Category: Education/Science >> University Information

Problem description:

Our school is a key university of 2 1 1 project. 2 1 1 What exactly does the project mean?

Analysis:

2 1 1 project

I. What is "Project 2 1 1"

1993 February 13 * * The main spirit of the Outline of China's Education Reform and Development and the State Council's Opinions on it is: in order to meet the challenge of the world's new technological revolution, facing the 2 1 century, concentrate the central and local forces and focus on construction from about 65,438 to 2000. The quality of education, scientific research, management level and school-running efficiency have been greatly improved, and obvious progress has been made in education reform, so as to strive for a number of institutions of higher learning and disciplines that are close to or reach the level of world-class universities at the beginning of 2 1 century. It can be summarized as follows: "2 1 1 project" is the key construction of about 100 colleges and universities and a number of key disciplines facing the 2 1 century.

Second, the historical background of "2 1 1 project"

"2 1 1 project" was brewed from 1990. 1In June, 1990, when the State Education Commission formulated the national ten-year education plan and the eighth five-year plan, it studied the problem of focusing on running a number of key universities during the Eighth Five-Year Plan period. At that time, it was proposed to invest about 30 key universities in a planned way within two or three five-year plans. Later, considering the need to form a group of leading schools in the industry, after many studies, it was determined that there were about 100 key institutions of higher learning around 2000, and it was required to take this matter as a major event facing "2 1 century". This important measure to develop higher education was originally called "2 1 1 plan", and was later determined as "2 1 1 project".

199 1 In April, a number of universities and key disciplines were included in the ten-year plan for national economic and social development and the outline of the eighth five-year plan approved by the Fourth Session of the Seventh National People's Congress.

19911February, the state education commission made a special report on the "2 1 10 project" to the State Council and relevant leaders. 1On August 26th, 1992, the minutes of the the State Council 1 1 executive meeting clearly stated: "The meeting agreed in principle that the Education Commission and relevant departments should focus on' 21658' of a number of colleges and universities.

1992101October 29th, the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau (PSC) was chaired by Comrade * * to discuss the Outline of Education Development and Reform in China (Draft). The Standing Committee members believe that it is very important to run well the 100 key universities in the Outline. Running these schools well can drive the whole institution of higher learning.

1993 1 10 In October, the State Council approved the Opinions on Reforming and Actively Developing General Higher Education issued by the State Education Commission, and defined the construction goal of "2 1 1 project".

1993 February 13, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council officially issued the "Outline of Education Reform and Development in China", which clearly pointed out: "We should concentrate the central and local forces to run about 100 key universities and a number of key disciplines and majors well."

1In July, 1993, the State Education Commission issued "Several Opinions on Key Construction of a Group of Universities and Key Discipline Points" and decided to set up a key construction project of "2 1 1 project", that is, to build about 100 universities and a group of key discipline points for the 2 1 century.

Third, establish the guiding ideology of "2 1 1 project"

First, facing the 2 1 century, cultivate, transport and accumulate key talents for the realization of China's second and third strategic goals.

Second, facing the main battlefield of economic construction, strengthen the connection between higher education and economic construction, strive to solve major scientific and technological problems in national economic construction and social development, and meet the demand for senior professionals in China's socialist modernization.

The third is to concentrate limited funds, focus on building a number of schools and key disciplines with good basic conditions, and improve the efficiency of fund use.

Fourth, through the key construction of a number of universities and key disciplines, other schools will be promoted, so as to improve the educational quality, scientific research level and school-running efficiency of China's higher education and promote the reform and development of higher education. Make China's higher education occupy a certain position in the world and explore a way to build a new socialist university.

Four. Construction objectives, central tasks and main contents of "2 1 1 Project"

The goal of "2 1 1 project" is to make a considerable number of institutions of higher learning and key disciplines become bases for cultivating high-level professionals and solving major scientific and technological problems in national economic construction and social development after 10 years or longer. It is at the domestic advanced level in education quality, scientific research and management, and has certain international influence. A number of institutions of higher learning and some key disciplines have reached or approached the world advanced level. Basically, key disciplines and demonstration schools with reasonable structure and layout, high level and distinctive features will be formed to meet the needs of socialist modernization, and a new higher education system will be established to meet the needs of socialist market economic system and political and scientific and technological system reform.

The central task of "2 1 1 Project" construction is to improve the education quality, scientific research level, management level and school-running efficiency of colleges and universities. To this end, relevant colleges and universities should strive to build a team of teachers with good political and professional quality, reasonable structure and relative stability, and cultivate a group of academic leaders and backbone teachers with good academic attainments and certain influence at home and abroad; Strengthen ideological and political education and improve students' quality in an all-round way; It is necessary to adjust the discipline structure, strengthen discipline construction and carry out teaching reform in depth to better meet the needs of economic construction and social development; It is necessary to greatly improve the material conditions for running schools, such as instruments and equipment, reference books and communications, strengthen laboratory construction, and significantly enhance scientific research strength; We should learn from foreign advanced experience, strengthen international exchanges and expand international influence. Relevant departments should provide preferential policies for key institutions of higher learning, further expand the independent running of schools, and accelerate the formation of an operating mechanism in which schools actively adapt to social needs, self-motivation, self-development and self-restraint.

The main contents of "2 1 1 project" include three parts: first, there are about 100 institutions of higher learning; Second, a number of key disciplines; The third is the public service system of higher education. Here, the overall construction of the school is the foundation, and the construction of key disciplines is the core, which is an important symbol of the level of teaching and scientific research and an effective way to improve the overall level of the school. The public service system of higher education is based on key disciplines and based on the principle of sharing resources and serving the whole country, which strengthens the infrastructure construction of higher education in China as a whole and improves the level and efficiency of running colleges and universities. The public service system of "2 1 1 project" higher education mainly includes the construction of computer network for education and scientific research in China, as well as the rational distribution and guarantee system of literature resources in various disciplines, the scientific and technological information consultation system, the high-level education management information system, the rational allocation of large-scale precision instruments and equipment and the resource sharing system.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) enters the selection conditions of "2 1 1 project" key construction universities.

The principle of selecting key institutions of higher learning and key disciplines is "level is the foundation, input is the condition, objectives should be clear, measures should be implemented, fair competition and merit-based admission".

The selection of institutions of higher learning and key disciplines under the key construction of "2 1 1 Project" is based on the premise of correct school-running ideas, strong unity of leading bodies and certain achievements in reform; The infrastructure such as teaching and living has reached the standard, and the undergraduate education level is relatively high; The departments and regions where the school is located have comprehensive and reasonable educational development plans.

The selection conditions for key construction institutions of higher learning are: having a relatively stable and high-quality teaching staff; Having advanced teaching and scientific research level and conditions; There are a certain number of doctoral programs and key disciplines, and there are a large number of high-level professionals with good quality; There are many scientific research funds, remarkable achievements, great contributions to national construction and high school efficiency; It has great academic influence at home and abroad; The goal of school construction is clear, with its own characteristics, and the construction funds are relatively implemented.

The selection conditions of key disciplines for key construction are as follows: the development direction of disciplines is of great significance to national economic construction and social development, with characteristics and advantages; There are recognized academic leaders in China and influential in the world, and high-level academic teams with reasonable structure; The level of teaching and scientific research is in a leading position in China, and it also has a certain influence in the world, with outstanding achievements in personnel training and scientific research; It has good teaching and scientific research conditions and academic exchanges at home and abroad.

VI. Several stages of the implementation of "2 1 1 Project"

According to the arrangement of the Ministry of Education, the implementation of "2 1 1 project" is mainly divided into the following stages: school application, department pre-examination, preparatory project establishment, formal project establishment, project implementation and acceptance.

List of schools:

Beijing (23 institutes) Tsinghua University Peking University China Renmin University Beijing Jiaotong University

Beijing University of Technology Beihang University Beijing Institute of Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing

Beijing university of chemical technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China Agricultural University and Beijing Forestry University.

China Communication University, Minzu University of China, Beijing Normal University, Central Conservatory of Music.

University of international business and economics Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing Foreign Studies University Peking Union Medical College

China University of Political Science and Law, Central University of Finance and Economics, North China Electric Power University

Shanghai (9 universities) Shanghai International Studies University Fudan University East China Normal University Shanghai University

Donghua University Shanghai University of Finance and Economics East China University of Science and Technology Tongji University

Shanghai Jiaotong University merged with Shanghai Second Medical University.

Tianjin (3 institutes) Nankai University Tianjin University Tianjin Medical University

Chongqing (2 institutes) Chongqing University Southwest University

Hebei (1 College) Hebei University of Technology

Shanxi (1 College) Taiyuan University of Technology

Inner Mongolia (1 College) Inner Mongolia University

Liaoning (4 institutes) Dalian University of Technology Northeastern University Liaoning University Dalian Maritime University

Jilin (3 institutes) Jilin University Northeast Normal University Yanbian University

Heilongjiang (4 institutes) Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Engineering University Northeast Agricultural University Northeast Forestry University

Jiangsu (1 1) Nanjing University Southeast University Suzhou University Nanjing Normal University

China University of Mining and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Hohai University and Nanjing University of Science and Technology.

Jiangnan University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Zhejiang (1 College) Zhejiang University

Anhui (3 universities) China University of Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei University of Technology

Fujian (2 institutes) Xiamen University Fuzhou University

Jiangxi (1 College) Nanchang University

Shandong (3 universities) Shandong University China Ocean University China Youshi University

Henan (1 College) Zhengzhou University

Hubei (7) Wuhan University Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Geo University Wuhan University of Technology

Huazhong Normal University Huazhong Agricultural University Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

Hunan (3 institutes) Hunan University Central South University Hunan Normal University

Guangdong (5) Sun Yat-sen University Jinan University South China University of Technology South China Normal University

Traditional Chinese Medicine University Of Guangzhou

Guangxi (*** 1) Guangxi University

Sichuan (***5 institutes) Sichuan University Southwest Jiaotong University University University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Agricultural University

Southwestern University of Finance and Economics

Yunnan (1 College) Yunnan University

Guizhou (1 College) Guizhou University

Shaanxi (6 institutes) Northwest University xi Jiaotong University Northwestern Polytechnical University Chang 'an University

Northwest A&F University xidian university

Gansu (1 College) Lanzhou University

Xinjiang (1 College) Xinjiang University

Military System (III) Second Military Medical University Fourth Military Medical University National University of Defense Technology

Note: Bold characters represent 2 1 1 universities (*** 12 universities) newly added on September 8, 2005.

"2 1 1 project" is a construction project in China, which focuses on building about 100 universities and key disciplines for the 2 1 century.

I purpose of "2 1 1 project"

The implementation of "2 1 1 project" is an important measure to promote the development of higher education in China and promote the adaptation of higher education to economic and social development. The implementation of this project aims at cultivating high-level talents for China's economic and social development strategy, which is of great significance to improving the level of national higher education, speeding up national economic construction, promoting the development of science and technology culture, enhancing comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness, and realizing that the cultivation of high-level talents is basically based on China.

Second, the overall construction objectives and tasks

Facing the 2 1 century, during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, a number of institutions of higher learning and key disciplines will be developed. On this basis, after several years' efforts, about 100 colleges and universities and a number of key disciplines will greatly improve their education quality, scientific research, management level and school-running benefits, and the reform of higher education, especially the reform of management system, has made remarkable progress, becoming a domestic-based university focusing on cultivating high-level talents. Among them, some key institutions of higher learning and some key disciplines are close to or reach the advanced level of similar international schools and disciplines, most of them have obviously improved their school conditions, made great achievements in personnel training and scientific research, adapted to the development of regions and industries, and are generally at the domestic advanced level, playing a backbone and exemplary role.

The main contents of the project construction:

The construction of "2 1 1 project" mainly includes the overall conditions of the school, key disciplines and the construction of public service system for higher education.

1. Construction of the overall conditions of the school: train a large number of academic leaders and backbone teachers with profound academic attainments and certain influence at home and abroad, especially speed up the training of young academic leaders, and maintain a team of teachers and management cadres with excellent political and professional quality, reasonable structure, capable personnel and relative stability; Deepen the reform of education and teaching, optimize the structure of disciplines (majors), promote the all-round development of students' morality, intelligence and physique, and ensure the substantial improvement of education quality; Strengthen the construction of infrastructure, laboratory and public facilities necessary for teaching and scientific research, and create necessary living and working conditions for cultivating and attracting outstanding talents; Improve the scale and efficiency of running schools; Strengthen scientific research, strive to realize the industrialization of scientific research results, and accelerate the pace of transforming science and technology into real productive forces; Promote the reform of school-running system and deepen the reform of school internal management system; Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation among institutions of higher learning and expand the international influence of China's higher education.

2. Construction of key disciplines: mainly to improve the ability to cultivate high-level talents in the frontier fields of science and technology. In some qualified schools, select some key research bases that have a significant impact on national economic construction, scientific and technological progress, social development and national defense construction, can solve major scientific and technological problems in this field, and are expected to achieve breakthrough results, strengthen the experimental conditions for personnel training, broaden the scope of disciplines, form a number of discipline groups and bases that are related to disciplines, closely related to each other, and have unique characteristics and advantages, and constantly cultivate high-level backbones in this field. Efforts will be made to form a key discipline system that covers major industries and fields of China's economic construction and social development, promotes the development of disciplines and science and technology, and has a reasonable division of labor and mutual support.

3. The construction of public service system of higher education mainly includes the computer network of education and scientific research in China, the guarantee system of books and documents, and the modern equipment sharing system. China's educational and scientific research computer network will connect domestic universities and international networks, and provide information services for China's education, science and technology and all sectors of society. Relying on China's educational and scientific research computer network, the library and document guarantee system has established a national comprehensive document center and a number of subject document centers, which are widely networked with domestic and foreign document systems and established a document information subnet. According to the regional advantages, modern instrument and equipment service centers should be set up in the central cities where colleges and universities are concentrated, combined with the construction of key disciplines in colleges and universities, so as to improve the efficiency of equipment use.

Planning tasks of "2 1 1 project" during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period:

1. First, efforts should be made to build two institutions of higher learning, so that they can approach and reach the international advanced level in teaching, scientific research and personnel training, and establish a high reputation and status in the world.

2. Focus on improving and improving the basic conditions of teaching and scientific research in about 25 institutions of higher learning that are closely related to China's socialist construction, with relatively concentrated key disciplines and undertake more tasks of public service system construction, so as to significantly improve the quality of personnel training, and some key disciplines are close to or reach the international level, and play a backbone and demonstration role in institutions of higher learning. It is necessary to pay attention to supporting the construction of colleges and key disciplines closely related to basic industries and pillar industries, increase the training of senior professionals and applied technical talents urgently needed by the country, and reflect the main battlefield of "2 1 1 project" construction for economic construction.

3. Strengthen the construction of about 300 key disciplines closely related to economic and social development, scientific and technological progress and national defense construction, and enhance the ability to continuously cultivate high-level talents in relevant fields that meet the needs of the socialist market economy.

4. Complete the basic framework construction of public service system of higher education.

Specific construction methods of "2 1 1 project":

In principle, the main construction contents will be considered in key universities to be determined and universities to be improved and perfected, so as to reflect the effective use of funds and give play to the comprehensive benefits of universities. A few key disciplines and other construction projects can be arranged in another part of colleges and universities.

Third, the project construction funds

The construction funds needed for "2 1 1 Project" are jointly raised by the state, departments, localities and institutions of higher learning. According to the current higher education management system, the construction funds are mainly raised and arranged by the departments and localities affiliated to the school, and the central government arranges certain special funds to support it, which plays a role in promoting, guiding and standardizing the project construction.

Ministry and local * * * special funds, to give priority to ensure the needs of national key disciplines, higher education public * * * service system construction, appropriate arrangements for the higher education infrastructure construction. The central special funds are mainly used to subsidize the construction of national key disciplines and the public service system of higher education, and to subsidize the infrastructure construction needed to improve the overall level of a few colleges and universities.

Four. Construction procedure and organization management

As a national key construction project, "2 1 1 Project" has been included in the long-term plan of national economic and social development and the Ninth Five-Year Plan, and has been implemented since 1995.

1, the State Council established the "2 1 1 project" inter-ministerial coordination group to coordinate and decide the major principles and policies in the project construction. The coordination group consists of the competent leaders of the State Council, the State Planning Commission, the State Education Commission and the Ministry of Finance. The coordination group has an office, which is responsible for the implementation, management, inspection and evaluation of the "2 1 1 Project" construction project. The office is composed of relevant comrades from the State Education Commission, the State Planning Commission and the Ministry of Finance, and is located in the State Education Commission.

2. "211Project" shall be approved and managed according to the national infrastructure procedures. The central competent department of industry and the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) * * *, in consultation with the State Education Commission, will pre-examine the alternative colleges and disciplines that apply to enter the "2 1 1 Project". After the pre-trial, the relevant competent department shall submit the project preparation materials to the State Education Commission. According to the overall progress requirements of "2 1 1 project" and the possibility of national financial resources, the State Education Commission, together with relevant competent departments, shall submit a feasibility study report of the project to the State Planning Commission. The State Planning Commission shall comprehensively balance and review the specific objectives and standards of construction projects, the implementation of self-raised funds by departments, localities and universities, and the arrangement of special funds from the central government, and approve one when conditions are ripe. Projects approved to enter "2 1 1 Project" shall be arranged and implemented by the State Planning Commission in consultation with the Ministry of Finance and the State Education Commission in the annual plan. Colleges and universities that meet the construction requirements of "2 1 1 project" are closely related to the national economic development priorities. The implementation of self-raised funds does not require special support from the central government, but can also be included in key construction plans and enjoy corresponding preferential policies.

3. The "211Project" construction project shall be managed by the project legal person responsibility system. In accordance with the requirements of the overall planning and implementation progress of the project construction, the project authorities are specifically responsible for the management of the "2 1 1 project" construction projects in their own departments and regions, and earnestly do all the work of their own construction projects to ensure that they are completed on time and with good quality.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) "2 1 1 project"

Under the direct care and guidance of the leading comrades of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and under the coordinated leadership of the State Planning Commission, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance, the construction of "2 1 1 project" is progressing smoothly.

During the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, the "2 1 1 Project" school arranged 602 key discipline construction projects. Among them, there are 62 humanities associations, accounting for10%; 57 economic, political and legal categories, accounting for10%; 89 basic sciences, accounting for15%; 42 environmental resources, accounting for 7%; 255 basic industries and high technologies, accounting for 42%; 66 medical and health services, accounting for11%; Agriculture 3 1, accounting for 5%.

During the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, the total construction fund of "2 1 1 project" was about 183 billion yuan. Among them, 6.388 billion yuan was used for the construction of key disciplines, 3.5 billion yuan for the construction of public service system, 65.438+006 billion yuan for infrastructure construction and 7.332 billion yuan for the construction of supporting facilities.

Since the implementation of "2 1 1 project", it has promoted the overall development of higher education, promoted the * * * construction of departments and localities and various forms of joint running schools, fully mobilized the enthusiasm of all aspects of running schools, and also promoted the transformation of running schools. The conditions for running a school have been improved to some extent. The national digital information platform for higher education has been initially established, and the construction of public teaching facilities has achieved initial results. "2 1 1 engineering" school has established the guiding ideology with the construction of key disciplines as the core, and established the core position of discipline construction in the development of the school. The ability to cultivate high-level talents has been further improved, the level of scientific research equipment has been greatly improved, and the ability to carry out research in frontier fields of science and solve major problems in economic construction has been significantly enhanced. Attaching importance to the construction of teaching staff has created certain working conditions for stabilizing and attracting talents. During the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, the construction of "2 1 1 project" has made remarkable achievements and produced a number of landmark achievements.

The construction of "2 1 1 project" during the ninth five-year plan period has basically ended, and the construction during the tenth five-year plan period is about to begin.