In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the political group represented by Jiangnan literati in collusion with bureaucrats attached to chaebol in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces was the embryonic form of big capitalists, and the name of this enlightenment movement was "Lindong Party". Lindong people satirize and comment on official affairs. They want to be clean, revitalize the official management, open their minds, get rid of the accumulated disadvantages of the ruling and opposition parties, and oppose the graft of powerful people and pervert the law.
It seems that Lindong's party is very good, but what is it? The fertile south of the Yangtze River has given these Lindong parties the soil to develop, and the formation of capitalists is like a bottomless pit. These people only have their own interests in their eyes. They demanded the removal of the mine manager and tax envoy and exemption from business tax. Ask everyone to be honest and ask the emperor not to compete with the people for profit. In fact, it is for the monopoly interests of these capitalists!
These people mastered Daming's overseas trade tax, mining tax, salt tax, tea tax and other taxes, which made the source of fiscal revenue in the late Ming Dynasty more single, the government collapsed, and the tax sources of the court relied more on ordinary farmers. Lindong Party held high the banner of serving the country and the people for its own benefit, turned a deaf ear to the fact that the national treasury was empty and the national finance collapsed, and blindly completed the capital accumulation of its own family. The country can't even afford to raise soldiers. Finally, even the strongest fighters in Ning Guan owe 14 months. It was devastating in the Qing dynasty to go through the customs all the way. Why? Because these capitalists love money and life, they only have interests in their eyes and no country.
Wei Zhongxian has only been in power for three years. When he came to power, the Ming government had a strong resistance to the invasion of Liaodong by the late Jin Dynasty, which swept away the decline of Liaodong battlefield in the late Wanli period and greatly restored Liaodong. Wei Chu, who was able to recognize the close relationship between Liaodong and Shi Jing, denied the decision to retreat to Shanhaiguan and actively supported Sun Chengzong's advancing strategy. Later, Du Shi sent Yuan Chonghuan to Liaodong.
In fact, money is at work behind the excellent war situation outside the customs, and one of Wei's greatest abilities is to collect taxes. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there were many kinds of gold and silver in the world. Wei Zhongxian re-established the industrial and commercial tax and customs duties abolished by Lindong Party at the end of Wanli, aiming at the Jiangnan area with developed industry, commerce and foreign trade. However, he didn't give bonuses to farmers. Wei Zhongxian, who came from the bottom of society, was also exempted from tax when he was hit by the disaster in Henan. The Yellow River waterway that has not been repaired for decades has begun to be repaired; In addition, the "monopoly enterprise" that specifically seeks investment from Lindong party member has been closed.
After Wei Zhongxian's death, Lindong Party, which regained power, immediately abolished the industrial and commercial tax and tariffs related to its vital interests. Ignore the drought in the central and western regions; The rich southeast abolished taxes, but sent troops to the poor and chaotic northwest arid areas. He didn't understand the sufferings of the officers and men outside the customs, and muddied along with the peasant uprising, which led to the peasant army not being completely eliminated. After Wei's death, the situation in Liaodong continued to deteriorate, wavering between the discussion and the opinions of the main station. First Sun Chengzong was abandoned, and then Yuan Chonghuan was killed. After successfully defending Beijing, Liao Du, who had never lost his life, was executed by Ling Chi.
Li Zicheng of Mizhi, Shaanxi Province lost the iron rice bowl of the post office staff in an instant. What if she has no food? Rebellion, until one million people besieged Beijing, Li Zicheng still promised three million silver, sealed a king and withdrew, and promised to help Chongzhen destroy Manchu. However, at this time, none of the ministers of the Qing Dynasty was willing to pay. Chongzhen finally realized that he was angry, and the country was actually ruined by this group of "stingy" officials.
When Li Zicheng conquered the suburbs of Beijing, Chongzhen first listened to the eunuch Cao Huachun's evaluation: "If there are loyal people, current affairs are not here." I also thought of my brother's last entrustment 17 years ago: "Wei Zhongxian is faithful and can achieve great things". I have repented, so I secretly buried Wei Zhongxian's body and gave it to the memorial hall. After the fall of the capital, a funny and sad scene was staged: Lindong Party members in Beijing had been eagerly looking forward to serving the new emperor, but they were all taken away by Li Zicheng and exposed in the street; From tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands, they were copied from the minister's house. Who is right and who is wrong, fair and comfortable.