(A) the guiding ideology of physical education curriculum teaching

1999 promulgated the "decision of the State Council central Committee on deepening education reform and promoting quality education in an all-round way", which clearly pointed out: "school physical education should establish the guiding ideology of health first." In the action plan of revitalizing education from 2003 to 2007, the Ministry of Education once again clearly emphasized that school physical education should adhere to the guiding ideology of "health first". Therefore, "health first" is the core guiding ideology of physical education curriculum teaching in colleges and universities in China.

(B) Physical education curriculum teaching objectives

In 2002, the Ministry of Education issued the "National Physical Education Curriculum Teaching Guidance Outline" (No.JIEC [2002]13), which put forward the basic goals and development goals of physical education curriculum in colleges and universities.

Basic objectives:

1. Sports participation goal: actively participate in various sports activities and basically form the habit of conscious exercise, basically form the consciousness of lifelong sports, be able to make a feasible personal exercise plan, and have a certain ability to appreciate sports culture.

2. Sports skill goal: master the basic methods and skills of more than two fitness exercises; Can carry out physical exercise scientifically and improve their sports ability; Master the treatment methods of common sports injuries.

3. Physical health goal: be able to test and evaluate physical health, and master the knowledge and methods to effectively improve physical fitness and comprehensively develop physical fitness; Can reasonably choose healthy and nutritious food needed by human body; Develop good behavior habits and form a healthy lifestyle; Have a healthy body.

4. Mental health goals: Set physical education learning goals according to their own abilities; Consciously improve mental state through sports activities, overcome psychological obstacles and develop a positive and optimistic attitude towards life; Adjust your emotions with appropriate methods; Experience the fun of sports and the feeling of success in sports.

5. Social adaptation goal: show good sports ethics and cooperative spirit; Correctly handle the relationship between competition and cooperation.

Development goals:

Development goals are set for some students who study well and have spare capacity, and can also be used as the goals of most students, which are divided into five aspects.

1. Sports participation goal: form good physical exercise habits; Be able to independently formulate fitness exercise prescriptions suitable for their own needs; Have a high level of sports culture accomplishment and appreciation.

2. Sports skill goal: actively improve the level of sports skills, develop their own sports talent, and reach or equal to the level of national athletes in a certain sport; You can take part in challenging outdoor activities and sports competitions.

3. Physical health goal: choose a good sports environment, develop physical fitness in an all-round way, improve your scientific exercise ability and keep fit.

4. Mental health goal: show brave and tenacious will quality in challenging sports environment.

5. Social adaptation goal: form good behavior habits, take the initiative to care about and actively participate in community sports affairs.

(2) Sleeping fast: it means sleeping soundly, sleeping fast, not affected by location and environment, and waking up full of energy and clear-headed, which fully embodies the integrity of the nervous system and the coordination of various organs. (3) Fast defecation: refers to regular defecation, no constipation and smooth excretion, indicating that the gastrointestinal function is intact and the autonomic nerve regulation function is normal. (4) Fast walking: refers to light walking, free walking and flexible activities, which fully embodies good physical strength, energy and normal cardiopulmonary function. (5) Fast speech: refers to speaking fluently, accurately and loudly, reflecting the normal neuromodulation function and the intact cardiopulmonary function. 2. The World Health Organization has also put forward the standard of 10 for individual health, which involves all aspects of body, mind and society, including: (1) energetic, able to undertake daily life and heavy work without feeling excessive tension and fatigue. (2) Optimistic, positive, willing to take responsibility, no matter big or small, not picky. (3) Be good at rest and have a good sleep. (4) Strong adaptability and adaptability to various changes in the external environment. (5) It can resist the common cold and infectious diseases. (6) Appropriate weight, well-proportioned figure, and coordinated head and shoulder position when standing. (7) Bright eyes and inflamed eyelids. (8) clean teeth, no dental caries, no pain, normal gum color, no bleeding. (9) The hair is shiny without dandruff. (10) Full muscles and elastic skin. (3) Physiological and health effects of exercise Because during exercise, not only the exercise organs are working, but also other organs and systems of the whole body are working nervously and harmoniously, such as the unified regulation of the nervous system, the delivery of oxygen and nutrients by the cardiovascular system, and the intake of fresh oxygen by the respiratory system. Therefore, adhering to proper aerobic exercise can effectively improve the functions of various systems of the body, thus producing good physiological health care effects. 1, the effect of moderate exercise on nervous system. The nervous system regulates various physiological activities of the human body. Proper physical exercise can not only improve the excitement of the central nervous system and the strength of neurites, but also make people bear greater stimulation and nerve pressure; It can also be that nerve cells get enough oxygen and nutrients, which can improve the flexibility, balance and comprehensive analysis ability of neural activities in cerebral cortex, effectively eliminate the fatigue caused by excessive brain use, adjust the nervous mood and mental stress of human body, and make the nervous system adjust the human body more accurately and quickly. In addition, exercise can also promote the function of human sensory organs, such as improving the width and breadth of visual field, the coordination and flexibility of eye muscles, and promoting the adjustment function of optic nerve; Improve the sensitivity of listening; Improve the accuracy of position perception in perceiving the space, orientation, height and speed of stimulation. 2. The influence of moderate exercise on cardiovascular system (1) The influence law on the heart and moderate physical exercise can not only increase the ventricular volume, enhance the myocardial muscle strength, thicken the ventricular wall, reduce the heart load, improve the myocardial oxygen supply (aerobic exercise) and the activities of various metabolic enzymes, but also increase the number of myocardial capillaries, increase the contractile protein and energy reserve of myocardial cells, thus improving the myocardial pumping function. (2) Influence on blood vessels Regular physical exercise can not only improve the thickness and distribution of blood vessels, but also increase the number of capillaries in skeletal muscle, enhance the material exchange ability between blood and tissues and organs, and increase the thickness and elasticity of arteriovenous vessels; It can also regulate the contraction and relaxation of blood vessels through the cerebral cortex, thereby lowering blood pressure and effectively preventing the occurrence of hypertension. In particular, endurance exercise can also reduce cholesterol in blood and increase the concentration of high-density lipoprotein (which has the function of removing lipid deposition on blood vessel wall), thus restoring blood vessel elasticity and preventing arteriosclerosis and hypertension. 3. The influence of moderate exercise on the exercise system (1) The influence of long-term scientific exercise can strengthen the metabolism of bones, and the growth, development and morphological structure of bones have undergone good changes, thus greatly improving the bending, flexing, compression and torsion performance of bones. (2) Influence on joints Long-term scientific exercise can thicken articular cartilage, tendon and ligament, and increase the ductility of joint capsule, ligament, tendon and surrounding muscles, thus improving the stability, flexibility, ductility and flexibility of joints, increasing the range of motion of joints and enhancing their athletic ability. (3) Influence on Muscles Long-term scientific physical exercise can not only thicken the muscle fibers of human skeletal muscles, increase the volume and strength of muscles, but also make the blood and energy supply of muscles more adequate, thus improving the working ability of muscles. 4. Effects of moderate exercise on respiratory system (1) Effects on respiratory muscles Long-term adherence to scientific physical exercise can enhance the contraction ability of respiratory muscles, increase the range of chest activities, deepen breathing, and improve the contraction and relaxation ability of diaphragm. (2) Influence on lung ventilation Regular scientific physical exercise can deepen people's breathing, inhale more oxygen and expel more carbon dioxide, thus increasing their vital capacity (referring to the amount of air exhaled after a deep breath), which can reach 5000 ml for men and 4000 ml for women; People who don't often take part in physical exercise have a vital capacity of 3500 ml for men and 2500 ml for women. Exercise increases lung ventilation and reduces gas remaining in the lungs, thus improving respiratory efficiency and enhancing lung function. 5. The influence of moderate exercise on digestive system (omitted). 6, moderate exercise on endocrine, urinary, reproductive, lymphatic system (omitted). (4) The mental health effect of exercise 1. The influence of moderate exercise on intelligence Regular physical exercise plays a positive role in ensuring the normal development of intelligence and developing the potential of the brain. Because when people are doing physical exercise, bioelectricity generated by muscle activity can stimulate cerebral cortex cells. The stronger this stimulus is, the more nerve cells are mobilized, which is more conducive to improving the flexibility, balance and comprehensive analysis ability of cell activities in the cerebral cortex, thus strengthening the function of the entire cerebral nervous system. Generally speaking, the influence of physical exercise on people's intellectual development is mainly manifested in the following three aspects: promoting the development and utilization of the brain; Slow down the brain stress response; Eliminate brain fatigue. 2. The influence of moderate exercise on emotions Regular physical exercise can help individuals to transfer unpleasant emotions and behaviors and get rid of troubles. Physical exercise helps to regulate mood. The reason is that you can experience the pleasure of exercise (that is, positive emotions such as satisfaction and pleasure after exercise) by participating in your favorite and appropriate physical exercise. Psychologists believe that moderate physical exercise can prompt the brain to release a substance called endorphin, which can make people feel comfortable and happy after exercise. 3. The influence of moderate exercise on the quality of will. The influence of moderate exercise on interpersonal relationship 5. The influence of moderate exercise on self-concept and personality 6. The therapeutic effect of moderate exercise on depression and anxiety: exercise can relieve depression; Exercise can reduce anxiety level.