shengshen served as the first director of the institute, and the main building of the institute was also named "Chen Shengshen Hall".
At the beginning of the 20th century, J. Oppenheimer, a professor of physics in Berkeley and the father of the atomic bomb, established the Oppenheimer Center for Theoretical Physics in Berkeley, which attracted a large number of top theoretical physicists and researchers and established the Berkeley Institute of Physics, making Berkeley one of the centers for theoretical physics research in the world. Subsequently, the research center was renamed "Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics". From 65438 to 0942, Oppenheimer was appointed as the chief scientist of the Manhattan Project, the American atomic bomb research and development program, leading all the scientific departments of the Manhattan Project. Many Berkeley physicists also made outstanding contributions to the Manhattan Project, including the later "father of the hydrogen bomb" and Professor edward tylor of Berkeley.
At the same time, Ernest O. Lawrence, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, established the Radiation Laboratory of the University of California, Berkeley, at 193 1. At first, it was mainly used in the study of particle cyclotron acceleration in physics. 1932 Lawrence also invented the cyclotron here, and 1939 won the Nobel Prize in physics. After the establishment of the Radiology Laboratory, Berkeley welcomed a large number of top experimental physicists and researchers, including the later famous Chinese physicist, the first female president of american physical society, and Wu Jianxiong, who was known as "Madame Curie of China" (she received her Ph.D. in physics in Berkeley in 1940, and later verified the hypothesis of "parity is not conserved under weak action" by Li Zhengdao and Yang Zhenning through experiments, which enabled the latter to obtain/kloc.
With the cyclotron invented by Professor Lawrence, Berkeley researchers found many elements heavier than uranium 92, including all the chemical elements 14 (as well as technetium 43 and promethium 85) from 93 to 106. No.97 and No.98 were named after Berkeley and California, respectively. 103 Lawrence and 106 Haibojin were named after Ernest Lawrence and Nobel respectively. During World War II, the Radiation Laboratory contracted some tasks of the Manhattan Project. Since then, the laboratory has gradually become one of the most important scientific research institutions in the United States. 197 1 year, in honor of Lawrence, the Radiology Laboratory was officially renamed Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which was mainly affiliated to the US Department of Energy and operated by Berkeley.
In today's American scientific community, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is synonymous with "Excellence". By the end of 20 16, 13 laboratory-related scientists/organizations had won the Nobel Prize, 70 scientists were academicians of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), 13 scientists had won the National Science Medal Award, the highest national lifelong achievement award in scientific research, 18 engineers were elected academicians of the National Academy of Engineering, and18 engineers were elected academicians of the National Academy of Engineering. In addition, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has trained thousands of college students majoring in science and engineering, who have promoted technological innovation throughout the United States and even the world. Steven Chu, the former US Secretary of Energy and Nobel Prize winner in physics, was the director of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory from 2004 to 2008, and he was also a professor of physics at Berkeley. 1976, he also received a doctorate in physics from Berkeley.
In engineering, Berkeley has been keeping pace with Stanford University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and is at the forefront of American engineering science. Hans einstein, the eldest son of Albert Einstein, has been a professor of water conservancy engineering in Berkeley since 1947, and he is also an authority in the field of water conservancy engineering. In order to commemorate his outstanding contribution, the American Society of Civil Engineers specially established the hans einstein Prize. Lin Tongyan, a world-famous Chinese structural engineer and the father of prestress, also graduated from Berkeley, and later served as a professor of engineering in Berkeley. In memory of him, Berkeley also established the Lin Tongyan Laboratory. Known as "the father of nonlinear circuit theory" and "the father of cellular neural network", Leon O. Chua, a famous engineer in China, has been a professor of electrical engineering and computer science in Berkeley since 197 1, and her eldest daughter, Chua Meier, is a famous "tiger mother". The post of president came into being when the University of California 1952 was reorganized and expanded. Since then, * * * has 1 1 principals:
Clark kerr (1952–1958)
Glenn Seeburg (1958–1961)
Edward W. Strong (1961–1965)
Martin Mayerson (1965, agent)
Roger Haynes (1965–1971)
Albert H. Bok (1971–1980)
Ira michael heyman (1980–1990)
Tian Changlin (1935–2002) (huangpi district, China, a famous scientist in China).
Robert m Berdahl (1997–2004)
Robert J. Birgeneau (2004–2013)
Nicholas Decker (20 13 to present)