Several teachers in China Normal University, such as Fu Caiwu (Zhu Ying, Ph.D., postdoctoral fellow, the most outstanding cultural industry scholar in China Normal University, now living in Wuhan University), Yao, and Hu Huilin, the great god of Jiaotong University, are the editors-in-chief of the book Introduction to Cultural Industry, and have also undertaken considerable writing tasks. Mr. Yao, master tutor and doctoral tutor, teaches graduate students the development of cultural resources and an introduction to China traditional culture, and teaches himself the history of food culture. In short, the cultural industry of China Normal University is not easy to test, because 80% of people were brushed off at the beginning of 3 13. If you want to learn the cultural industry, you'd better choose the top schools.
Second, how to use historical and cultural resources to develop tourism culture industry At present, with the acceleration of economic globalization, the trend of cultural exchange and integration is obvious.
Maintaining and developing national cultural characteristics and transforming excellent traditional culture into cultural products that meet the needs of modern economy are of great practical significance for carrying forward national culture, inspiring national spirit and enhancing national cultural cohesion. As a new economic growth point, cultural industry has increasingly become the basic index and key factor of comprehensive competitiveness and sustainable development ability of various places, and has become one of the most important pillar industries for comprehensive, sustainable and coordinated economic development in 2 1 century.
For a place, culture is the soul and its inner attraction. Cultural industry has incomparable advantages for the promotion of city soft power, especially for the direct promotion and value promotion of city image, city environment, city culture, city spirit, city cohesion, city status and even city political civilization, which is an important guarantee for improving the comprehensive strength of the city and ensuring sustainable development. The following factors can not be ignored in the development of cultural tourism industry in Ninger County.
Relying on resources, "creativity is king". Charm comes from strength, and strength shows charm.
Human resources and natural resources are the foundation of cultural industry, so it is very important to give full play to local advantages and build cultural brands. I think we should develop local cultural resources based on the concept of "no one has me" and "no one has me alone", respond to the times, be close to the public, adapt to the market, upgrade cultural resources into cultural products, create a number of cultural brands with good social and economic benefits, and quickly improve local visibility and reputation. But with good resources, no creativity, no packaging, no integration, it is difficult to form an industrial base.
To enhance cultural soft power, we must promote the rapid development of cultural industry with strategic thinking and vision while prospering cultural undertakings in an all-round way. Lijiang and Fenghuang have done a good job in this respect, bringing the effects of human resources and natural resources to a higher level, constantly improving their creativity, and embodying and fitting the characteristics of popularization and mass consumption, making them more attractive.
Strive to create the market agglomeration effect. In addition to good products, the cultural industry also has the agglomeration effect of the market. It must organically combine tourism, culture, technology and market to show its popularity. Only by attracting people can it be effective.
Cultural industry is a comprehensive industry with large market space and great social benefits. The most direct thing is to increase employment and income of related industries. This requires the support and cooperation of all walks of life, in-depth research, excavation, collation and development, taking the use of regional cultural resources as an important content, developing various derivative cultural products and forming an efficient cultural industrial chain.
Considering the comprehensiveness of the cultural industry, we should provide necessary services, supporting facilities and perfect functions, so that tourists can enjoy both spiritually and materially, and let them have an impulse and return home with full loads. * * * leading, market operation.
Persist in treating cultural resources from a market perspective, allocate cultural resources in a market way, and develop cultural resources with market mechanisms. China's tourism products are of low grade and few varieties, and are still in the primary stage of development on the whole.
To solve these problems, we must first give full play to the leading role of * * * *, and * * and relevant departments should actively explore and sort out local cultural resources, lead the development direction of cultural industries, regulate resources, and at the same time vigorously create the internal and external environment for the development of cultural industries and hand over market operations to enterprises. It is necessary not only to cultivate talents of local cultural enterprises, but also to attract powerful and experienced cultural enterprises and management talents from inside and outside the province to invest in cultural industries in our county. Ensure investment by establishing exhibitions, media and a large number of cultural services and scientific planning.
Planning is a guiding document for doing a good job in cultural industries. On the one hand, we can highlight the key points, that is, what projects to do first, and then what projects to do; On the other hand, we can define the political, economic and market objectives of cultural industries. Cultural industry is a high-input industry, especially creative industry. It needs constant discussion, constant creation, product formation and market operation. The whole process is inseparable from investment. It can be said that it is impossible to make the cultural industry bigger and stronger without investment.
Therefore, we should fully consider the advantages of regional culture, closely focus on the development idea of building tourism cultural brands, and formulate the development plan of tourism cultural industry. The development of cultural industry should adapt to the natural, humanistic and social environment, develop new tourism cultural industries in combination with local conditions, create famous brands with characteristics, compete for the market with advantages, and integrate unique regional culture into products, management, service and marketing.
Relying on the rich and colorful cultural resources in our county, we should deeply develop and tap its humanistic value and aesthetic value, and accelerate the construction of ethnic cultural tourism. At the same time, we should pay attention to combining the development of cultural industries with the adjustment of industrial structure, and cultivate cultural industries into new economic growth points.
Combine reality and develop scientifically. To do a good job in cultural industry, we should combine local historical and cultural resources, human resources, natural resources, transportation foundation and economic and social development, grasp the key points and highlight the highlights.
Enjoying cultural achievements is the necessity of human economy and society. With the help of Yunnan's fiery tourism and cultural market, we will vigorously develop the national handicraft market.
However, as a remote area with underdeveloped economy and culture, we should not be too hasty in doing this work well. Step by step, make a project into a project and gradually prosper. At present, some suggestions on how to give full play to the advantages of Ninger culture and build the brand of Ninger tourism culture are a long-term and important task for us at present. I think we should do the following work well: integrate Ninger cultural tourism resources, upgrade the grade and give new ideas.
For example, red tourism moves the display of national unity culture from the house to the park, and strives to create a holy land of national unity; Invest in the planning and construction of Pu 'er tea cultural city, and strive to build a series of cultures of Pu 'er tea, Pu 'er tea house and ancient tea-horse road, and form the Grand View Garden in southern Yunnan; In the construction of Mohei ancient town, we should enlarge and strengthen Yang Likun's former residence, salt culture, Mohong culture and food culture; It is also necessary to strengthen the national handicraft industry represented by silver jewelry processing; Make the rural tourism represented by Nakori bigger and do it.
Three, China traditional cultural industry including which culture is a historical concept.
The historical spread of culture, the upper culture is mainly written classics, and the lower culture mainly relies on oral inheritance. It is feasible to divide the historical stages of cultural changes on the premise of cultural characteristics changes and on the boundary of major events and typical events related to culture.
We say that culture is a historical concept, which should be understood from two aspects: first, all cultural events exist, mutate and develop under a certain historical background, so they have certain characteristics of the times; Secondly, culture has accumulated and established its own tradition in the course of diachronic inheritance. China traditional culture refers to the culture that originated from Chinese culture, was jointly created by people of all ethnic groups in China and accumulated through long-term historical development.
China traditional culture and China ancient culture are mentioned from different angles. China's ancient culture is aimed at modern culture, which is the division of cultural times; Traditional culture is about the inheritance of culture, emphasizing the origin of culture and all the cultural heritage passed down along this origin. It is not limited to ancient times, but the sum total of the humanistic spirit of the Chinese nation that has been screened and eliminated so far and has been enriched and expanded continuously.
Some people equate traditional culture with ancient culture, thus thinking that attaching importance to tradition is retro, even thinking that tradition and modernization cannot coexist, or that modernization must be anti-traditional. This understanding just ignores that the modernization process is still a part of the development of traditional culture. Once we deny the tradition, modernization and national characteristics, that is, the characteristics of China, we will be out of touch and inconsistent with our goals.
Others think that to carry forward the tradition, we must refuse to introduce and learn from it, or think that China tradition and western culture are diametrically opposed. This understanding is also one-sided. Any national tradition will be influenced by other national cultures in different historical periods. Once the introduction and absorption of other cultures become a reality, that is to say, once these absorbed foreign cultures are integrated with their own cultures, they will also become part of traditional culture.
No culture is pure, and absorbing foreign culture is one of the normal ways to enrich and develop noumenon culture. The historical context of China's cultural development and the factors that determine the historical development.
Cultural development should have its own stages, but because of the basic consistency between cultural development and the general history of China, we can follow the historical development to study the context of cultural development. The characteristics of China culture can be roughly divided into three parts: first, the harmony between man and nature, and the harmony between nature and things; Second, family ethics standards; Third, among your monks.
Western countries are: First, man and nature are separated and nature is conquered; Second, individual standard; Third, rational spirit.
Four. Since the reform and opening up, Beijing's position as the national cultural center has been further consolidated and promoted.
In 2002, the added value of Beijing's cultural industry reached 654.38+06.35 billion yuan, accounting for 5. 1% of the city's GDP. From 1997 to 2003, residents' cultural consumption expenditure grew at an average annual rate of 15.2%, and the cultural industry has become one of the most promising industries in Beijing.
I. Overview of the Development of Cultural Industry in Beijing (I) Connotation of Cultural Industry According to the Classification of Cultural and Related Industries published by the National Bureau of Statistics in April 2004, cultural industry refers to activities that provide cultural and entertainment products and services to the public and activities related to these activities. Beijing began to carry out cultural industry statistics from 1999, and the statistical content mainly consists of 15 industry categories of service industry, administrative institutions, commerce and industry.
Compared with the latest national standards, the main differences are as follows: First, the basis for the division of cultural industries is different. 1. Cultural resources According to the statistics of the third cultural relics survey, there are 3,550 cultural relics in Beijing, with 2 million square meters of cultural relics buildings, ranking first in the country.
Among them, there are 5 world cultural heritages and 60 national key cultural relics protection units. There are 12 1 registered museums in Beijing, accounting for about 5.7% of the total number of museums in China. There are more than 2.26 million pieces of cultural relics in the collection, most of which have high cultural taste and historical value, and some of them are world-class and national treasures.
In 2002, there were more than 200 fixed exhibitions and more than 400 temporary exhibitions in the city's museums, which received more than 30 million visitors every year, ranking first in scale and quantity in the country. At present, Beijing has a museum for every 654.38 million people on average, which has reached the level of moderately developed countries in the world.
2. Cultural industry resources (1) cultural facilities resources. Beijing's cultural facilities are generally in the leading position in the country.
Since the Ninth Five-Year Plan, a number of modern cultural facilities such as the New Capital Library and the China Millennium Monument have been built one after another. According to the Olympic Action Plan, the investment in cultural facilities in Beijing will reach more than 65 billion yuan in the next few years, exceeding the total investment in the previous 50 years.
(2) Cultural enterprises and brand resources. Cultural undertakings and cultural industries.
At present, the classification of cultural industries is based on the principle of homogeneity of cultural activities, including both public welfare cultural units and commercial cultural units. Therefore, it cannot be used to distinguish cultural institutions (public welfare cultural units) and cultural industry units (commercial cultural units). Therefore, on the basis of insufficient classification of cultural industries, combined with the reality of Beijing, we divide the existing cultural units in Beijing into three categories according to their nature: the first category is public institutions, such as libraries and museums.
The second category is enterprise management, which can be regarded as state-owned cultural enterprises, such as various theaters, performance groups, newspapers, television stations, book audio-visual publishing houses, etc. The third category is private cultural enterprises, such as cultural and entertainment enterprises and private book publishing companies.
According to this classification method, and considering that the current cultural management is mainly traditional industry management, the statistics of major cultural management institutions, including the Municipal Cultural Bureau, the Municipal Radio, Film and Television Group, the Cultural Relics Bureau, the Municipal Press and Publication Bureau and other cultural units show that there are 92 cultural units directly under * * *, including 9 cultural institutions/kloc-0 and 43 cultural institutions. The first is the cultural enterprise brand.
Beijing Gehua Group, Beijing Daily Newspaper Group, Beijing Publishing House Publishing Group and Beijing Radio, Film and Television Group have begun to take shape and become leading enterprises in Beijing's cultural industry. Private enterprises have developed, such as China Poly Huayi Media in the broadcasting industry.
But overall, the characteristics of state-owned monopoly are more obvious. The second is the brand of the performance season.
It has formed three iconic brands: Beijing International Drama Performance Season and Meeting Beijing Cultural Activities, Beijing International Music Performance Season and Beijing Music Festival, and Beijing International Dance Performance Season. Beijing New Year Concert and Beijing TV Art Week are becoming cultural brand activities in the capital.
Third, cultural regional brands. There are mainly Beijing Antique City, Panjiayuan flea market and Liulichang Cultural District.
Beijing Antique City is the first second-hand market for cultural relics supervision in China and the largest antique art trading center in Asia, with a total construction area of 23,400 square meters. Panjiayuan flea market is the largest flea market in China, attracting a large number of Chinese and foreign tourists.
Liulichang is a famous cultural street in Beijing, mainly engaged in antique calligraphy and painting, ancient book inscriptions and Four Treasures of the Study. (4) Beijing cultural industry development 1. General situation of cultural industry In 2000-2002, the scale of Beijing's cultural industry continued to grow, with the average growth rates of assets and operating income reaching 19.7% and 18.6% respectively. The labor productivity of cultural industries is higher than the city average, with an average growth rate of 14.5%.
However, the proportion of added value of cultural industries in the city's GDP is still low, which has been around 5% in the past three years, which is still far from the goal of becoming a new pillar industrial point of the capital economy. 2. Analysis of cultural industry structure (1) Industrial structure.
First, the cultural service industry is dominant. In 2002, the total assets, operating income and added value of cultural services accounted for 78.8%, 62.5% and 60.8% of the city's cultural industry respectively.
The second is to present four leading industries. Radio, film and television, publishing, printing and advertising in the cultural industry have obvious advantages and good development prospects.
In 2002, the assets, operating income and added value of the above four industries accounted for 75.7%, 68.5% and 66.9% of the city's cultural industries respectively (see Table 3). (2) Ownership structure.
In 2002, the proportion of state-owned economy, private economy, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and foreign-invested economy in cultural industry units in the city reached 33.6%, 20.3% and 5.5% respectively. (3) Layout structure.
The geographical distribution of Beijing's cultural industries is basically consistent with the level of regional economic development. The specific manifestations are as follows: First, historical, cultural and socio-economic conditions determine the types of leading cultural industries in each district.
For example, "Xuannan" culture has created the antique industry and Peking Opera performance industry in Xuanwu District, and the internationalization and developed economic level of Chaoyang District have promoted the development of convention and exhibition industry and elegant art performance industry. Second, the consumption field of cultural industry layout has obvious characteristics.
For example, the booming book sales industry in Haidian District depends on the huge consumer groups in colleges and universities in this area. Third, regional industrial agglomeration has begun to take shape, such as Xuanwu Media Avenue and North Korea.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) How to use historical and cultural resources to develop tourism cultural industry At present, with the acceleration of economic globalization, the trend of cultural exchange and integration is obvious.
Maintaining and developing national cultural characteristics and transforming excellent traditional culture into cultural products that meet the needs of modern economy are of great practical significance for carrying forward national culture, inspiring national spirit and enhancing national cultural cohesion. As a new economic growth point, cultural industry has increasingly become the basic index and key factor of comprehensive competitiveness and sustainable development ability of various places, and has become one of the most important pillar industries for comprehensive, sustainable and coordinated economic development in 2 1 century.
For a place, culture is the soul and its inner attraction. Cultural industry has incomparable advantages for the promotion of city soft power, especially for the direct promotion and value promotion of city image, city environment, city culture, city spirit, city cohesion, city status and even city political civilization, which is an important guarantee for improving the comprehensive strength of the city and ensuring sustainable development. The following factors can not be ignored in the development of cultural tourism industry in Ninger County.
Relying on resources, "creativity is king". Charm comes from strength, and strength shows charm.
Human resources and natural resources are the foundation of cultural industry, so it is very important to give full play to local advantages and build cultural brands. I think we should develop local cultural resources based on the concept of "no one has me" and "no one has me alone", respond to the times, be close to the public, adapt to the market, upgrade cultural resources into cultural products, create a number of cultural brands with good social and economic benefits, and quickly improve local visibility and reputation. But with good resources, no creativity, no packaging, no integration, it is difficult to form an industrial base.
To enhance cultural soft power, we must promote the rapid development of cultural industry with strategic thinking and strategic vision while prospering cultural undertakings in an all-round way. Lijiang and Fenghuang have done a good job in this respect, bringing the effects of human resources and natural resources to a higher level, constantly improving their creativity, and embodying and fitting the characteristics of popularization and mass consumption, making them more attractive.
Strive to create the market agglomeration effect. In addition to good products, the cultural industry also has the agglomeration effect of the market. It must organically combine tourism, culture, technology and market to show its popularity. Only by attracting people can it be effective.
Cultural industry is a comprehensive industry with large market space and great social benefits. The most direct thing is to increase employment and income of related industries. This requires the support and cooperation of all walks of life, in-depth research, excavation, collation and development, taking the use of regional cultural resources as an important content, developing various derivative cultural products and forming an efficient cultural industrial chain.
Considering the comprehensiveness of the cultural industry, we should provide necessary services, supporting facilities and perfect functions, so that tourists can enjoy both spiritually and materially, and let them have an impulse and return home with full loads. * * * leading, market operation.
Persist in treating cultural resources from a market perspective, allocate cultural resources in a market way, and develop cultural resources with market mechanisms. China's tourism products are of low grade and few varieties, and are still in the primary stage of development on the whole.
To solve these problems, we must first give full play to the leading role of * * * *, and * * and relevant departments should actively explore and sort out local cultural resources, lead the development direction of cultural industries, regulate resources, and at the same time vigorously create the internal and external environment for the development of cultural industries and hand over market operations to enterprises. It is necessary not only to cultivate talents of local cultural enterprises, but also to attract powerful and experienced cultural enterprises and management talents from inside and outside the province to invest in cultural industries in our county. Ensure investment by establishing exhibitions, media and a large number of cultural services and scientific planning.
Planning is a guiding document for doing a good job in cultural industries. On the one hand, we can highlight the key points, that is, what projects to do first, and then what projects to do; On the other hand, we can define the political, economic and market objectives of cultural industries. Cultural industry is a high-input industry, especially creative industry. It needs constant discussion, constant creation, product formation and market operation. The whole process is inseparable from investment. It can be said that it is impossible to make the cultural industry bigger and stronger without investment.
Therefore, we should fully consider the advantages of regional culture, closely focus on the development idea of building tourism cultural brands, and formulate the development plan of tourism cultural industry. The development of cultural industry should adapt to the natural, humanistic and social environment, develop new tourism cultural industries in combination with local conditions, create famous brands with characteristics, compete for the market with advantages, and integrate unique regional culture into products, management, service and marketing.
Relying on the rich and colorful cultural resources in our county, we should deeply develop and tap its humanistic value and aesthetic value, and accelerate the construction of ethnic cultural tourism. At the same time, we should pay attention to combining the development of cultural industries with the adjustment of industrial structure, and cultivate cultural industries into new economic growth points.
Combine reality and develop scientifically. To do a good job in cultural industry, we should combine local historical and cultural resources, human resources, natural resources, transportation foundation and economic and social development, grasp the key points and highlight the highlights.
Enjoying cultural achievements is the necessity of human economy and society. With the help of Yunnan's fiery tourism and cultural market, we will vigorously develop the national handicraft market.
However, as a remote area with underdeveloped economy and culture, we should not be too hasty in doing this work well. Step by step, make a project into a project and gradually prosper. At present, some suggestions on how to give full play to the advantages of Ninger culture and build the brand of Ninger tourism culture are a long-term and important task for us at present. I think we should do the following work well: integrate Ninger cultural tourism resources, upgrade the grade and give new ideas.
For example, red tourism moves the display of national unity culture from the house to the park, and strives to create a holy land of national unity; Invest in the planning and construction of Pu 'er tea cultural city, and strive to build a series of cultures of Pu 'er tea, Pu 'er tea house and ancient tea-horse road, and form the Grand View Garden in southern Yunnan; In the construction of Mohei ancient town, we should enlarge and strengthen Yang Likun's former residence, salt culture, Mohong culture and food culture; It is also necessary to strengthen the national handicraft industry represented by silver jewelry processing; Make rural tourism represented by Nakori bigger and better.