College students in China tend to be moderately perfectionist, and their personal level, organization and parents' expectations are above average, but they are worried about making mistakes and parents' criticism. The following is what I recommend to you, I hope you like it!

A Study on Perfectionism Psychological Tendency of College Students

Taking Anhui Normal University 160 freshmen to seniors as the research object, and using Frost's multidimensional perfectionism scale as the research tool, this paper deeply analyzes various factors influencing contemporary college students' perfectionism psychological tendency, and draws some conclusions: First, contemporary college students have a moderate perfectionism psychological tendency. Secondly, college students with different backgrounds have different perfectionism psychology. Some factors have no or little influence on this difference, such as gender, whether the only child, parents' educational level, etc. Some factors have an influence on this difference, such as grades, and the perfectionist psychological tendency of junior students is significantly higher than that of senior students.

Keywords: perfectionism; College students; influencing factor

China Library ClassificationNo.: C9 19 Document ID: A DocumentNo.:1002-2589 * * 2014 * * 03-0083-02.

I. Literature review

* * * The definition of perfectionism

Perfectionism * * * Perfectionism I * * * is a personality trait and a tendency to set too high standards and requirements for oneself. That is, there is a tendency to pursue perfection in everything in personality, and its core feature is self-imposed high standards; Self-evaluation relies too much on success and achievement; Higher self-criticism; Fear of failure [1]. Examination-oriented education has a long history in China. In this educational background, children's growth is basically accompanied by the selection of examination forms. College students are high-quality people formed by this kind of selection. Perfectionism is common among college students. In addition, the competitive pressure in modern society is too great. The pressure from work, study and life and parents' expectations require modern college students to have higher psychological quality. The research on perfectionism psychology can be traced back to Austrian psychologist alfred adler, who believes that the intrinsic motivation for human beings to constantly change themselves and develop themselves is the pursuit of perfection. Horney * * * 1950 * * regards excessively orderly and meticulous behavior as perfectionism [2]. The theoretical viewpoints of Honeye and Adler laid the foundation for the future study of perfectionism. Frost * * * 1990 * * and others think that perfectionism is "setting too high a standard for work with too much criticism and self-evaluation". This excessive standard is related to the failure of fear, which leads to avoidance behavior, which means that a person must be constantly vigilant and defensive to avoid what he fears [3]. Barrow and Moore * * * 1983 * * believe that perfectionism is a cognitive network, which mainly includes expectations, explanations of events and evaluations of oneself and others. Perfectionism is characterized by unrealistic but rigid standards, which equate performance results with self-worth [4]. As can be seen from the above materials, perfectionism still lacks a unified definition. But we can sum up several core characteristics of perfectionism. For example, Wang Jingqun * * * 2007 * * thinks that perfectionism is a multidimensional structure and a personality trait with the ultimate tendency to pursue perfection in everything. Wang Jingqun and others pointed out that perfectionism has four core characteristics: 1*** self-imposed high standards; 2*** Self-evaluation relies too much on success and achievement: 3*** Higher self-criticism: 4*** Fear of failure. This study adopts the definition of Wang Jingqun [5].

* * * II * * Research on Perfectionism of College Students at Home and Abroad

The study of perfectionism abroad is long, extensive and in-depth. Perfectionism will cause a variety of physical and mental diseases, leading to physical, cognitive, behavioral, emotional or social psychological problems, which is very unfavorable to the shaping of healthy personality. Some studies have also shown that it may be the core component of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. In the field of education with excellent academic qualifications, it is found that perfectionism is widespread among students with excellent academic qualifications and outstanding achievements. Although the research on perfectionism in China has just started, it has also made great progress. The research results of Yang Jujifei and Xiao Yanzi show that Chinese college students tend to be moderately perfectionist, and their personal level, organization and parents' expectations are above average, while their worries about mistakes and parents' criticisms are below average. The research shows that the perfectionism of college students is significantly related to the factors in SCL-90. The higher the perfectionism of college students, the lower their mental health level. Xie Yulan's research results show that there is no gender difference in college students' self-improvement tendency in general. In short, there have been some studies on perfectionism in China, and the studies on college students' perfectionism mainly focus on perfectionism and its correlation with mental health, self-esteem, achievement motivation, interpersonal communication and family rearing patterns. The research needs to be further deepened, supported by more theoretical data, and the research breadth needs to be further broadened.

* * * raised three * * * questions.

1. Understand the basic situation of college students' perfectionism.

2. Compare the perfectionism of students with different gender, grade, urban and rural areas, whether they are only children, who they live with, whether their parents are divorced or not, and whether their parents have different educational levels.

Second, the choice of research objects and research tools.

In this study, the full-time freshmen to seniors of Anhui Normal University were selected by random sampling method, *** 160 students, including 74 boys and 87 girls. A total of 0/09 questionnaires were collected, and the recovery rate was 68. 125%. This study adopts the Chinese version of Frost's Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale.

Perfect size * * * scale, CFMPS*** .CFMPS * * has 27 topics, including five dimensions, namely, worrying about mistakes ***CM***, personal standards ***PS***, parents' expectations ***PE***, action doubts * * DA * *, and sense of order. CFMPS has satisfactory reliability and validity, and is suitable for research and use in the cultural environment of China. The data were statistically processed by Spss 17.0.

Third, the research results and analysis

* * * A * * General situation of perfectionism psychological tendency of college students.

* * * Comparison of CFMPS scores of subjects of different grades in Grade Two * *

In this study, freshmen and sophomores are classified as lower grades, and juniors and seniors are classified as higher grades. Therefore, the difference of perfectionism scores between senior and junior students is analyzed by independent sample T test, and it is concluded that there are significant differences between senior and junior students in the dimensions of total average score, false concern and personal standard.

* * * Comparison of CFMPS scores of three factors * * Other factors

Comparing the CFMPS scores of subjects of different sexes, using independent sample T test, it is concluded that there is no statistical difference in CFMPS scores of different sexes. Comparing the CFMPS scores of only-child and non-only-child students, t=- 1.06 1, p=0.05, the difference is significant. Compared with the students whose parents are divorced, there is no significant difference in CFMPS scores between them, t=0. 1 19, p=0.05. Through one-way ANOVA, there is no significant difference in CFMPS scores between students who live with their parents, fathers, mothers and grandparents. There is no significant difference in CFMPS scores of students with different parents' educational levels by one-way ANOVA.

Four. Discussion on the results

Generally speaking, college students have a moderate psychological tendency of perfectionism. The perfectionism psychology of college students with different backgrounds is different. Some factors have no or little influence on this difference, such as gender, whether the only child, parents' educational level, etc. There are also some factors that affect this difference, such as grade. According to the characteristics of perfectionism psychological tendency of different college students, the results of this study show that there is no statistical difference in CFMPS scores of college students of different sexes. This may be related to the progress of modern society and the promotion of equality between men and women. There are significant differences in the psychological scores of perfectionism among college students of different grades. The scores of junior students in "false concern" and "personal standards" are significantly higher than those of senior students. This may be because junior college students bid farewell to high school and have just entered the campus. Although they just bid farewell to the tense high school life, high-standard learning attitude still has an important impact on college study life. In addition, college study and life are unknown standards that junior students have no reference to. They are more worried about mistakes, so they set higher standards for themselves than senior students and pay more attention to whether their actions are right or wrong. After entering the senior year, college students are more mature and rational in all aspects, and their requirements for themselves are more in line with reality. Perfectionism psychology is a stable personality trait, which is more likely to be related to the subject's own experience and personality.

References:

[1] Gong Yihua. A preliminary compilation of the questionnaire on parental rearing patterns [D]. Chongqing: Southwest Normal University, 2005.

[2] The last moon. Summary of Perfectionism Research [J]. Journal of Jinan University, 2006 * * * 16 * * *: 73-75.

[3] Wang Jingqun, Liang Baoyong, Shao Xiuqiao. A Summary of Perfectionism Research [J]. Psychological Exploration, 2005 * * * 93 * *: 69-73.

[4]Paeh tA。 Thinking about perfection. American psychology-

Geologist,1984,39 * * * 4 * * *: 386-390.

[5] Wang Dengfeng and Cui Hong. Compilation process and preliminary results of China Personality Scale [J]. Journal of Psychology, 2003 * * * 35 * *:127-136.

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