Create a space for autonomous learning. In order to let students learn independently, teachers should first create an atmosphere of autonomous learning. This requires teachers to teach wisely, respect different students' emotions, thinking and hobbies, and allow students to have different views on problems, although these views may be wrong or even absurd and naive. We should encourage them enthusiastically. Only in this way can students be physically and mentally free, express their opinions boldly and study independently. When I was teaching Ask If You Don't Understand, I asked my classmates to preview carefully before previewing, and then asked all the questions they wanted to ask. As a result, the students asked more questions than before. One of them even asked me, "Teacher, Sun Yat-sen was so good at asking questions when he was a child. Did he become a scientist later? " This question has nothing to do with the text, but I didn't refuse to answer it. But told them about Sun Yat-sen's later deeds. The students listened with relish, and the whole class was very enthusiastic.

Second,

Stimulate the interest in autonomous learning. Interest is the best teacher. In the teaching process, teachers should pay attention to stimulate students' interest in learning, be good at grasping the knowledge points that can arouse students' interest in the teaching materials, or adapt or expand them slightly to make students learn in interest. For example, the sixth volume of the Chinese textbook "Accumulation and Application VI" contains a short article "The Blind and Painting" with a colorless painting next to it. After learning the essay, I asked the students to color the picture according to their own imagination, and the students' interest in learning immediately rose, and they soon painted the picture colorful. Then, I asked my classmates to talk about their paintings. A classmate said, "There is a fiery red sun on my picture." Others said, "My painting is a crystal clear river with green grass." Others said, "There is a fairy-tale house in my painting, where a little white rabbit lives!" " "Students' imagination is really rich! There are many similar examples in the textbook. As long as teachers are good at digging, they will certainly find materials that students are interested in.

Third,

Starting point based on autonomous learning. In order to let students learn independently, it is necessary to find the starting point of students' learning. In my opinion, this "starting point" should be the "nearest development zone" for each student. The materials given are too simple, lower than "the nearest development zone", and students have already studied and have no interest in learning. The materials given are too complicated, which is higher than the "nearest development zone", and students have no interest in learning, so they can't learn independently. Therefore, we should base ourselves on the "nearest development zone". However, every class

There are gifted students and students with learning difficulties, and each student's "zone of proximal development" is different, which requires teachers to fully understand their students, and then put forward different questions and requirements according to different students, so as to teach students in accordance with their aptitude. For example, in the teaching of peanuts, we can design different levels of questions: (1), what are the characteristics of peanuts? (2) What kind of person does my father say he wants to be? (3) How can I understand what my father said and talk about my feelings? The first two questions are general questions, which are more suitable for middle and lower school students. The latter question is more difficult and needs to be answered in connection with one's own experience, which is suitable for eugenics. When designing homework, we should also design graded exercises to meet the needs of students at different levels.

Fourth,

Cultivate the habit of autonomous learning. Good study habits are half the success of teaching. Teachers should consciously cultivate students' study habits in the teaching process. Once students form good study habits, they will take the initiative to acquire knowledge, which will benefit them for life. This is how I cultivate students' habit of autonomous learning: (1). In the preview, students are required to draw words they don't understand while reading, and then try to understand them. For example, look up the dictionary, ask classmates and ask teachers; (2) Write down the questions you don't understand in your notebook, or think independently, or ask your classmates. In this way, students keep asking questions, and over time, they can ask some valuable questions; (3) Encourage cooperative learning, divide the students in the class into several study groups, and discuss and solve the problems encountered in the learning process in the groups. In this way, they can study independently and enhance the spirit of cooperation. Every student is an equal individual in the group and can express his opinions freely. The formation of good study habits does not happen overnight, but lies in the long-term unremitting efforts of teachers.

Five,

Cultivate the spirit of autonomous learning. As a learning quality, autonomy is very valuable. And we often ignore this. Some teachers are afraid that they can't finish the teaching task, and there is no disagreement in class, and students are not allowed to have abnormal ideas. For a long time, students lost their autonomy. To cultivate students' independent spirit, we should encourage students to speak boldly, express their opinions, refute others' opinions and argue with each other. When I was teaching a class in Jingyanggang, the school just sent a postcard to each student, which was a publicity card for "Protecting the Rare Animal-South China Tiger". After learning this lesson, I asked my classmates to talk about their own ideas. Most students think that Song Wu is a hero and worthy of admiration. At this time, a classmate said, "I don't admire Song Wu. Didn't the teacher say that tigers are rare animals and ask everyone to protect them? " Song Wu killed it. Do you still admire him? "This abnormal opinion immediately caused an uproar in the class. I guide everyone to continue the discussion and educate students to protect animals, ecology and environment in combination with school activities in a timely manner.

Six,

Teach the method of autonomous learning. Teachers can teach students some learning methods while guiding students to learn independently, which will achieve more satisfactory results. When students master these methods, they can use them more happily and effectively to acquire knowledge. The teaching of methods can be carried out independently, for example, when teaching students Chinese characters, it is only necessary to point out that the pronunciation, form and meaning of new words are mastered. It can also be taught in combination with the specific language environment, as follows: (1) Teachers teach students to process information by "helping". Primary school students, especially junior students, have limited ability to analyze problems and process information, so teachers should guide and help them to learn to sort them out item by item, and then comprehensively choose their favorite materials that are most relevant and useful to their subject content; (2) Teachers teach students to choose their own topics by "letting go". After the students have mastered certain methods such as doing experiments, searching materials and comparing synthesis, teachers can let the students choose their own topics and study some relatively simple problems independently. (3) Teachers teach students to take the initiative to master the methods of studying problems through the method of "guidance".