First, pangolin is the intermediate host.
On February 7th, researchers such as Professor Shen Yongyi and Professor Xiao Lihua from Guangdong Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Laboratory of South China Agricultural University jointly announced the latest research results: Pangolin is a potential intermediate host of novel coronavirus.
According to reports, the research team locked pangolin as a potential intermediate host of novel coronavirus by analyzing more than 1000 metagenome samples; Then through molecular biological detection, it was found that the positive rate of β coronavirus in pangolin was 70%. The virus was further isolated and identified, and the typical particle structure of coronavirus was observed under electron microscope. Finally, through the genome analysis of the virus, it is found that the sequence similarity between the isolated virus strain and the virus strain currently infecting people is as high as 99%.
Second, how long can the virus survive in the air?
Experts say: viruses don't float in the air.
First, the virus spreads through droplets or contact. The diffusion distance of droplets is limited, about 2 meters, and will soon settle down after coming out of the human body. But the virus will pollute the surrounding objects, such as door handles. Generally, viruses will live on the surface of objects for several hours, while new viruses can live for five days at the right temperature. So pay attention to hygiene in front of the screen, and wash your hands frequently or wear gloves are all effective ways to protect yourself.
Third, controlling intermediate hosts is helpful for epidemic prevention and control.
Wuhan was in winter when the epidemic broke out. At this time, the chrysanthemum-headed bat is hibernating in the cave, so it is unlikely that the bat will directly infect people. There needs to be a host in the middle, that is, the intermediate host connecting bats and people, which plays the role of a bridge in the middle. Therefore, the research team used some common wild animals in China market to detect and found that the virus carried by pangolin was closely related to people.
The intermediate host is equivalent to the source of infection. If it is not controlled, the virus will continue to spread from this source even if all kinds of protection work are done, which makes it easy to repeat the epidemic when it is controlled. Now we can only say that pangolin is a potential intermediate host, but generally speaking, there may be multiple intermediate hosts.
Fourth, how to disinfect the pneumonia epidemic at home?
(a) ordinary family home disinfection:
Window ventilation is the first choice for indoor air disinfection. Opening doors and windows regularly for natural ventilation is the simplest and most effective indoor air purification method. In the case of good ventilation, ventilation for 30 minutes. Where the air circulation is not good, mechanical ventilation such as exhaust fan shall be used. When you open the window for ventilation in winter, you should avoid catching a cold due to the large temperature difference between indoor and outdoor. Wear a mask when going out and avoid going to crowded places. When going out and returning home, you should wash your hands with running water and soap in time, and disinfect them with hand disinfectants such as ethanol when necessary.
(2) home disinfection during home isolation:
1, keep the house ventilated, try to open the window every day for ventilation (3 ~ 4 times a day, 30 minutes each time), and mechanical ventilation such as exhaust fan can be used for unnatural ventilation. Place close contacts in a well-ventilated single room and refuse all visits; Restrict the activities of close contacts and minimize the areas where close contacts and family members can enjoy activities; Try to avoid close contact with your family (at least 1 m apart), preferably in the downwind.
2. The whole family wears disposable medical masks every day, and replace them immediately after 4 hours or when the masks are wet.
3. Cover your mouth and nose with paper towels or elbow pads when coughing, spitting or sneezing. Wash your hands with running water and hand sanitizer or soap immediately after contact with respiratory secretions, and disinfect them with hand disinfectants such as ethanol if necessary.
4. Set up a special trash can, cover it with plastic bags and affix it. Used paper towels, masks, etc. It is put in a special trash can and cleaned every day. Before cleaning, spray 500 ~ 1000 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant until it is completely wet, and then tie the plastic bag tightly.
5, daily necessities should be used by designated personnel, and should be washed and disinfected separately.
6. After seeing a doctor, the family members with symptoms should spray 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant on the floor and walls of their isolation room. Contact items such as furniture countertops, door handles, tableware (drinking utensils), etc. Wipe and disinfect with 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant, and keep it for 30 minutes and then wipe it with a clean wet rag.