In the spring auction of 20 1 1, Qi Baishi's work "Song and Li Tu Si Yan Lian" was sold at a sky-high price of 425 million yuan after fierce competition, which undoubtedly became a milestone in China's calligraphy and painting art market, and it was also the embodiment of the philosophical value of Chinese painting that most scholars and collectors agreed on ... although there were calls to prove that it was the bubble embodiment of China's art market. But for collectors, investors and artists, he is a generalist who combines painting, calligraphy, seal cutting and poetry. Through Qi Baishi's works, we can see the transformation and development of Chinese painting in modern times. Chinese painting is a cultural product of development and change. Its interior is the basic spirit of China culture, while its exterior is related to many elements such as modeling, color, structure, and expression methods. China people look at the universe and the universe with poetic eyes, and this spirit of life has had a far-reaching impact on painting and culture. Under the influence of this spirit of life, China's unique painting concept and philosophical thought were formed. The condensation of this concept and philosophical thought created the soul of Chinese painting-philosophy. Among them, the core contents are "form and spirit", "meaning and image", "qi and rhyme" and "reason and law" First, "form" and "spirit" are one of the core categories of China's painting. Qi Baishi advocates that the beauty of art lies between likeness and dissimilarity, and painters such as Fa, Shi Tao and Wu Changshuo have formed a unique freehand brushwork style. Flowers, birds, insects and fish, especially fruits and vegetables, as well as people and landscapes, enjoy the reputation of "Southern Wu and Northern Qi" in Wu Changshuo. Qi Baishi's Stand of Pine and cypress was written on 1946, which is already his mature work. Song Ying is one of Qi Baishi's favorite paintings and is familiar to the audience. "Eagle" means "hero", vigorous and powerful, while "pine and cypress" means longevity, which has the hidden meaning of evergreen inheritance. It can be said that Qi Baishi's works inherited all the characteristics of literati painting, leaving its complexity and essence, unity of form and spirit, and unity of things and me. It is the painter's "familiarity with the heart", which has become the image of "making knowledge into hands" after refining. The creation of artistic images, and the painter's feelings about the inner life and breath of objects. The "theory of form and spirit" mentioned in China's painting art is exactly what philosophy says, and of course it is also the development of painting to literary spirit. Literati painting tends to attach importance to spirit over form, and attaches importance to the unity of form and spirit; Metamorphosis is used for deification. That is to say, it has the spirit of reappearance itself, and has gradually developed from "taking spirit" to "expressing meaning" and from "likeness of spirit" to "meaning"; "Meaning" is a higher aesthetic level than "God". This is the development track of China's painting performance and creation. The materialized form of China's aesthetic consciousness of painting art should be said to be freehand brushwork. "Freehand brushwork" is the painting view of China's painting. We should have a complete and comprehensive understanding of freehand brushwork in Chinese painting. We can't limit freehand brushwork to pen and ink, if so, it will be too narrow, and the focus of freehand brushwork lies in "image". 2. Appreciate this picture of pine and cypress standing upright. The protagonist is a goshawk standing on a pine branch. It proudly stands alone, pointing out the main feather and the tail feather with thick ink and Jiao Mo's broad pen. The primary and secondary feathers are distinct, the layers are distinct, the heroic feathers are gathered, and the talons firmly grasp the trunk. Overview with Jiao Mo, Eagle beak and finishing touch. This angry goshawk looks bright in the distance. Look again, the eagle stands sideways, full of energy, with its head slightly twisted, looking at the vast land and waiting for opportunities, highlighting the sense of strength and vitality of the image. From this realistic pen and ink goshawk, we can see Qi Baishi's careful observation of life and the realistic source of depicting image details. See the painter a lot of money, write pine and cypress with seal script. Although the stone is bold and unrestrained, the shape of pine and cypress is natural, and a piece of pine and cypress is painted on the picture. "Pine and cypress" is a metaphor for longevity and has a unique style in the picture frame. It has already jumped out of the function of "celebrating a birthday", but with the metaphor of "everlasting foundation", it has become an expectation for a beautiful vision that has withered after the war. In the process of painting creation, Chinese painting is limited by materials, and this limitation has just contributed to the painter's own subjective thoughts and pursuits, and he writes his own thoughts with pen and ink. It can be seen that the ideological theme of "from virtual to real" in Chinese painting is vivid and has the characteristics of "unreachable". Chinese painting is opposed to "vivid" and pursues not the unscathed truth, but the artistic perception of "a thousand strokes and one ink, a little dust robbery" 3. From Qi Baishi's works, the expression of "Qi" is to use the "force" in the pen-the Qi of pine, that is, we should pay attention to the force of Qi when drawing pine, and there is something in the pen. Pine branches extend from the upper right, and pine branches also extend from the upper right, which makes the viewer expand his imagination and show the majestic height of pine trees. The pine tree is in front, painted with light ink, with thick brush, with distinct layers, the branches are upright and inclined to the right, and then inserted obliquely from the top, and the pine needles are written with thick ink, showing the pen power and tenacity of the pine needles; The cypress tree is behind, the ink color is thicker and the posture is more awkward. The ups and downs inside and outside the nib shape the "rhyme". "Qi", which emphasizes "vivid charm", refers to the "spiritual essence" of the origin of life, which is the same as "God". From the perspective of the aesthetic system of Chinese painting, it pays attention to the inner spirit of aesthetics and pursues the unity of shape, spirit and matter such as "Qi" and "Rhyme". "Qi" is a philosophical concept with complex connotation, which existed as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and expressed the movement and change of all things in nature, the formation of human beings and their spiritual phenomena. The interaction between "Qi" and philosophy and culture makes "Qi" become an aesthetic category accepted by the public in painting art. "Qi" depends on the spiritual quality of the work, and the spirit of the work is the objective form of the artist's creative spirit. The relationship between "Qi" and "Rhyme" in Chinese painting is mainly manifested in the whole process of creative desire, image management and ink dropping. Qi and God are unified. Rhyme is not only an artistic method, but also an aesthetic realm. If you want to study the "rhyme" in Chinese painting, you must know how to use pen and ink. The modeling method of Chinese painting is line, which can express lines in shape, quality, movement and potential. Throughout Song and Li Tu's ink color, there are rich changes and verve, which shows that the charm of ink mostly comes from the change of ink color. In order to obtain the "rhyme" in painting, Qi Baishi's aesthetic character in pen and ink attainments is "short essay rate". 4. As far as the aesthetic ideology of Chinese painting is concerned, it can be roughly divided into two categories; Rationalism-Confucianism; And irrationalism-Taoism. In artistic creation, Confucianism attaches importance to the social function of painting, while Taoism emphasizes the "pleasure" of painting. Look at this poem, it is clearly written for the picture, but it also serves the birthday theme of the picture. The poem says, "Ainny is in the pine shade, the cypress is high and the clouds are light, the scenery in the mystery is good for the future, and the eagle hunts eight thousand spring." Pine and cypress have a long history in the traditional culture of China. "Eight Thousand Springs" points out the meaning of birthday. In the painting, pine and cypress stand upright, indomitable spirit and stand proudly. At the top, there is an angry eagle, and the leader (Chiang Kai-shek) is a gentleman hero. In the poem, "Ainny" refers to all the people in the world, while "pine branches hanging in the shade" refers to all the people in the shadow of the leader. "Tomorrow's mystery" means that after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the politics is clear, the situation is excellent, and leaders can make great achievements. The poem shows the painter Qi Baishi's simple political demands and wishes as an ordinary people, hoping that after eight years of anti-Japanese war, under the leadership of Chiang Kai-shek, ordinary people can live a stable and peaceful life. From this perspective, this is the embodiment of Confucianism. Looking at the style of poetry and calligraphy with a pen is a typical feature of Qi Baishi. Qi Baishi attached a giant couplet of seal script to this painting: "Life is better than Nanshan, and the world is peaceful." It was also the expression of ordinary people's simple political aspirations at that time, and their expectations for the peaceful development and better life of the country. Qi Baishi's calligraphy has its own characteristics and a wide range of methods, especially seal script. The seal script of the old man Baishi is magnificent and can resist the tripod. He pursues the charm of stones and stones as his aesthetic destination. Therefore, his pen is different from that of the ancients, and he uses the middle pen, just like the straight pen in his seal cutting. And his brushwork is the same. Some people question that this couplet is forged with a pen, but they really don't know its calligraphy source and the purpose of using a pen. Taoism believes that heaven is nature and man is a part of nature. Break these barriers imposed on human body, liberate human nature, return to nature again, and reach a spiritual realm of "everything is one with me". With this feeling, the work can be perfect.
Correctly understanding and applying the philosophy of Chinese painting can make us go further and further in the pursuit of art. Even if we can't all become artists, at least, we can cultivate good artistic sentiment and aesthetic vision and become a high-quality art lover. If you want to continue to make great progress in your major, you must enrich your own connotation, because Chinese painting does not exist alone, it needs profound cultural heritage to nourish it.
You can just cut the outline of my thesis.