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How can local governments improve employment?
Abstract: In the economic downturn, promoting local employment has become an important goal of local governments. The reason is that large-scale unemployment will cause local social problems and affect local stability. In order to promote employment, Zhuhai Xiangzhou Human Resources Center held a fair on employment assistance for people with difficulties. However, many people with employment difficulties such as zero-employment families and "4050" personnel are "choosy" in the process of job hunting and despise low-paid jobs. In the economic downturn, promoting local employment has become an important goal of local governments. The reason is that large-scale unemployment will cause local social problems and affect local stability. In order to promote employment, Zhuhai Xiangzhou Human Resources Center held a fair on employment assistance for people with difficulties. However, many people with employment difficulties such as zero-employment families and "4050" personnel are "choosy" in the process of job hunting and despise low-paid jobs. As a result, the idea of solving the employment problem through employment assistance talks fell through. The question that needs to be answered urgently is why people who seem to have difficulty in finding a job are picky about their positions. How to explain it? In fact, "employment difficulty" is the standard set by the government, but the labor contract in the real world is very complicated. For example, through odd jobs, people with employment difficulties in the eyes of the government are actually employed, but it does not exist in statistics. In other words, "picky" people are not the people who need employment most. The government mistakenly believes that this is because the employees are not in a right attitude and are unwilling to engage in low-paying jobs, so it is necessary to provide them with employment mentality counseling. In fact, even psychological counseling on employment will not help solve the employment problem of these people, because these people have employment choices, not "the most urgent needs." "The most urgent need" means that if he doesn't take part in employment at the current salary level, it will affect his life, for example, it is difficult to solve the problem of food and clothing. In this emergency, even illegal employment enterprises will be entered, not to mention enterprises with minimum wage guarantee. So where are these people who "need employment most"? Does it not exist, because those so-called difficult people still have a choice. Obviously not. In fact, these people who are in urgent need of employment do not have household registration in local towns, so it is difficult for them to appear in the vision of local governments. Although in the process of economic development, these invisible workers provide a lot of labor and taxes for the city, but the city does not regard them as a member of the city, so they will not be considered in employment negotiations. Due to the restrictions of the household registration system, these migrant workers are excluded. And these migrant workers will also encounter employment problems when they return to China. On the one hand, jobs in rural areas are also scarce. On the other hand, because the skills of urban work can't match those of rural work, many second-generation migrant workers simply don't have the farming skills of their parents, so they can't adapt to rural work and life. When they came to the city, the recession reduced jobs, and the government excluded these workers from the aid targets, which made them doubly excluded and further squeezed their living space. The city has collected taxes, but it has pushed the employment problem of migrant workers to the countryside. Rural areas have never collected taxes, so naturally they will not be willing to bear this responsibility. The asymmetry of rights and responsibilities, coupled with the restrictions of the household registration system, makes such a group of people who have made important contributions to China's economic development have to make a living in the cracks of policies, and there is no guarantee at all. This is obviously due to policy issues. Therefore, it is urgent to release the household registration restrictions, let the labor flow freely, and at the same time increase the government and social security, which may partially solve the current employment problem. Li, who graduated from the Economics Department of Zhejiang University, is now a researcher at Shanghai Institute of Finance and Law.