According to the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on the 6th, on June 6th, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security launched the special campaign of 100-day conscription in 2023. The following small series takes Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security to launch the 100-day recruitment special action, which is of great benefit to you. Let's have a look.
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security launched a recruitment campaign for 100 days.
With the theme of "Career Guidance Facing the Future and Realizing Youth", we will use 100 days to provide more than10 million jobs for college graduates and other groups to help college graduates and all kinds of workers find jobs.
Analysis report on the employment situation of college students
After the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities in China, it is an indisputable phenomenon that it is difficult for college students to find jobs, and it may become more and more difficult. This aspect has been impacted by the international economic form in the past three years. On the one hand, it is related to the backward economic structure system and education reform in China, and more importantly, it is related to the backward employment concept of college students today. In view of this social phenomenon, the survey covers the South China Normal University 17 department, including normal and non-normal undergraduates. * * * 580 questionnaires were distributed, and 547 questionnaires were actually distributed, with recovery rates of 94% and 3% respectively. The survey documents are answered in three ways: single choice, indefinite choice and subjective question. These problems involve college students' employment expectation, self-evaluation of employment quality, employment guidance in colleges and universities, factors affecting job selection and employment, etc. The purpose of this paper is to make an empirical study on the problems related to college students' employment expectation and actual employment, and to provide information and countermeasures for employment guidance and talent training in colleges and universities.
The survey results show several problems:
First, most students have a new understanding of "pragmatism" and their employment expectations tend to be realistic, mainly in their work units and fields.
(1) Employment direction: Employment before choosing a job becomes the first choice.
The top three priorities of college students' career orientation are "employment before choosing a job", "choosing a job before choosing a job" and "continuing education", which are 465, 438+0.76%, 28.57% and 27.84% respectively. The survey shows that most students show unique self-confidence and maturity in the face of employment pressure.
In the choice of this question, the phenomenon worthy of special attention is "further study", accounting for 27.84%. More than a quarter of students want to continue their studies, and this trend has lasted for a long time in recent years, and it is getting worse. The reasons are as follows: firstly, the influence of knowledge economy era and the improvement of talent quality requirements; Second, the employment competition is fierce, and superior occupations need excellent high-level talents; Third, psychological factors, some college students in order to alleviate the employment pressure, to avoid immediate employment and other factors. This phenomenon deserves careful analysis and study. What are its advantages and disadvantages? Its advantage lies in relieving the pressure of employment, promoting the improvement of talents' quality, improving the talent structure in China and enhancing the scientific and technological strength and international competitiveness of senior talents in China. What worries us is that it reflects the lack of psychological quality of college students and the lack of social pressure tolerance. Faced with fierce social competition, a considerable number of college students choose to avoid, and their career expectations tend to be "risk-free". This phenomenon can also be seen from students' evaluation of employment prospects, as shown in _ _1. 22.92% students are "not optimistic" about their employment prospects. In addition to objective and realistic factors, there are many psychological quality factors of students. It can be seen that it is necessary for colleges and universities to strengthen employment guidance and psychological counseling.
(2) Employment orientation: economically developed areas are preferred for employment areas.
The survey results show that 66.54% students choose economically developed areas when choosing employment areas. This explains two problems: first, in addition to considerable work benefits, economically developed areas are more convenient to connect with the international community and can provide employees with more opportunities for further study and improvement, which is closely related to the needs of students for "self-development" and "self-realization". Second, the employment opportunities in economically developed areas are higher than those in other underdeveloped areas, and the diversification of jobs is an important reason for attracting students.
(3) Professional value: practical and willing to work, combined with professional characteristics.
Students in normal universities tend to be "schools or scientific research institutions" and "institutions or institutions" when choosing jobs.
Second, the factors affecting students' employment are outstanding.
(1) In terms of professional value standards, most students take "salary and welfare" and "realizing self-worth" as key considerations. The two accounts for 36.62% and 26% respectively, which are consistent with the factors considered by students in actual employment, that is, salary and the embodiment of personal value and ability are the key considerations. The survey shows that students' employment is not only affected by salary, but also the personal factors in life values are very prominent. However, students pay more attention to personal factors and less attention to social needs when making life choices, and even when pursuing self-realization, it reflects that they mainly emphasize "self" rather than "social" needs. The advantages and disadvantages of this phenomenon deserve our study and consideration.
(2) In the process of employment, 44% of students think that "experience and practical ability" are the most important factors. While "education", "graduated school or major" and "applied skills" account for 10.48%, 10.34% and 12.69% respectively. This may be related to the requirements of employers in recruitment.
Third, most students have a clear understanding of the evaluation of employment quality and their own advantages and disadvantages.
(1) The advantages of most students are "theoretical basis" and "normal skills".
(2) More than half of the students think that their "practical ability" and "competition and risk awareness" are at a disadvantage, reaching 33%, 07% and 30%, 69% respectively; Among the qualities that students think are most lacking, "innovative ability", "practical ability" and "professional knowledge and skills" are included in the first three choices. The general reason may be that on the one hand, knowledge is updated quickly, knowledge is deeper and wider, and professional quality is more and more comprehensive; On the other hand, the backward school education and the unreasonable knowledge structure of education generally make college graduates feel stressed, uncomfortable and lack confidence in their knowledge and skills. On the other hand, the psychological quality of students who dare to challenge has not yet formed; In the cultivation of innovation ability, there is more talk than action, and the coverage of cultivation is relatively narrow, mainly due to the lack of cultivation environment. In addition to improving students' professional knowledge, how to improve students' psychological quality of challenge and cultivate students' innovative ability will also become two major topics of employment guidance in colleges and universities.
4. At present, the employment guidance in colleges and universities is out of balance with students' needs.
(1) More than half of the students reported that they were "dissatisfied" with the students' employment guidance.
(2) When students "hope that the school will give guidance and help to college students in employment and success",
48% and 96% students choose to provide more practical opportunities, and "strengthening the cultivation of innovative ability" and "paying attention to social ability guidance" also occupy a certain weight. Starting from the national policy and practical needs, students need to change from the concept of employment to the concept of entrepreneurship. In the survey, students think that "cultivating the spirit of independent entrepreneurship" is the key to change college students' employment concept (accounting for 3421%); And "strengthening employment guidance in colleges and universities" and "other factors" also account for a large proportion. In view of the current employment guidance work in colleges and universities, it is basically limited to service work such as information release, policy propaganda, skill training and agreement handling. The research holds that the employment navigation system should cover the whole process of university education. At present, the employment guidance centers in most colleges and universities are mainly facing the graduating class, but at this time, most of them have the regret of "hating fewer books when using them". Employment guidance needs to radiate from graduating class to junior students and run through the whole process of university education. Specifically, the employment navigation system should cover the navigation of professional knowledge and skills, such as the guidance of learning methods, the introduction of new ideas and concepts, and helping individuals improve their knowledge structure. Health navigation, through the implementation of pairing service, psychological counseling, exchange and discussion, to solve the psychological problems that may arise in the process of college students' employment and personal growth; Legal navigation, popularize legal knowledge, strengthen the awareness of the rule of law, and guide the awareness of integrity.
Judging from the problems reflected in the survey, there is still room for further study and improvement to further standardize the management of students' employment guidance in our school, especially how to effectively integrate employment guidance into the overall work track of teaching and educating people in our school.
Top Ten Best Employment Prospects in 2023
1, major in architecture
Although the real estate industry is facing a series of pressures recently, with the increase of national and local investment in infrastructure, the employment prospects of graduates majoring in architecture and real estate are still optimistic.
Especially in the past two years, road and bridge construction and other related majors began to heat up, which made the road and bridge planning institute sell. According to the employer, this is mainly related to the upgrading of manufacturing industry and the current increase in urban infrastructure construction. The upgrading of manufacturing industry urgently needs fresh blood, and the strengthening of infrastructure construction urgently needs professionals.
2. Medical major
With the deepening of medical system reform, there will be more and more private hospitals, which will make medical students more sought after. Moreover, due to the increasing pressure of people's work and life, the prevalence rate is getting higher and higher, and the existing medical system can not fully meet the needs of society, which has formed a seller's market in the medical industry. So medical professionals will become more and more popular. According to the analysis of relevant departments, talents engaged in gerontology will be in great demand in the future, and health care doctors and family nurses will also become hot talents. In addition, the demand for nursing staff specializing in personal services will also increase.
3. Art major
Traditional art and computer technology, industry, architecture, management and other disciplines constantly cross, resulting in many new majors, which have correspondingly become hot topics in recent years. At present, there is a shortage of professionals in advertising design, industrial design, architectural design, environmental art design, public relations planning, animation production, game planning and game design.
Art specialty is developing in the direction of multidisciplinary integration, and the application scope of practical art is getting wider and wider. If you don't understand physics and architecture, you can't engage in architectural and decoration design; You can't make digital audio-visual works without knowing computers. The employment pressure of "lame" graduates who are seriously lacking in cultural courses is bound to be great.
4, pure literature, science major
It is difficult for liberal arts graduates (such as literature, history and philosophy majors) to find jobs. Due to the limited social demand for such talents, and the lack of professional skills and great substitution of such disciplines, the employment of these professional students is limited. The same problem also appears in pure science graduates who focus on basic research.
Therefore, students majoring in liberal arts should not only master the skills of copywriting, but also master other skills, such as computer knowledge, economic knowledge, foreign languages and so on. In order to be competent for the relatively demanding work in the future.
In the process of choosing a job, we should not only pay attention to the traditional job-seeking projects, such as administrative assistant and secretarial work, but also pay attention to the demand for talents in media, publishing, advertising and marketing, and liberal arts students are more dominant. For students majoring in pure science who do basic subject research, if they are good at accumulation at ordinary times, they also have acquired advantages in popular industries: solid basic skills and fast start. Graduates of these majors can also turn to related hot spots, such as IT, finance, education and other industries.
5. Normal major
The survey shows that the stability and autonomy of work and rising wages make teachers one of the most popular occupations. Judging from the employment situation in big cities, the supply and demand of normal students tend to be balanced, but it can not be ignored that the central and western regions of China are facing the reality of lack of high-quality teachers and lack of basic education system, and the teacher posts in big cities tend to be saturated and cannot accept a large number of graduates. Therefore, the employment of the general education system faces greater competition and pressure. In recent two or three years, capital cities in the central and western regions and second-tier or even third-tier cities in some economically developed areas have become hot spots for normal graduates to apply for jobs.
6. Foreign Language Major
With the deepening communication between China and the world, especially after the Shanghai World Expo, there is a strong demand for foreign language talents in China, so it should be said that their employment prospects are optimistic. Judging from the demand situation in recent years, the largest demand is English and Japanese.
In addition, Russian, German, French, Spanish and Italian are also in great demand. Graduates of these languages are more likely to find jobs, and high-level foreign language talents are in short supply. Some experts predict that small languages will become popular.
In recent years, the destination of foreign language graduates has been completely diversified. In addition to traditional foreign affairs, more and more graduates are employed in finance, communication, media, consulting, sports, logistics and other fields. The expansion of the employment field undoubtedly means an increase in employment opportunities. Those foreign language graduates with a solid language foundation and knowledge background in finance, law, economy and trade, diplomacy, journalism and Chinese have met the social demand for compound talents and directly promoted the reform of foreign language talent training mode.
7. Law major
From the recruitment of national civil servants in recent years, we can know that the demand for law graduates by government departments is still strong.
In terms of absolute quantity, there is a great demand for talents in this major in China, especially those in foreign-related majors. Legislations, administrative organs, judicial organs and arbitration institutions recruit law students from fresh graduates every year, and enterprises pay more and more attention to legal professionals. China's lawyer industry is in urgent need of a large number of high-quality lawyers.
However, in recent years, the employment pressure of law graduates is quite great: first, the society has higher and higher requirements for law graduates' academic qualifications; Second, the number of graduates in this major has surged. Therefore, the employment situation of law graduates in recent years is not optimistic, and this situation will continue for some time. Graduate students majoring in law will also face certain employment pressure. Taking the judicial examination and obtaining the qualification certificate will become * * * knowledge.
8. Agriculture and Forestry Major
In recent years, the state has attached great importance to agriculture and continuously increased investment. In addition, the news of "good" policies continues. The strategic adjustment of industrial structure and people's concern for the living environment have brought dawn to the development of agriculture and forestry specialty. Therefore, although the overall employment situation of graduates majoring in agriculture and forestry is not as good as that of other majors, it can be seen that graduates majoring in agriculture and forestry will become more and more popular in the next few years.
Agriculture and forestry majors have different social needs. It is important to choose a promising major. In the future, there will be more demand for agricultural economy, animal husbandry, veterinary medicine, animal nutrition and feed processing, wood processing, furniture design and manufacturing, forest roads and bridges, gardens, forest products, chemical industry and so on.
In addition, graduates majoring in agriculture and forestry have another broad road to employment, that is, starting businesses at the grassroots level in rural areas. Going to the grassroots to operate independently and actively starting a business can also realize self-worth, which is more challenging and creative.
9. Mechanical major
Most mechanical graduates still "sell well" in the talent market. In recent years, the state has stepped up efforts to strengthen the equipment manufacturing industry. In view of the importance and huge scale of machinery industry, a huge professional team is needed. The demand for mechanical talents in the future society is still great. Numerical control talents with development ability will become the object of competition among enterprises, and the demand for mechanical design, manufacturing and processing professionals is also in short supply in recent years.
Judging from the development of the current machinery industry, the main products such as printing machinery, CNC machine tools, power generation equipment and construction machinery are still promising. In addition to these traditional industrial fields, the industry will further develop into electromechanical integration and expand into emerging fields such as light processing and environmental protection.
10, major in economics
In the income survey, the overall salary level of the financial industry always ranks in the top among many industries, and the financial industry attracts talents with high salaries. This is related to the talent demand of the financial industry and its constantly adjusted value-added services. Some emerging financial service institutions have gradually become big buyers of financial talents.
Graduates majoring in economics, especially finance and accounting, should keep pace with the times, be familiar with international accounting and business practices, have the necessary knowledge of international social and cultural background, constantly broaden their horizons, base themselves on new fields of modern market economy, master new knowledge of modern management, and gradually cultivate themselves into compound talents who know how to operate and manage. In addition to mastering the daily business, students should also seriously study the knowledge of finance, finance, taxation, auditing and statistics related to their majors, and strive to improve their ability to predict, make decisions, control and resist risks, improve the quality of financial decisions such as investment and financing, and improve their management level. In short, students of these majors will have more choices in the future. In addition to the well-known accounting, auditing, taxation and other work, there are many fields of employment.