In May, 2020, the Implementation Plan on Accelerating the Transfer of Independent Colleges was released, which required that the transfer of independent colleges should be the top priority in the establishment of colleges and universities. By the end of 2020, all independent colleges should formulate the handover work plan and promote a number of independent colleges to complete the handover. At the same time, it is clear that there are three transfer schemes: private transfer, public revolution and termination of running schools.

There are 3 1 independent colleges in Hubei province, of which 15 independent colleges have been transformed into independent private or public universities. Two independent colleges have just expired, and 14 independent colleges have worked out the transfer path and are stepping up the transfer work.

At present, it is rare for Hubei Independent College to stop running schools. Some independent colleges completed the transformation and renaming as early as 20 1 1 and started running schools independently.

There are traces of the old name on the new name of Wuchang Institute of Technology.

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What is an independent college? According to the official explanation, an independent college refers to an institution of higher learning that cooperates with social organizations or individuals other than state institutions and uses non-state financial funds to implement undergraduate education.

Private universities rose in the mid-1990s. At that time, many well-known universities and colleges established independent colleges, and most of these independent colleges belonged to "three colleges".

The rise of independent colleges in Hubei began around 2000, with 3 1 colleges, 22 of which are located in Wuhan. Dagang inquired about the list of independent colleges published in 2009. At that time, there were 3 18 independent colleges in China, 3/kloc-0 independent colleges in Hubei ranked first in all provinces and cities in China, and 22 independent colleges in Wuhan ranked first in all cities in China. Except Hubei, there were only 20 independent colleges in Jiangsu (26), Zhejiang (22) and Liaoning (20).

At the peak of the development of independent colleges, there are 326 independent colleges in China, with an annual enrollment of more than one million. So far, 20 million people have the opportunity to receive higher education. Wuhan can become the city with the largest number of college students in China, which is undoubtedly related to having 22 independent colleges. It can be said that independent colleges are also the characteristics of higher education in Wuhan.

Looking up the history of 365,438+0 independent colleges, we can find that most of these colleges were established in 2000 and later, and the latest independent college is Luojia College of Wuhan University, which was established in April 2006. Of course, there are two exceptions. The history of Business School of Hubei University of Technology shows that its predecessor can be traced back to Wuhan Foreign Affairs School, which was founded in 1995, but its independent college model obviously lags behind. In 2003, the Business School of Hubei University of Technology was formally established. Similarly, the Central South Branch of Wuhan University of Science and Technology (Wuchang Institute of Technology) claimed that the school started from Hubei Institute of Industry and Trade and was established in 1997, but its independent college model was only started in February 2004.

Therefore, the running mode of Hubei Independent College began in 2000, and it has just gone through 20 years.

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The rapid development of independent colleges has cultivated a large number of talents for the development of the country, but at the same time it has brought various problems, which is why the country has issued many documents to support independent colleges to "switch to running schools".

The most concerned issue is fairness. At the beginning, many graduates of independent colleges were able to get degree certificates from their alma mater in order to attract students, which triggered a dispute about fairness and triggered a storm of public opinion. The most concerned event is that on 20 1 1, official website, the then branch of Huake University, announced that on 20 1 1 graduates 188 1 obtained the bachelor's degree certificate of Huake University. This news aroused strong dissatisfaction and protest from China students. It is obviously unfair to get the same degree certificate because the scores of the college entrance examination between the two universities are different by more than 100.

Because it is really unfair, in 20 12, the practice of awarding degrees to parent schools by independent colleges was completely terminated.

Independent colleges can not only get preferential policies to avoid various risks, but also get brand support from the parent school in the competition, so enrollment is relatively easy, so it develops rapidly. Some independent colleges can also get high-quality teachers from the parent school, which is obviously unfair to ordinary private colleges. In addition, due to the inextricable connection between independent colleges and their alma mater, the ownership of property rights is unknown. These factors are obviously not conducive to the healthy and orderly development of higher education.

On September 26th, 2006, "the transformation of independent colleges" was first put forward. In 2008, relevant documents were issued again to further support the transformation of independent colleges and give them a five-year "training period". From 20 1 1, Hubei Independent College was transformed.

The basic situation of the former 3 1 independent college in Hubei is for reference only.

At that time, Wuhan University Donghu Branch was transformed into Wuhan Donghu College, Huazhong Normal University Hankou Branch was transformed into Hankou College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Zhongnan Branch was transformed into Wuchang Institute of Technology, and South-Central University for Nationalities Business School was transformed into Wuhan Changjiang Business School. On April 20 14, it was renamed Wuhan Industrial and Commercial College. These four universities are the first batch of successful transfer universities in China (* * * * you 12), which is a good start.

20 12 Wuhan university of technology business school was transformed into Wuchang institute of technology, 20 14 Wenhua school of Huazhong university of science and technology was transformed into Wenhua school, and Jiangcheng college of China Geo University was transformed into Wuhan institute of engineering and technology.

In 20 15, four independent colleges were transferred, namely Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuchang Branch (Wuchang Shouyi College), Zhongnan University of Economics and Law Wuhan College (Wuhan College), Huazhong Agricultural University Chutian College (Wuhan School of Design and Engineering) and Hubei University of Technology Business College (Hubei Business College).

In 20 16, three independent colleges ushered in the transfer. Huaxia College of Wuhan University of Technology was transformed into Wuhan Huaxia Institute of Technology, Wuhan Media College of Huazhong Normal University was transformed into Wuhan Media College, and Luojia College of Wuhan University was transformed into Wuhan Qingchuan College.

After that, the pace of transfer of independent colleges slowed down. Until 2020, only 1 independent college was successfully transferred, and the College of Arts and Sciences of Jianghan University was transferred to Wuhan College of Arts and Sciences.

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Combining these data, we found several characteristics. First, intensive transfer leads to the same school names, and some of them are "stupid and confused". Traditionally, colleges and universities generally adopt the model of "place name+professional characteristics", but there are too many words with professional characteristics, which are gone at once. The names of Wuchang Institute of Technology and Wuchang Institute of Technology are often confused. Wuhan Institute of Technology and Business and Wuhan Business School are not the same school.

Second, the place names in some university names do not have the recognition function. Some of them are problems left over from the founding of the school. For example, Hankou College is located in Jiangxia, so it is called Hankou College because it was founded in Hankou (Hankou Branch of Central China Normal University) and finally in Jiangxia, but it still uses the original school name and is called Hankou College after transfer. Some are caused by renaming, for example, Wuhan Qingchuan College is not in Hanyang.

Third, the name of the independent college is very different from the original name, which makes people feel very strange. For example, Wuhan Institute of Engineering and Technology and Wuhan Institute of Design and Engineering are basically unable to contact their original names.

Of course, these are minor problems. The bigger problem is that independent colleges turn a little slowly. Even though the relevant departments have repeatedly urged that it has been 13 years since the "five-year training period" was given in 2008, there are still a large number of independent colleges that have not completed the transfer.

According to the data, as of June 2065438 15, there were still 257 independent colleges in China. In the past two years, the number of independent colleges has decreased with the transfer of schools, but the stock is too large to be digested quickly. It is not difficult to see that after 20 16, the transfer of independent colleges has obviously entered a trough. Those who have the ability to transfer have successfully transferred, and those who are unable or unwilling to transfer are obviously still waiting to see. Up to now, there are still 188 independent colleges in China that have not been publicized.

The situation in Hubei is similar. The latest list of transfers of independent colleges in March, 2023 shows that there are two independent colleges in Hubei, one is City College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology (Wuhan City College) and the other is Science and Technology College of Hubei University for Nationalities (Hubei Enshi College). That is to say, up to now, only 1 independent colleges in Hubei have been transferred except Wuhan. There are still 6 universities in Wuhan that have not yet completed the handover, and 8 universities in other cities in Hubei have not yet completed the handover.

13, Hubei Independent College is only "becoming a monk halfway", but it may still be a good result nationwide.

Wuhan College.

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Why is it so difficult to "wean"? Some experts pointed out that this is because the interests of independent colleges involve parent schools and investors, especially a large number of independent colleges are often invested by real estate developers. Due to the mismatch of relevant national laws and regulations, the five-year application acceptance period was forced to be postponed, so it was difficult to be immune. In addition, there is internal resistance from independent colleges, and many teachers are unwilling to face the "uncertainty" brought by transfer.

Faced with the complicated "independence dilemma" of independent colleges, the relevant departments did not want to wait any longer and issued an "ultimatum" directly. In May, 2020, a document was issued again urging independent colleges to transfer, demanding that by the end of 2020, independent colleges should draw up a transfer work plan.

Either transfer or close the door, there is no other way.

On the other hand, although the transfer board is a mandatory requirement at the national level, it is not completely without benefits. Today, it is time for independent colleges to wean themselves, because they are indeed the products of a special historical period and cannot exist forever.

After the independent college is transformed into a private college, it can gain more autonomy without paying tens of millions of "listing fees" every year. More funds can be used for education and teaching, so that the strength of the college can be steadily improved and face the competition of "grabbing students".

Judging from the successful transfer institutions, Wuhan University, Wuchang Institute of Technology and other institutions still have good strength. After the transformation, the development of these institutions has not been affected at all, and their teaching strength and influence are getting stronger and stronger.

The transformation of independent colleges is to clarify property rights and ensure fairness, and also to solve the embarrassing situation that independent colleges wander between public schools and private universities and run schools for public welfare and profit. From this perspective, it is an inevitable way for independent colleges to transfer, and there is no other choice.

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