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The Life of Characters in Zheng Keshuang's Works
In the 9th year of Kangxi (1670), Zheng Keshuang was born in Chengtianfu, Dongning. His biological mother was Huang, the harem wife of Yanping Wang Zheng Jing, and Zheng Keshuang's first mother was Tang Xuanzong, the third wife of Zheng Jing who died in the fifth year of Kangxi (1666). Zheng Keshuang is the second son of Zheng Jing, and Zheng Kecang is his half-brother.

In the 13th year of Kangxi (1674), Wu Sangui, Shang Kexi and Geng had already set out against the Qing Dynasty, and Geng sent people to Taiwan to invite Zheng Jun to help Fujian. During Zheng Jing's expedition to Fujian in the Qing Dynasty, Zheng Kecang, the eldest son of Zheng Kecang, was appointed as Wang Shizi of Yanping, and was given the post of supervisor of the country, in charge of the political affairs of the Zheng Dynasty. Chen Xu, her daughter, was betrothed to Prince Zheng Kecang, and Feng Xu, her daughter, was betrothed to Zheng Keshuang.

In the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), when Zheng Jing was exploring the mainland, he was defeated by Jue Luo Aixin, commander-in-chief of the Qing army. When Zheng Jun entered Fujian, Chen Yonghua, Zheng Kecang's father-in-law and general manager of Dongning, was ordered to stay in Taiwan Province to take charge of the military forces and guards here. Unexpectedly, after Zheng Jun stepped down from Taiwan, Zheng Keshuang's father-in-law Feng Xifan was jealous of Chen Yonghua and wanted to seize his relieving power. Liu Guoxuan and Zheng Jing's general Feng Xifan are ambiguous. Feng Xifan designed and said to Chen Yonghua: "I have made no contribution to the Western Expedition, but I still occupy a great position in the country after I come back. If I feel inappropriate, I will resign and rest at home for a lifetime. " Chen Yonghua was deeply moved by this. Since Feng Xifan, the most troublesome humble Beowulf, knows how to stab, he should resign himself, that is, submit his resignation to Zheng Jing to relieve the relieving. Zheng Jing didn't want to criticize, but Feng Xifan strongly agreed, saying, "Yonghua has worked hard for several years, and both form and spirit have been burned. If you want to have a rest today and your feelings are true, you should bow down. "

In March of 19th year of Kangxi (1680), Zheng Jing approved the transfer of Chen Yonghua's most valiant troops to Liu Guoxuan. Feng Xifan still works as a bodyguard and does not resign. In May, Chen Yonghua was dismissed and resigned as general manager of Dongning Company. Soon, he died of depression, and Chen Yonghua's death marked that Zheng Kecang's power was greatly weakened. In the twentieth year of Kangxi (168 1), Zheng Keshuang's father, Zheng Jing, died and his brothers competed for the throne. At that time, Zheng Kecang, Zheng Keshuang's eldest brother, and Zheng Kecang, Chen Yonghua's son-in-law, had grown up and served as supervisors for many years, and all aspects of evaluation were good. Feng Xifan wanted Zheng Keshuang, who was only twelve years old, to replace Zheng Kecang, and sent someone to discuss with Zheng Cong, the clan relatives of the Zheng family, and the general. He is not an evil man, but Feng, Feng Xifan's father, was promoted and worshipped Feng as his adoptive father. This intimate relationship made Liu Guoxuan fall to Feng Xifan's side and forgot the mission of entrusting orphans, which also prompted Feng Xifan to kill the king later.

And they told the toffee Dong Youjia that "Zheng Kecang is not the family of the Zheng family, but the son of Li", and so on, * * * planned and launched the transformation of Dongning City. Soon, Feng Xifan and Zheng Jing factions hanged Zheng Kecang because he was not a traitor. Zheng Keshuang inherited the title of King Yanping. After the coup, Zheng Keshuang was declared the new king. After he succeeded to the throne, Zheng Keshuang was the hero of the imperial clan and coup in the Jin Dynasty, and was awarded the titles of Duke, Hou and Bo respectively. Later, he posthumous title his ancestor Zheng Chenggong and his parents Zheng Jing and his wife.

After the establishment of Zheng Keshuang, Feng Xifan made great contributions to its establishment, calling himself a loyal minister, and still managed the guards and served as a military adviser. Zheng Cong, the regicide, was an assistant government, but he was incompetent and timid, and made few decisions, but Feng Xifan let it go. Zheng Ming and Zheng Zhi are left generals and right generals. He also informed the Quartet of the "too big to bear" document, which lost the hearts of the people.

In July of the same year, Li Guangdi, a great cabinet scholar of the Qing Dynasty, said to Emperor Kangxi: "After the death of Zheng Jing, Zheng Keshuang was young and the generals could not be United. Zheng Ke can't control him, and the soldiers and the people are separated. If we send troops to conquer Taiwan Province Province at this time, it is now or never. " Upon hearing this, Emperor Kangxi immediately agreed to Li Guangdi's suggestion and prepared to attack Taiwan Province.

At this time, Taiwan Province Province under Zheng Keshuang's rule was far from comparable in both economy and military. Economically, natural floods and droughts occurred in Taiwan Province Province for three consecutive years, resulting in poor harvest and soaring rice prices. The consumption of successive years' wars has also left Taiwan Province's national treasury empty and its finances tight. In order to raise salary, expand the army and resist the attack of the Qing army, Zheng Group intensified the oppression and extortion of the people of all ethnic groups in Taiwan Province Province, and the class contradictions and ethnic contradictions on the island intensified unprecedentedly, and various forms of resistance struggles occurred from time to time. Militarily, Zheng Jun suffered heavy losses on the mainland coast, and only a thousand people fled back to Taiwan Province Province. At this time, there were still more than 50,000 Zheng troops and about 200 warships in Taiwan Province Province and Penghu, but the morale was low, and Zheng officers and men sailed to the mainland one after another to surrender to the Qing government. In the 21st year of Kangxi (1682), in November, Shi Lang, the prefect of Fujian Navy in Qing Dynasty, demanded the expropriation of Taiwan Province Province. Yao Qisheng, the governor of Fujian, still advocates zhaofu.

In the 22nd year of Kangxi (1683), Taiwan Province province asked the Qing government to follow the example of Ryukyu and Korea and only pay tribute without shaving their hair. This request was opposed by the Qing Dynasty. A naval battle broke out between Qing and Zheng in Penghu, and Shi Lang, the prefect of the Qing navy, defeated and won the pacification department of Penghu. Liu Guoxuan then fled back to dongning city. After the defeat, the Dongning imperial court began to discuss the next countermeasures, which were mainly divided into "Re-war School" and "Peace School".

Mainly introduced Zheng Dexiao, Jianwei Town Huang, Navy Town Xiao Wu, Zhongzhong Town Hong Gongzhu and so on. The heavy war faction urged Ke Yong and Feng Xifan to conquer Luzon and protect Zheng Guozuo forever. However, Feng Xifan, who had originally listened to the heavy war faction, listened to Liu Guoxuan's peace talks and finally chose to surrender to the Qing Dynasty, and Zheng Keshuang, who was young and strong, also surrendered. On the fifth day of July, Feng Xifan ordered Zheng Dexiao to write down the form. On July 15, Feng Xifan sent Zheng Keshuang to see Shi Lang and put forward the requirement of "three no harm", that is, the Qing army's entry into the island "did not harm a Zheng Shi, a white soldier and a Li Shu in Taiwan Province Province". On August 13, Shi Lang entered Taiwan Province Province and surrendered. Subsequently, Zheng Keshuang's family was assigned to the capital, belonging to the Han army Zhenghongqi and sealing Haicheng Gong. After the pacification of Taiwan Province, the King's Conference of the Qing Dynasty decided to place Zheng Ming's descendants and pseudo-officials in Zhili, Henan and Shandong provinces, but Zheng Keshuang, Liu Guoxuan and Feng Xifan were inconvenient to be placed in other provinces, so they were sent to their next of kin in Iraq and incorporated into them. Shi Lang weighed the pros and cons after learning about it, and wrote to the court that "it is better to be quiet than sparse", and advocated the nearest resettlement. He said: "if you move to the station, there will be many people with families and many people without families." Long-distance travel and escape will be difficult, so you can't live without it. Along the way, people had to cope with their husbands' hardships. After passing through counties, officials have the cost of preparing rations, and they are disturbed by private houses everywhere. Open a farm, there should be capital for cattle and farm tools, and it is hard work ... "This opinion is not only conducive to stabilizing the hearts of the soldiers and civilians in Taiwan Province who have just returned home, but also saves a lot of people and property, so Emperor Kangxi changed the original decision on the monkey and only sent Zheng, Liu, Feng and four people to Beijing; The remaining 40,000 Zheng Jun defectors, depending on their own situation, were sent back to their original places for employment, enlistment and return to agriculture.

Zheng Keshuang was forbidden to live in Fujian by the Qing court, and was placed under house arrest with his family in an alley outside Chaoyangmen, Beijing, where the Qing court placed his great-grandfather Zheng Zhilong under house arrest. In order to prevent the remnants of the former Ming Dynasty and the Zheng regime from creating troubles, the Qing court strictly controlled Zheng Keshuang's activities. In the more than 20 years after the Qing Dynasty, Zheng Keshuang only went back to Quanzhou twice, once for his grandfather's remains and once for the repair of Zheng Ancestral Temple. He was asked to return to Beijing within a time limit after only staying for a few days at a time.

In the thirty-second year of Kangxi (1693), the assistant governor of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was managed by Zheng Kezhen, the second brother of Zheng Keshuang, and transferred to the Han army in Zhenghuangqi. In the fourth year of Yongzheng, he was transferred to Zhenghongqi Han Army. The Qing court was not unkind or kind to Zheng Keshuang. Although Zheng Keshuang was made a public official, he had a title but no position. He lived in an empty land. The Zheng family has a large population, and even a Wang can't make ends meet. Therefore, he requested the return of the ancestral property occupied in Fujian and Guangdong. As a result, the ancestral properties of Jinjiang, Tongan, Zhangzhou and Guangdong were all occupied by local officials. Instead of paying it back, he lured the Zheng family for several years and dragged his own life to death.

On August 27th (September 22nd) of the 46th year of Kangxi, Ding Hai (1707), Zheng Keshuang, who was only 37 years old, died in Beijing, and his title remained unchanged. Zheng Keshuang's younger brother, Zheng Kejian, was ordered by the Qing Dynasty to transport the remains of Zheng Chenggong and Zheng Jing to Quanzhou, Fujian. After Zheng Keshuang died, his mother Huang asked the Qing court to return the property of the Zheng family, but nothing happened.