Lessing (1729.01.22 ~1781.02.15) was born in Saxony, Germany, and graduated from Leipzig University. He is a German dramatist, literary critic and aesthete.
Johann christoph friedrich von schiller (1759165438+10-1May 9, 805), commonly known as Friedrich Schiller, was a famous German poet, philosopher, historian and playwright in the18th century. Schiller, a famous Rush Movement, is recognized as a great writer in the history of German literature, and his position is second only to Goethe, which is rare in the history of German literature. The lyricist of Ode to Joy, a close friend of Goethe, was buried with Goethe after his death.
2. German city of augsburg
The most striking feature of Bundesliga is the great difference between East and West. It turns out that there are only two teams in East Germany, RB Leipzig and Berlin United (Hertha Berlin is in West Berlin and belongs to West Germany), which only accounts for one-ninth of the Bundesliga territory. In sharp contrast, North Rhine-westfalen, an economically developed state in western Germany, has six Bundesliga teams (Schalke 04, Dortmund, M? nchengladbach, Leverkusen, Cologne, bielefeld), accounting for one third of the Bundesliga, which stands out among German states.
Bundesliga Club in North Rhine-westfalen
If North Rhine-westfalen sounds a little strange, Ruhr will be more familiar, and schools in China will know this world-famous industrial company area. There are two Bundesliga teams in Ruhr. One is Schalke 04 in Gelsenkirchen in northern Ruhr. Schalke 04 is often called a miner, because Gelsenkirchen was once a coal mine center in Europe. Fielding Arena, the current home of Schalke 04s (formerly known as Olcu Schalke Stadium, which was awarded to the famous German brewery wilting in 2005), was built in a coal mine, and its retractable roof can completely enclose the stadium, so the design is extremely exquisite.
Feltins Arena in Gelsenkirchen
Another team composed of Ruhr Derby and Schalke 04 is located in Dortmund south of Ruhr, also named Dortmund. Dortmund, to be exact. Borussia is Latin and in English it means Prussia. This is the time when the team was founded, indicating that it belongs to the Prussian kingdom of the Second Reich of Germany (there are Bavaria, Wü rttemberg, some principalities and free cities in the empire). Dortmund's home court-Siegneduna Park Stadium is located in the south of the city. Its former name, westfalen Stadium, also commemorates the province of Westphalia in the former Prussian kingdom.
Siegneiduna Park Stadium in Dortmund
In addition to the Ruhr derby with Schalke 04 and the German national derby with Bayern Munich, Dortmund also formed the Prussian derby with M? nchengladbach of North Rhine-westfalen. This is because the name of the club in M? nchengladbach also includes Prussia, and their home stadium is called Prussia Park Stadium. This stadium, built in 2004, is located in the west of M? nchengladbach, and there are many farmlands nearby.
Prussian Park Stadium in gladbach.
The biopharmaceutical industry in developed North Rhine-westfalen is also booming. Leverkusen Club is a pharmaceutical factory, located in Leverkusen motorcade on the east bank of Rhine River, founded by Bayer Company. During World War II, the city was strategically bombed by the British and American allied forces. At present, Bayer's main fields are medical care and chemical products, the most famous product is aspirin, and Bayer Stadium is also the home of Bayer Leverkusen. Bayer Stadium was put into use in 1958, and was renovated and rebuilt on a large scale in 1997 and 2009.
Bayer Stadium in Leverkusen on the east bank of the Rhine.
Along the Rhine River, Cologne, south of Leverkusen, is the largest city in North Rhine-westfalen. Cologne was also severely damaged during World War II, but it was rebuilt after the war without introducing modern skyscrapers, so that Cologne retained the landscape of German classical period. The Cologne Club here was once the founder and the first champion of the German Football League (1963/64 season). The Rhine Energy Stadium, the home of Cologne Club, is located in the western suburb of the city. Built in 1923, the Cologne fortress was demolished at the original site. So to some extent, the stadium is also the product of the Treaty of Versailles.
Rhine Energy Stadium in Cologne
The Sixth Club of North Rhine-westfalen is located in the northern city of bielefeld, between two ridges of Teutonburg forest. The Germans once defeated the powerful Roman legion nearby, so it has a maritime climate because it is closer to the North Sea. Bielefeld is a newly promoted horse this season. The home of the club-Xuge Arena is located in the west of the city, and Teutonic Forest is not far from the southwest.
The Xuge Arena in bielefeld
In addition to North Rhine-westfalen with six Bundesliga teams, Baden-Wü rttemberg with three Bundesliga teams (Frejborg, Hoffenheim and Stuttgart) ranked second. This state is located in southwest Germany, with the third population and the third area.
Freiburg, located in the southwest of Baden-Wü rttemberg (and therefore the southwest of Germany), is the core producing area of Baden wine, with warm climate and bright sunshine. In the east of the city, there is a famous black forest in Germany, with a large area of pine and fir trees. Because the leaves are dark and the forest is dense, it is dark green from a distance, so it is called black forest, and because the forest is located on the undulating mountains, it is also called black forest mountain. Therefore, the home of the Freiburg Club, which is also located in the east of the city, is called the Black Forest Stadium, and the northern part of the stadium is a part of the Black Forest, although it is mainly an economic forest rather than a virgin forest.
Black Forest Stadium in Freiburg.
Hoffenheim Club is located in Sinsheim Town, hence the nickname Huocun. There is not only the Hoffenheim Club in this town, but also an automobile and technology museum in the east of the club. This museum is famous for exhibiting many planes, including the famous supersonic passenger plane Concorde, which can be seen from the satellite map. Hoffenheim's home stadium was originally named Rhine-Neckar Stadium according to the region, and now it is named PreZeroArena according to the sponsor.
Hoffenheim Club in Sinheim.
Stuttgart is the capital and largest city of Baden-Wü rttemberg. There are not only the newly promoted Stuttgart Football Club this season, but also the European Command of the United States. The history of middle school learning in Marshall Plan was also put forward in an opera house in Stuttgart. Mercedes-Benz and Porsche are headquartered in Stuttgart. Naturally, the Mercedes-Benz Arena in Stuttgart, USA, is located on the north bank of Neika River, a tributary of the Rhine River.
Mercedes-Benz Arena in Stuttgart
Although Stuttgart's strength is average, they still form a derby in southern Germany with the powerful Bayern Munich, partly because Munich is the capital of Bavaria, the largest state in southeastern Germany, and the confrontation between capital teams is very interesting. Munich is not only the largest city in Bavaria, but also the third largest city in Germany. It is also famous for hosting the 1972 Summer Olympic Games. The headquarters of Siemens, BMW and Allianz are all in Munich, and Allianz also named the home of Bayern Munich-Allianz Stadium. Allianz Stadium, which was built in 2005, is located in the wilderness in the north of the city, close to 10 km from the city center, and there is no large-scale development nearby.
Allianz Stadium in Bayern Munich
Bayern is an ancient translation of Bavaria. Besides Bayern Munich, Bavaria now has another Bundesliga team, augsburg. Augsburg, where augsburg Club is located, is an ancient city. Its name comes from the Augustus-Wendeli Corum Barracks established during the reign of the Roman emperor Octavian in BC 15. The name of this barracks comes from Octavian's title Augustus. WWK Arena is the home of augsburg Club, located in the farmland in the southern suburbs of the city. Formerly known as augsburg Arena, it has been renamed many times. The current property right provider WWK is a German insurance company.
WWK Arena in augsburg
Like Bavaria, Berlin has two Bundesliga teams. Hertha Berlin is located in the northwest of Berlin and belonged to West Berlin during the Cold War. In the east, Berlin Union is located on the north bank of Spree River in the southeast suburb of Berlin. Relatively speaking, the Olympic Stadium in Hertha, Berlin is closer to the city center (Museum Island) than the Old Forest House Stadium of Berlin Union.
Hertha Berlin and Berlin Union
The Olympic Stadium in Hertha, Berlin inherited the Imperial Stadium in Nazi Germany. It is the main stadium of the 1936 Summer Olympic Games and the final venue of the 2006 World Cup. Its architecture is magnificent. In contrast, the Berlin Union was suppressed by Dynamo Berlin in East Germany for a long time. Its main stadium, the stadium near the old forest bureau, is a professional football field, but its scale is relatively small, with only more than 20 thousand seats, including a considerable number of standing seats. From the satellite map, you can also see the significant size difference between the two stadiums.
Another Bundesliga team in the former East Germany was RBLeipzig in Leipzig, Saxony, but this club was newly established in 2009 and did not exist in the East Germany period. Leipzig is located in the basin where the three rivers meet, and RBLeipzig, the main stadium in the United States, is located on the east bank of Baique River in the west of the city. It is worth mentioning that the Red Bull Arena was built in the former East Germany Central Stadium, so it is also called the stadium in the stadium.
Red Bull Arena in Leipzig, RB
There were only two Bundesliga teams in former East Germany, but the closest Bundesliga club in former West Germany was Wolfsburg. Wolfsburg, where the Wolfsburg Club is located, is located in the easternmost part of Lower Saxony, with a population of only 65,438+10,000. However, it is a motor city and the headquarters of Volkswagen. Because of the developed automobile industry, the annual per capita income in Wolfsburg is among the best in Germany, reaching $65,438+2,000. Volkswagen is also the name of the Wolfsburg club. The stadium is located in the north of the canal in central Germany and south of the Aarhur River, with the Volkswagen Museum in the west and the water park in the east.
Volkswagen Stadium in Wolfsburg
Lower Saxony, where Wolfsburg is located, is located in the south of Hesse, and Frankfurt, the largest city in the state, also has a Bundesliga club. Note that there are two Frankfurt cities in Germany, one is Frankfurt am Main and the other is Frankfurt am Oder on the German-Polish border, located in Brandenburg. The city of Frankfurt is built along the Main River, and the Commercial Bank Arena, the home of Frankfurt Club, is located in the southern suburbs of the city, surrounded by Zhou Lin.
Commercial Bank Arena in Frankfurt
Mainz, the capital and largest city of Rhine-Pfalcz, is located at the intersection of the Main River and the Rhine River and travels southwest along the Main River. Mainz also has a Bundesliga team, Mainz Club (almost all Bundesliga clubs have the same name as this city). The Opel Arena, the main venue of the club, is located in the western suburbs of the city, surrounded by farmland. Most of the stadiums are located in the outer suburbs of the city, which is also a major feature of the Bundesliga club. In addition, Opel Arena is the third stadium named by the Bundesliga (the other two are Volkswagen Arena and Mercedes-Benz Arena), which is second to none in the five major leagues, which also shows that the German automobile industry is very developed.
Opel Arena in Mainz
Finally, Werder Bremen, the northernmost team in the Bundesliga, is located in Bremen. Bremen is the second largest port city in Germany and one of the earliest cities in Germany to trade with China. Bremen in Hanseatic City 186 1 The year when the Qing government signed the Sino-German trade treaty with Prussia is the ancient name of Bremen in Hanseatic language. Weatheriver, which flows to the North Sea, flows through Bremen, so Werder Bremen's hometown is named Witherstadion. Weatherstadion is located in the southeast of Bremen, on the north bank of the Wilshire River, and the training base is next to the stadium.
Witherstein of Bremen
Generally speaking, 18 Bundesliga clubs are only distributed in nine German states, and there are no Bundesliga teams in six state-level administrative regions such as Schleswig-Holstein, mecklenburg-Prebomri, Hamburg, Saarland, Saxony-anhalt, Thuringia and Brandenburg.
3. University of Augsburg, Germany
German University Rankings 1 technical university of munich 2 University of Freiburg 3 University of Leipzig 4 University of Humboldt Berlin 5 University of Constance 6 University of Munich 7 University of Heidelberg 8 University of Stuttgart 9 University of Tubingen 10 University of Augsburg10/Mannheim University 12 University of Kayeslautern 13. +05 University of Mü nster 16 University of Salle 17 University of Bonn 18 Agency University of Starr 19 Dresden University of Technology 20 University of Marburg 2 1 University of Regensburg 22 University 23 University of chemnitz 24 University of Ireland-Norburg 25 University of G? ttingen 26 University of Cologne 27 University of Mainz 28 University of Trier 29 University of Aachen 30 1 Kiel University 32 University of Technology Berlin 33 University of Brunswick 34 University of Frankfurt 35 University of Hamburg 3 University of Bochum 37 University of Dü sseldorf 38 University of Giemsen 39 University of Hanover 40 University of Bielefeld 4 1 Duisburg-
4. Where is augsburg?
Dusseldorf Hanover baden-baden Potsdam Fribourg Wilbourg augsburg koblenz Lubeck prim Pasok Dresden Frankfurt Fu Sen Heidelberg Hamburg Cologne Leipzig Munich Stuttgart Trier offenbach Nuremberg
5. World ranking of the University of Augsburg, Germany
According to the ranking of German universities this year, the best is the HPI College of Potsdam University founded by the founder of SAP. The Big Four: Aachen, Munich, darmstadt and Karlsruhe are also good. But most universities do not specialize in software engineering, but in computer science. If you want to specialize in software engineering, the software engineering of the University of Augsburg is an elite major, so you can consider it.
Domestically, we should consider the issue of credit conversion, because the courses and credit calculation methods on both sides are different, and there may be insufficient undergraduate credits. But it can usually be solved. Every university has different requirements for grades, with an average score of 80 to 85. German is taught in 0/00% universities in Germany/KLOC, so you must know German. Generally speaking, at least C 1 is required, which is higher than Telford and APS, but the most important oral English level is not enough. Up to now, I haven't met anyone whose German is up to standard directly from China. Generally, it takes at least half a year to a year to make up oral English. A total of * * * two years of master's degree and one year of language supplement, the result can be imagined. I suggest you take a language class in Germany for a while before going to graduate school.
6. How about the University of Augsburg in Germany?
1, Humboldt University of Huberlin 2, Uni Bonn University 3, Uni Konstanz University 4, Uni Manheim University 5, Uni Muenheim University 6, Uni Augsburg University 7, Uni Bamberg University 8, Uni Bayreuther Ruu University 9, Free University of Fuberlin 10 Technical University of Tbilisi1kloc-.
7. How many kilometers are there between augsburg and Hamburg?
It may have something to do with Munich being occupied by American troops after World War II. Other occupying powers, Britain, France and the Soviet Union, were all a little poor and crazy at that time, and they were all a little vicious. Moreover, he suffered huge losses in the war and was very vindictive. Comparatively speaking, life in American occupied areas is better. So German capitalists fled to Munich, such as Siemens, such as Dresden Bank. The poor are close behind, because there are many employment opportunities there. As a result, Munich's American status rose all the way, overwhelming Hamburg and Cologne, and comprehensively crushing Berlin. Who told them it was unlucky?
During World War II, Munich was bombed by allied forces more than 60 times, and most of the urban area was destroyed. Now the new look of the ancient city is built according to the original appearance of the post-war ancient buildings. After the war, Munich quickly came back to life, once again leading the development of science and technology in Germany and becoming an important modern industrial center in Germany. There are mainly electronic appliances, optical equipment, automobile manufacturing, beer brewing, aerospace, military and other industrial sectors.
Siemens produces all kinds of products here, from automobile electrical system to factory control system, from motor to power station, from telephone to satellite tracking system, accounting for more than one-fifth of the global electronic instrument and integrated circuit market.
Munich High-tech Industrial Park was founded in the mid-1980s, and now it has become one of the top ten high-tech industrial parks in the world. It is also the most prominent science and technology park in Germany to encourage the development of high-tech entrepreneurship. There used to be more than 600 companies producing electronic components and electronic systems here, which is recognized as a new landmark in Munich.
Munich High-tech Industrial Park takes high-tech multinational companies as the core, and mainly develops high-end manufacturing, laser technology, nanotechnology, biotechnology and other emerging industries. It has strong competitiveness all over the world, so it is known as the Silicon Valley city of Germany.
Munich is not only deeply related to World War II, but also the host city of 1972 Olympic Games. Munich Metropolitan Area, which consists of augsburg, Ingolstadt, Lanxiute and other cities, is one of the German 1 1 metropolitan areas with a total population of over 5 million, accounting for half of Bavaria's total GDP.
Even if Munich is singled out, its economic strength should not be underestimated. The data shows that the total GDP of Munich in 20 19 exceeded130 billion US dollars, which is likely to exceed that of Hamburg. If Munich is in China, it is similar to Xi 'an, such as Annan, Nantong and Fuzhou.
8. Where is augsburg?
Blackett (1898- 1956), a famous German modern dramatist and poet, founded epic plays, which have attracted wide attention in the world theatre since 1930s.
Brecht was born in the home of a paper mill owner in augsburg, and his bourgeois family life has long aroused his disgust. 19 18 Before the end of World War I, as a student of Mingxing Medical College, he was forced to enter the field hospital to care for the wounded. One day, playing the guitar, he sang an appalling song "Legend of the Dead Soldiers" to the wounded. Folk songs tell a bizarre story. A dead soldier was dug out of his grave and sent back to the front with the cheers of enthusiastic townspeople, surrounded by gentlemen, priests and medical staff. Brecht insinuated that things such as loving the motherland and heroic sacrifice were spread by German imperialism, attacked the nationalist fanaticism prevailing in Germany at that time, and accused the imperialist war.
9. augsburg Conservatory of Music.
Beethoven had seven pianos in his life. These seven pianos also witnessed the development of piano manufacturing industry.
Frame 1: Stan (1786)
When Beethoven lived in Bern, he visited the Stein Piano Workshop in augsburg at that time and knew Stein's piano making techniques like the back of his hand. This piano is light and clear. But touching the keys feels like a harpsichord. Even if you hit the keyboard hard, it won't get louder.
Second: Walter (1795) Beethoven (1792) came to Vienna and was quickly praised by Anton Walter's piano. The percussion instrument of this piano bounces faster and the soundboard is bigger. The new changes make the piano sound more brilliant and loud.
The third picture: Elad (1803)
Although many piano factories in Vienna provided Beethoven with their own pianos. But the promising young Beethoven decided to buy himself a piano.
This piano spans five and a half octaves and has a bass separation bridge and four pedals. The timbre of this piano is richer than that of Vienna at that time.
Frame 4: Fritz (18 1 1)
Fritz piano was one of the best pianos in Vienna at that time. It has six octaves. It has two-string bass, midrange, three-string treble and four pedals. The soundboard is very thin and the bridge is divided into bass.
A small hammer can strike the strings accurately and lightly and make a loud sound, which is the characteristic of this piano.
The fifth picture: goat (18 14).
This photo was taken before I went to Beethoven's apartment in Vienna.
The Streichers and Beethoven are very close friends. Beethoven's fierce playing style inspired the Vienna company to make pianos with six octaves. The new changes make the timbre richer, and the voice of * * * is stronger, which can make a romantic timbre.
Picture 6: Broadwood (18 17)
British manufacturers gave Beethoven an English piano, and obviously they smelled business opportunities in him.
This piano has a thick soundboard, a bigger hammer made of thick leather, a smaller bass damper and two excellent pedals. This is a piano that is very suitable for Beethoven. This is a grand and broad piece of music.
Last place: Graf (1826)
Conrad Graf is one of the most innovative piano manufacturers in Vienna. 1825 He lent Beethoven a piano. He produces more than 100 musical instruments every year, and imitates Broadwood's castanets to achieve a more British sound quality.
After briefly introducing Beethoven's seven pianos, I want to share some photos I took when I was in Beethoven. He was in an apartment in Vienna a few years ago.
10. Ranking of the University of Augsburg, Germany
Augsburg is the fifth largest city in Germany.