1. Perceive the content of the article, summarize the main content of the article, and sort out the ideas of the article.

2. Feel the basic characteristics of Shen Congwen's prose.

3. Try to compare the writing of Peach Blossom Spring with that of Taoyuan and Yuanzhou.

Teaching emphases and difficulties

1. Grasp the characteristics of Shen Congwen's prose.

2. Compare and read The Peach Blossom Garden and Taoyuan and Yuanzhou from the perspective of writing methods.

Class arrangement

1 class hour.

Media preparation

Multimedia equipment.

Preview requirements

1. Collect information: Learn about Tao Yuanming's life and collect famous sentences related to "Taoyuan".

2. Read some works by Shen Congwen after class.

teaching process

First, introduce the new course:

Play David Jiang's "Peach Blossom Garden" to stimulate students' interest in peach blossoms and Taoyuan. )

The second text of this unit is Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden. What kind of pure land does the work depict? The common sense of history and sociology tells us that the ideal society in the works does not exist in reality, but the place of Taoyuan does exist. The local scenery may not be worth mentioning in the eyes of local people, but it may be fragrant to outsiders. Today, let's walk into Taoyuan and Yuanzhou written by Mr. Shen Congwen and see if the charm of Tao Yuanming's works still exists in the author's works.

Second, the overall perception:

(1) Brief introduction of works and authors:

Shen Congwen (1902- 1988), a representative figure of Beijing school novels, was originally named Shen Yuehuan. He was born in the secluded and mysterious Fenghuang County in western Hunan, and he is of Miao and Han Tujia descent. /kloc-joined the army after graduating from high school at the age of 0/4, and saw the world was dark and disgusted. After being exposed to new literature, 1923 went to Beijing, but failed to enter the university. Embarrassed, he began to write under the pseudonym "Hugh Yun Yun". From 1930s, he began to construct his own "Xiangxi World" with novels, and completed a series of representative works such as Border Town and Long River. He examined the present situation of urban-rural confrontation at that time from the subjective perspective of "countryman" and criticized the ugliness of modern civilization in the process of entering China. This concept, which is contrary to the masters of new literature, greatly enriches the expression range of modern novels.

There are more than 80 books created by Shen Congwen in his life, which is the largest number of books among modern writers. Early novels include Oranges, After the Rain and Others, Love of the Witch and so on. The basic theme has been seen, but the urban and rural clues are still unclear. After 1930s, his creation was very mature. His novels mainly include Dragon Ball, Eight Horses and Dark Phoenix Collection. The novellas include Travel Notes of Alice China, Border Town and Long River, and the essays include Autobiography of Congwen, Ding Ling, Notes on Xiangxi, Xiangxi and Literary Theory.

From works to theory, Shen Congwen later completed his Xiangxi series, praising the beauty of human nature by describing the primitive and natural life forms of Xiangxi people; The beauty of rural life form and the synthesis of its critical structure and urban life form put forward his philosophy of "harmonious coexistence" between man and nature based on nature and returning to nature. The healthy and perfect human nature represented by "Xiangxi", a "beautiful, healthy and natural life form that does not contradict human nature", is exactly the content of all his creations.

(2) check the preview:

1, the implementation of listening and speaking of new words: explain and master in class in combination with the contents of Vocabulary Manual.

2. Summarize the general idea of the article. Ask the teacher to repeat, supplement and comment.

Third, the text discussion:

1, Shen Congwen vividly introduced the local products such as jade, eggs and tea in Taoyuan. How did he describe them?

-Clear: a realistic approach.

2. How to write about cutting trees in Taoyuan?

-wrote about boatmen and their living habits, etc ...

3. How many kinds of people live in Shui Yuan? What are their characteristics? What does the author want to express through the writer?

-Show human nature, praise Xiangxi people and eulogize Xiangxi folk customs. ...

4. Why do you want to tell the story of black on the city gate at the end of the selection? What role does this young man named Tang play in this story?

-Clear: A victim. Can be regarded as a progressive young man who dares to resist oppression. It embodies the nation's self-love, self-esteem and self-improvement, which has its value and function under the inevitable requirement of historical development. His final heroic sacrifice embodies the tragic consciousness hidden behind the nation's continuous self-improvement.

Fourth, expand the inquiry:

1, Discussion: Some people say that in Shen Congwen's works, we often see that "people's livelihood suffers from the love of' compassion for the people'". For example, young sailors on the Taoyuan River are in danger of being buried by rapids at any time. Even if he dies, it's a big deal for his employer to burn a few hundred dollars for the dead. How to understand this?

Clear: the wild and backward place in Xiangxi, the gradual degeneration of people's spirit, the pain of life, the distress of sailors, and so on, the author is not only angry, but guides readers to feel what kind of times life is suppressed by the worries of the real society, so that readers can explore this sinister life and living state with themselves from a historical perspective.

2. Xiangxi prose is narrative and artistic narrative. The author describes the mountains and rivers in western Hunan, and the natural scenery makes it have the cultural character of "painting". What is the most obvious performance in the text?

Clear: Section 6. Sima Changfeng said, "Shen Congwen used Qu Yuan to enhance the richness and luxury of Yuanjiang scenery, and at the same time used Lan Zhi of Yuanjiang to set off Qu Yuan's elegance and literary talent, so that people can combine with mountains and rivers, fragrant grass and poetic heart, history and modernity to express their fragrance." This pursuit and realm doomed Shen Congwen to have everyone's demeanor.

A comparative reading of verbs (short for verb);

There are a few lines in the Peach Blossom Garden: "Suddenly I met the Peach Blossom Forest, looking for a hundred steps on the shore, and there were no miscellaneous trees in it. The grass was full of fragrance and the colors were colorful ... After taking dozens of steps, I suddenly became enlightened. The land is flat and spacious, so is the house. There are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and bamboo. The traffic in the building is so busy that chickens and dogs hear each other. There were men and women dressed like strangers. My hair is drooping and I am happy. " It depicts a good place for us to be isolated from the world. Whether it is a scholar or a layman, most of them are thinking that they are so obsessed with God, squandering a lot of time and leisure troubles, indulging in sightseeing and leisure, and then calling it elegance. Is that so? Is it leisure or lightness, or loneliness? Please compare these two articles.

1, subject:

Peach Blossom Garden expresses Tao Yuanming's longing for a peaceful and peaceful life, reflects the people's desire to hate war and pursue a peaceful life, and shows the author's dissatisfaction with reality and yearning for an ideal society, as well as the strong contrast between the artistic conception of a peaceful and peaceful life and the dark society. Peach Blossom Spring is a spiritual sustenance of the author's dissatisfaction with reality. In Taoyuan and Yuanzhou, Shen Congwen preached the beauty and goodness of rural life and human nature. The simplicity of the people, the people's attention to labor, these beautiful spirits are worthy of praise.

2. Writing method:

Peach Blossom Garden: classical Chinese, narrative; Modern literature.

(1) Personalized language expression with "wildness"

Some "rustic" and the infiltration of folk language in the works make sailors "insult their ancestors", and "all kinds of strange words … use them to insult others when they grow up". Writing characters in this way is true, natural, simple, cordial and vivid.

(2) With the help of typical images.

The "Taoyuan Paddle", which is specially equipped with all kinds of guests, is light in hull and fast, and will not have an accident. It is destined to be a traffic weapon in the Yuanshui River Basin. The boat in Taoyuan could have been used as a symbolic object to attract people into the "Peach Garden Cave" Datong world, but here Shen Congwen revealed the role of the boat. In the Great Shui Yuan system, a boat is like a chess piece crossing a river, and its smallness and weakness are only appearances. When it is contained in the water system, it is the safest prince in the water, and the philosophy of life is worth pondering.

(3) The narrative mode of traditional biographies: one side of the soil and water nourish the other side.

In the process of describing Shui Yuan ships, Shen Congwen sometimes introduced fashion celebrities who were born on the banks of Shui Yuan, and practiced the traditional biographical narrative mode of "one side of the water and soil, one side of the people". Qu Yuan, who first appeared in Silhouette of Taoyuan, was introduced in a typical way, and the surnamed tang students who died heroically in resisting oppression were compared with the locals who idled all day.

Sixth, after-school development:

1, please introduce your collected poems about "Taoyuan":

The Taoyuan in the dream seems to be linked with the Peach Blossom Garden forever. It is an ancient legend, a fairyland on earth and an ideal "utopia". Taoyuan has always been praised by ancient poets and described by modern literati. Tao Yuanming's Taoyuan is a secluded place with lush grass and colorful English, and a paradise without knowledge of Han, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties. Tao Yuanming is intoxicated with the pastoral scenery of "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely", which naturally makes the world yearn for it. Following Tao Qian's willingness to plow here and write strange essays, many literati came to Taoyuan to travel and search, leaving countless ballads, such as:

Li Bai's poem "Taoyuan" describes Taoyuan in this way: "Crazy things happened in the former Qin Dynasty, and chickens and dogs were driven into peach blossoms. Up to now, Xikou is smokeless and has been flowing for ages. The dew is wet, the smoke is thick and the grass is new, and some running water is full of spring. The poor fisherman went back to Japan and saw no peach blossoms. "

Zhang Xu, who is known as the sage of grass, wrote these five poems: "The faint flying bridge is separated from the wild smoke, and the fishing boat is asked to fall in Shanxi." Peach blossoms follow the running water all day long. Where is the hole in Qingxi? "

Wang Shouren's Peach Blossom Cave, known as Mr. Yangming, said, "Where is Taoyuan? The deepest part of Xifeng. Fishermen in Mo Wen, stepping on flowers along the stream. "

2. Exchange information about "Taoyuan":

In reality, Taoyuan is not only famous for its Peach Blossom Garden, but also spread all over the country with the help of singers' songs. David Jiang's lyrical "Where Peach Blossoms Bloom" has aroused many people's reverie and inspired many border guards to "stay in the snowy frontier". A song "Peach Blossom Spring" fascinated countless listeners and touched countless tourists. "Spring breeze in March, miles of peach blossoms, trickling streams and stone roads. The path is covered with peach petals, and fishing boats float in the blue waves; The mountains are green and the water is blue. If you live in Taohuayuan for one night and twenty years, who doesn't envy Wu Lingren living in the middle of that painting! " The Peach Blossom Garden written by Mr. Shi Huangyuan, a famous freelance writer and local writer, is really fascinating with wonderful lyrics, fresh pictures, rich imagination and far-reaching artistic conception.

3. Appreciation of Taoyuan couplets:

There is a day in each of the 36 caves: Yuan Mingji, Wang Chuanxing, Taibai Preface, Changli Song, Qiao Ye and Yinye, all of whom are famous mountains and bosom friends;

Ask the world for 500 years? The deer died in Qin, the snake prospered in Han, Ding contended for Wei and divided Jin. Those who laugh at praise, sigh, sadness and crying are peach blossoms.

Appreciation of reference materials

Note [36 holes] Taoism says "36 holes in the sky". [Yuanming Ji] Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden. [Wang Chuanxing] Wang Wei's poem "Taoyuan Xing". Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, had a villa in Wangchuan, Lantian. Poetic lines: a genre of poetry. [Taibai Preface] Li Bai's Preface to the Spring Banquet in Peach Blossom Garden, some people say, refers to the Story of Peach Blossom Cave in Siweng, Seventeen Wengzhou. [Changli Song] Han Yu's poem "Peach Blossom Garden Map". Han Yu tried to call himself Changli, and the world called Han Changli. [500 years] It took Taiyuan more than 500 years from the Qin Dynasty to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. [Lu] "and? Biography of Kuai Tong: "Qin lost its deer, and the world chased it." "Snake Hanghan" "Historical Records? "The Legend of Emperor Gaozu" contains: Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang once killed a white snake in Toyota Ze. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei Shuwu was divided into three countries, and finally Wei unified China. [Divide Jin] The Western Jin Dynasty was destroyed by the Huns, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty was in a corner. At that time, there were many small countries that carved up the land of the Jin Dynasty, collectively known as sixteen countries. Bao Zhao's "Wu Cheng Fu" in the Southern Song Dynasty: "In and out of three generations, more than 500 years, melons split beans." [Tucao] A person who has learned from a painful experience. Taohuayuan is in the southwest of Taoyuan County, Hunan Province. Later generations attached the imaginary land of Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden to this place and became one of the scenic spots in China.

Appreciating this pair of couplets is always associated with "36 holes, one day", creating an unpredictable and illusory magical realm. Thirty-six caves used to be the place where immortals lived. Here they are used to describe the Peach Blossom Garden, which makes the wonderful, peaceful, quiet and free life in the Peach Blossom Garden vivid. Then, the author used four famous literary poets, Tao Yuanming, Wang Wei, Li Bai and Han Yu, to praise Taoyuan with their poems, expressing the author's yearning and pursuit of Taoyuan's ideal society. In history, countless people visited Taoyuan and wrote poems. The important reason why the author chose these four poets is that their experiences are similar and they are all frustrated people. They not only want to be "officials" for the court, but also care about mountains and rivers because their ideals cannot be realized; I am willing to be loyal to my country and not satisfied with the dark social reality. Contradictory psychology makes them especially yearn for a happy society in which everyone works and stands on his own feet. * * * *' s experiences and ideals make them become attached to mountains and rivers like fishermen, firewood travelers, hermits and immortals, and * * * is a "famous mountain confidant". In terms of expression, the author borrows anecdotes from previous generations of poets and blends them into the author's self-exclamation, which can arouse readers' resonance more than Taoyuan Society.

If the author of the first book highly praised Taoyuan Wonderland and highlighted its beauty, then the author of the second book accused the reality of war and highlighted its darkness. "What is the fate of this world in 500 years" has deleted the questions from Taoyuan people to Wuling fishermen in Peach Blossom Garden, and increased the realism of Taoyuan. The twelve words "Qin exterminated deer, Han prospered snake, Ding contended for Wei and divided Jin" show a historical picture. In five or six hundred years, after four dynasties of Qin, Han, Wei and Jin, the rise and fall of each dynasty was accompanied by continuous wars, which brought endless disasters to the people. Winners laugh, losers feel sad, and innocent people only cry. What a pity! This further sets off the beauty of Taoyuan, exposes the social status quo in which powerful people compete and cheat each other, and reflects the people's strong desire for light and freedom. Finally, the author expresses his disappointment and ridicule of the real society through personification and the mouth of "Peach Blossom".

Although this couplet is long, it has distinct levels and strong contrast. The upper and lower couplets lead to the following with the first sentence, which are in one go in chronological order, with ups and downs of feelings and neat antithesis. The allusions used in couplets are appropriate, and each sentence has allusions, but they are not obscure and piled up, which not only meets the requirements of little meaning in couplets, but also expresses a deeper artistic conception.

Seven. Teaching summary

1. Students talk about their experiences with the theme of Taohuayuan, Taoyuan and Yuanzhou.

2. Teacher's summary.

Eight, homework:

1, extract good words and sentences from the text.

2. Read Shen Congwen's "Border Town" or "Notes on Xiangxi" after class and complete a reading note of about 500 words.