Sunflower is a plant of Campanulaceae, Compositae and Sunflower. Named after the inflorescence rotates with the sun. Annual herb, 1-3.5 meters high, up to 9 meters. The stems are erect, round and angular, hard and covered with white coarse bristles. Leaves broadly ovate usually alternate, apex acute or acuminate, base with 3 veins, margin coarsely serrated, both sides rough, hairy and long handle.

Head, diameter 10-30 cm, solitary at the top of stem or branch. The involucral bracts are multi-layered, leafy, imbricate, with long bristles, bloom in summer, and have neutral yellow tongue-shaped flowers at the edge of inflorescence, which do not bear fruit. The middle of the inflorescence is a bisexual tubular flower, brown or purple, which can bear fruit. Achenes are oval, lignified, gray or black, and are called sunflower seeds.

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Sunflower, also known as sunrise flower, is named because its flowers often face the sun. The English name "Sunflower" is not because of its sunny characteristics, but because its yellow flowers are like the sun. 16-17th century sunflower borrowed the Latin Flos Solis. The French, Italian and Spanish names of sunflowers are Tournesol, Girasol and Girasol. Like Chinese names, they are also named according to the characteristics of "facing Japan".

In fact, sunflower is one of the crops with the most aliases in Chinese, so that it has become a classic example in linguistics to explain the phenomenon of synonyms between dialects. The classic textbook Linguistics Outline of Peking University mentions: "... all sunflowers".

There are also different names in Chinese dialects, such as Tangshan in Hebei, Chaoyang Brick in Chengde, Chaoyang Brick in Renqiu, Sunflower in Jinan in Shandong, Sunflower in Changle, Sunflower in Juxian, Lotus in Qixia and Pantou melon seeds in Shaoyang, Hunan. "

Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Sunflower (Helianthus of Compositae)