The original source of the basic principles of Marxism is Marxist philosophy. Marxism consists of three parts: first, Marxist philosophy, whose theoretical source is German classicism, and the representative figures are Hegel's idealist dialectics and Feuerbach's materialism. Second, the direct source of Marxist political economy represented by Adam Smith and david ricardo's labor creating value is classical political economy. Third, scientific socialism: its source is the European utopian socialism theory practiced by 19, and its representative figures are Simon, Fourier and Owen.

The emergence of Marxism is not accidental, but has a profound social and economic background and class roots. During the 65438-1940s, the capitalist mode of production gained a dominant position in advanced countries in Western Europe, such as Britain and France. The internal contradictions of capitalist society began to be exposed, and economic crises kept happening, which made it possible for people to understand the nature of capitalism and its development law scientifically.

During this period, the workers' movement flourished, and three major workers' movements broke out: the workers' uprising in Lyon, France, the Constitution Movement in Britain and the Silesia Weavers' Uprising in Germany. However, without the guidance of revolutionary theory, the proletariat is still unclear about its historical position and mission, which leads to the failure of the three major workers' movements, indicating that the proletariat urgently needs scientific theory to guide revolutionary practice, and the establishment of scientific socialist theory has become the requirement of the times and the necessity of historical development.

Marx and Engels personally participated in revolutionary practice, summed up the experience of revolutionary struggle, and absorbed all advanced ideas and outstanding achievements of mankind. In particular, German classical philosophy, British classical political economy and French utopian socialism are called the three major ideological sources of Marxism.

In German classical philosophy, Marx and Engels critically absorbed the "reasonable core" of Hegel's dialectics and the "basic core" of Feuerbach's materialism about the primary nature of matter and the secondary nature of consciousness, and founded debate materialism, and applied it to the study of social history, thus creating historical materialism. On the basis of studying the classical British political economists Adam Smith and david ricardo's theory that labor creates commodity value, they founded the "surplus value theory", which exposed the secret of capitalist exploitation of workers and formed Marxist political economy.