1, it's normal that you don't understand, because neither do the people who compile the textbooks. If they really understand, they will certainly practice Marxist theory. They must all be people with lofty ideological realm and high quality, but how many are there? Therefore, people who teach philosophy don't understand, and people who study philosophy must have a hard time learning with their thoughts. You must first look at this problem correctly!
Generally speaking, philosophy is about life, that is, summing up knowledge and experience in life, knowing the world and guiding practice. However, philosophical language overemphasizes rigor and logic, so it expresses simple truth very complicated. Adjust your learning style, first sum up your knowledge, first see what the world is like, and guide your study and life. This is the method that philosophy teaches us. On the other hand, if you study Ma Zhe again, you will not only understand it, but also find many contradictions and problems. You will also find that your knowledge has gone beyond the scientific basis of Marxism. Yours is just beyond the scientific basis of philosophy. Can we lower the level of science and look at the world from its perspective? (such as dark matter, dark energy, nonlinearity, genetics, etc.). )
3. apply what you have learned.
We should all sum up our knowledge, see the world clearly on the basis of current science, and then live, work and study. Even if you are responsible for yourself, you can't waste your knowledge, let alone practice blindly.
From the ideological level, Marxism is a noble science, and we can only understand and appreciate it with noble thoughts. In practice, the biggest problem of Marxist theory is that it overemphasizes the lofty dedication spirit and lacks understanding of the practical significance of humanity, which makes the sublime form the opposition between personal interests, short-term interests and social interests in reality. The lack of such a unified understanding makes it difficult for Marxist theory to justify itself.
Whether you can learn or not means that you really want to understand! I don't know how to teach others, sum it up and understand it myself!