First, the concept of team
A team refers to a collective that can produce positive synergy to achieve common goals through the concerted efforts of its members. Due to the efforts of each member of the team, the performance level of the team is far greater than the sum of the performance of individual members.
Second, the concept of team culture and factors affecting team performance
1. The concept of team culture
Team culture refers to the collection of values, working methods and codes of conduct formed by team members in the process of long-term cooperation and task completion. It can also be said that team culture is a kind of consciousness, the product of continuous running-in, negotiation and accumulation between team leaders and their members in the long-term cooperation process, and a conscious activity, which has been internalized into the inertial behavior of all team members.
2. Factors affecting team performance
2. 1, * * * Cultivation of the same values
If the governance structure and management system are regarded as "hardware" in the team system, then the team culture is "software", which will enhance the cohesion, centripetal force and endurance of the team, stimulate the enthusiasm and creativity of the team members to the maximum extent, thus ensuring great achievements in team work and ultimately promoting the growth and development of the team. Today's society has entered the era of culture winning, and building and enhancing the core competitiveness of the team with team culture has become the best choice for the team. We can easily find that the core of team culture lies in the values of * * * *. Only when a team grows up can it form the values recognized by all members and the code of conduct observed by all members, can it create a perfect team.
* * * Some values are the core and cornerstone of team culture, which make team members have a feeling of running towards the same goal, and also provide sports team members with the guiding ideology of action and the standard of judging right and wrong. It does not exist in isolation, but is reflected in all the activities of the team, often through the team's goals, spirit and morality.
2.2. Good team spirit
In a group, teamwork is more important. For example, the women's volleyball team of Nankai University, which has realized the dream of raising the national flag in the world university games, won the national women's volleyball league championship for 1 1 times in a row and remained in the national first-class team for 14 years in a row, which is a team with strong fighting capacity. During the training and competition, the team members cooperated and encouraged each other, and Qi Xin worked together to form a rope, giving full play to everyone's strengths and overcoming various difficulties, which laid a solid foundation for the team to achieve its ideals and goals. If the players are intrigued, or engage in personal heroism and lack the spirit of unity and cooperation, they will not be able to achieve the goal of struggle.
2.3, team cohesion
A remarkable feature of the team is to eliminate the differences between others and themselves. We can say that the team itself is a team member, a group, closely combined under the same team values, and the team creates culture.
Simply put, team culture brings a new perspective to examine sports teams. The most striking feature of sports team culture is team cohesion. Team cohesion refers to the sum of psychological connections among team members, which is manifested in two aspects: first, the attraction of the team to team members; The second is the team attraction that team members feel. This psychological feeling of team members can be further refined into three aspects. 1. Sense of identity: refers to the psychological feelings of team members who maintain the same understanding and evaluation of major events and principle issues. Second, the sense of belonging: refers to the feelings that team members integrate into the team. As team members, we have! And ours. This kind of psychological feeling. Third, the sense of strength: refers to the psychological feeling that team members are full of confidence in relying on the team, getting support and completing the task. In the case of strong team cohesion, when a person shows behavior that conforms to the team norms and expectations, the team will give him praise and encouragement, support his behavior, and further strengthen his behavior. The competition of collective projects embodies the role of team cohesion to the greatest extent.
2.4, clear target positioning
The goal is to stimulate people's enthusiasm and produce the necessary premise of conscious behavior. Undeniably, lofty ideals are the internal driving force of career success.
Take high-level sports teams in colleges and universities as an example;
Some experts believe that from the national level, the positioning of high-level sports teams in colleges and universities can directly form teams on behalf of the country or send outstanding athletes to participate in temporary training and participate in the National Games, the Asian Games, the World University Games and the Olympic Games. It can be said that most people hold this positioning view. However, due to the short time of running high-level sports teams in colleges and universities, there are still many problems in the operation process, such as training and competition system, funds, students and so on. These problems have an important impact on the realization of the predetermined goal, and there is still a long way to go to achieve this goal. As far as the current actual situation is concerned, Chen, secretary of the Party Committee of Tsinghua University and director of the School Sports Committee, believes that the goal orientation of high-level sports teams in colleges and universities should be divided into three levels: first, the high level of domestic college students; Second, the domestic high level; Third, the world's college students and even the world's high level. Colleges and universities should not only train athletes, but also train college athletes, but the goal should be to train college athletes. Only when each sports team has a clear direction can it generate the motivation to move forward and effectively enhance the purpose of training.
2.5, harmonious and efficient.
In the traditional culture of China, the idea of "harmony" is very rich. Confucius put forward that "harmony is precious" and affirmed the role of "harmony" from the perspective of governing the country; Xunzi put forward that "harmony is a family, and a family is more powerful", thinking that people can reach an agreement and their strength will increase if they live in harmony within an organization; Mencius put forward that "the weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as the harmony between people", arguing that as long as there is internal harmony, Qi Xin and Shanghai will be invincible. Confucius also put forward "harmony without difference", thinking that the essence of "harmony" lies in unifying and coordinating the differences of various factors, and harmony without difference. The extension of harmony is very broad, covering complex social relations. From this perspective, a team can achieve high efficiency only if it has a harmonious team culture.
2.6, binding group specification
Group norm refers to the code of conduct that every member must abide by, which is formed by the interaction of members in order to achieve the same goal in a certain period of time. Group norms can be formal and explicit, such as the rights, obligations, responsibilities, treatment and rewards of coaches and athletes. However, in fact, unwritten rules usually have the greatest influence on the behavior of group members. It is a kind of "soft control", which is not accomplished by powerful authority and orders, but by strong group psychology and group atmosphere. In some cases, it can produce special effects that are difficult to produce by "hard control". Under the influence of the values of winning glory for the school and pursuing the all-round development of people, the aerobics formation of Tongji University has become some established codes of conduct, such as "paying attention to the process and ignoring the results", "honor and disgrace and * * *", "no pains, no gains" and "winning without arrogance and losing with grace". These codes of conduct effectively restrict athletes' training behavior, remind athletes to pay attention to their words and deeds at all times, and shape high-level sports in colleges and universities in the new period.