No.6 in the Garden used to be the former residence of Zeng, the designer of China people's national flag. 1936 was admitted to the Department of Economics of Central University, 1938 joined the Party and was a member of the Shanghai Municipal Political Consultative Conference. However, Shanghai people know that it was probably in recent years. As a close neighbor, I didn't know his former residence until after his death. Entering Yin Shan Road from Sichuan North Road, the first half of the right hand side is a large-scale building complex composed of four hutongs, namely Li Sida, Hengfengli and Hengshengli. The architectural styles of these three alleys are generally similar, and they are basically three-story buildings with clear water and red bricks, with a total of more than 300 houses; Alleys between alleys are like criss-crossing buildings, extending in all directions. When outsiders walk in, it seems to be a maze, so I have lived nearby for decades. Except for Li Sida, I have never been clear about the specific distinction between Hengfengli and Hengshengli. The house number in Hengshengli now belongs to Lane Bao 'an Road 160, while most of Li Sida and Hengfengli belong to Shikumen, while Hengshengli belongs to a new lane. The low wall is surrounded by a small garden, and the lintel and window frame are decorated with beautiful stones. The back door has a fox-shaped porch, and the third floor has a semi-circular cast iron balcony facing south.
In Shanghai, the buildings collectively called Shikumen are actually graded, such as Hengfengli and Li Sida, which are among the best in Shikumen category. Not only is the facade beautiful, the gables are exquisite, the internal facilities are relatively complete, and there are quite advanced toilets at that time.
Hengfengli was built in 1925. There are 93 houses in * *, which belong to Lane 69 and Lane 85. Lane 85 is a garden lane with a double slope roof in Spain, and Lane 69 is a Shikumen building.
No.90, Lane 69, formerly Hengfengli 104, a three-story house with brick and wood structure, facing south. 1926, the then Central Party School was located here. Li Shuoxun (the biological father of former the State Council Prime Minister Li Peng), Shen Yanbing and Yang Zhihua were students of the Party School in February of that year. In eight months, the students systematically studied 10 Marxist theory courses, such as introduction to Marxism, political economy, history of class struggle, etc. Luo Yinong, then a temporary The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), was appointed president of the Party School. 1926 when he was the secretary of the Shanghai District Committee of the Communist Party of China, he set up his office at No.83 and No.84 (now No.69 and No.70) in Hengfengli.
1927, Luo Yinong led the third armed uprising of Shanghai workers together with Zhou Enlai and Zhao Shiyan. Luo Yinong was elected as a member of the Central Committee at the Fifth National Congress in the Communist Party of China (CPC), a member of the Provisional Political Bureau of the Central Committee at the August 7th Conference, and a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau and Minister of the Organization Department of the Central Committee in 5438+065438+ 10. 1928 On April 5th, Luo Yinong was arrested and shot at the age of 26 in Longhua.
1927, No.69 Hengfengli became the contact point of the third armed uprising headquarters of Shanghai workers. After the "April 12th" coup, Chen Yannian took over as secretary of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang District Party Committee and set up an office here. At that time, the first floor was used as a reception room, the second floor as a conference room, and the third floor as the residence of underground traffic police. On June 1 day of the same year, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee made a decision to cancel the Jiangsu and Zhejiang District Committee and set up two provincial committees respectively, which became an organ of jiangsu provincial party committee. On June 26th, the CPC jiangsu provincial party committee held a meeting here. On behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Wang Ruofei announced the leading members of jiangsu provincial party committee: Chen Yannian, former secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, was appointed secretary of the provincial party committee, Guo Bohe was appointed organization minister, and Wang Ruofei was appointed propaganda minister. Halfway through the meeting, someone came to report that a traffic policeman arrested at a contact point knew the secret organ in Hengfengli, so Wang Ruofei immediately ended the meeting and everyone quickly left the meeting.
Originally, Chen Yannian had been evacuated safely, but he came back to visit with the organization minister Guo Bohe and others at three o'clock in the afternoon. Seeing that there was no accident, he went upstairs to continue his research work. But in less than half an hour, the police car roared and the Kuomintang military police surrounded the building according to the confession. Chen Yannian and others took up desks, chairs and benches as weapons to resist, and eventually they were outnumbered. Except for two people who escaped from the roof, Chen Yannian, Guo Bohe, Huang Jingxi and Han Buxian were arrested.
Knowing that he was in danger, Chen Yannian still claimed to be a waiter named Chen Yousheng. Although the Kuomintang military police had doubts, they saw Chen Yannian wearing a short coat and a straw rope tied to his trouser legs, much like a man doing menial work, and left the words "Chen Yousheng, a hired cook" on the interrogation record. In the face of extorting confessions by torture, Chen Yannian, Guo Bohe and Huang Jingxi insisted on not pleading guilty. When Han Buxian failed in his rebellion and testified against Chen Yannian, his identity was exposed. On July 4th, Chen Yannian, Guo Bohe and Huang Jingxi were killed at Longhua LAM Raymond Bridge.
Chen Yannian was called "Little Lenin". Late at night on July 4, it is said that he was hacked to death with a knife. He is only 29 years old. A year later, Chen Qiaonian, Chen Duxiu's second son, Chen Yannian's eldest brother and then the organization minister of the Central North District Committee, was also shot at Fenglin Bridge at the age of 26.
1985 65438+ 10, No.90 Hengfengli was designated as a municipal cultural relics protection unit by the Shanghai Municipal People's Government. However, the "wooden sign" originally hung in the alley has disappeared. There is a small white nameplate with the words "jiangsu provincial party committee Former Site 1927" hanging at the gate of No.90, and there is a Mu brand next to it. The scarlet letter "No.7 Base of Youth Revolutionary Traditional Education in Hongkou District" is vague and difficult to distinguish. An article in Jiang Shen Service Herald in June, 20065438+0 said that there was a stone tablet engraved with "Chen Yannian's revolutionary activity site in Shanghai" in the gate of No.90, but it was a residential building. I've been there several times, and the front and back doors have been closed. Shen Junru, a famous leader of "Seven Gentlemen" in the history of China, lived at Hang Seng Li 12, Yin Shan Road in 1930s.
In the early 1930s, three writers lived in Hengshengli-Fang Guangtao, Hu Yuzhi and Kebiao Zhang. Kebiao Zhang has such a memory in the article Unforgettable 1.28: "At that time (referring to 1932, the author's note), I lived in Gypsum Tuo (now Yin Shan Road) at the bottom of Chuanbei Road in Hongkou District. When the war broke out, I escaped, which was the main road for the Japanese to land and attack Zhabei. Fang Guangtao, Hu Yuzhi and I rented Sidari there, another alley in the east, whose name has been forgotten. The three-story building that is better than the Bidali Building is called the Garden House, which was rented by Mr. Hu in order to find a house. It seems to be the business of a British commercial advertising company, and the rent is 90 yuan every month. Li Sida is a big hutong, with one or two hundred houses, Shikumen style and three floors, with many branches. When going in and out, we have to go to Shigaote Road with Li Sida's help, and then take a bus to Sichuan North Road. In fact, there are only a dozen houses in our house facing south in a row, and only this row is called garden house. In fact, there is only a small lawn in front of the door, not a garden. Above the lawn, there are balconies on the second and third floors. Just like the big yard of Shikumen. The building of the house is better, the room is spacious, and there are bathrooms and sanitary facilities. The front building and the back building are separated, separated by a corridor, and the back building is smaller, but it is north. There is also a roof shelf above the third floor, which can also be used to put people or things. Therefore, living in a family of three is not crowded. "
According to Kebiao Zhang's description, they should live in Hengshengli, because both Hengfengli and Li Sida are Shikumen, and only Hengshengli is Garden Lane. Lisda of Yin Shan Road once lived in Sha Ting and was a left-wing literary youth. Sha Ting (1904- 1992), formerly known as Yang Chaoxi, was born in Anxian, Sichuan. 18 (1929) came to Shanghai, first lived at Derenli, Donghengbang Road 13 (now Lane 44, Qinguan Road), where he taught himself and studied in China. /kloc-founded Xinken Bookstore with Yang Bokai in Sichuan Lane, Sichuan North Road (now 1604 Lane) in 0/9, and was promoted to chairman. In 2 1 year and1year, this collection of novels was published under the pseudonym of Sha Ting. In the same year, he left Xinken Bookstore, moved to Li Sida, and joined the Left League. In 22 years, he served as the Standing Committee Secretary of the Left League. In the autumn of the same year, he moved to (this road) with his father Yao.
Chunchao Bookstore, founded by 1928 19, Zhang Yousong and Xia Kangnong, was founded in Li Sida 104, and has published Chunchao Monthly, February, Little Decade and Little Peter successively.
Yu Guozhen (1852- 1932), President of the Self-reliance Association of Jesuits in China, also temporarily lives in Li Sida. 1932 The "November 28th Incident" triggered the Shanghai Anti-Japanese War. In 19, the Middle Route Army rose up under the command of Commander Cai Tingkai. At that time, Jiangwan was the center of the war zone, and Yongzhitang, where the self-reliance association was located, and Yu Guozhen's residence in Jiangwan were destroyed by the war. The roof of Yongzhitang was hit by shells and suffered heavy losses. Yu Guozhen had to temporarily set up the office of the Self-reliance Association in Lisda Lin Hongbin's residence. In the same year, Yu Guozhen was invited to preach in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, where he died. Yin Shan Road Xingyefang (Lane 165) was built in 1927, which is the staff residence built by Zhejiang Industrial Bank. Two years after the completion of Xingyefang, Industrial Bank built Zhexingli on Disway Road (now Liyang Road).
Xing Yefang once lived in Sheng Zhonghua and was a professor at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music. Sheng Zhonghua's brother is the violinist Sheng Zhongguo, and he is praised as "Mei Niuyin of China" by the world music authorities. It is worth mentioning that Sheng Zhonghua's parents are both famous musicians. They trained ten children who studied and engaged in music, nine of whom were violinists. Sheng Zhongguo, the eldest son, recorded a program on the radio at the age of 9, and then went to study in the Soviet Union. 1962 won the honorary prize of violin competition in the second Tchaikovsky Music Competition. He was one of the first musicians to win international awards for China. In recent years, Sheng Zhongguo and his wife, Ms. Hiroko Seta, a young Japanese pianist, have often seen solo concerts or charity performances in China on TV. His sister Sheng Zhonghua is also a famous violinist. During the Cultural Revolution, I heard a friend talk about going to her house to study piano, but I didn't care at that time, so I'm not sure if she and her family ever lived here.
1924 in may, the publishing agency of nationalist literary movement was established in xingyefang 10. Published "Sweat Weekly", "National Literature Monthly" and other publications, and moved to Joffre Avenue a few months later. Walking into the middle of the last row of alleys and Liming Village in the mainland, there is Wenhua Villa (now Lane 208, Yin Shan Road). Wenhua Villa is also a three-story red brick house, but the style is obviously better than the buildings on both sides of her. There is also a semicircular cast iron balcony on the third floor. 18 This is the former residence of Huang Yanpei's second son Huang. After graduating from Tsinghua University, Huang went to Harvard University to get a master's degree in economics. 1929 After returning to China, he served as the director of Yuanling Salt Institute, and left his job because he got rid of the disadvantages of the times. During his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he served as an auditor of the Central Bank and began to join the democratic movement as a member of the organizing committee of NLD headquarters. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he retired with the Central Bank and returned to Shanghai, that is, he joined the Democratic National Construction Association to help his father deal with important affairs. 1947, NLD was declared as an illegal organization, and Huang Yanpei was placed under residential surveillance and could not conduct public activities. Therefore, I contacted Huang for important business. 1949, under the guidance of China underground party, he secretly carried out two tasks: first, secretly mobilized employees of the central bank to prevent the Kuomintang from transporting gold and silver to Taiwan Province Province; The second is to rebel against the Kuomintang armed forces stationed in Shanghai through relations.
Soon, the China People's Liberation Army advanced to Shanghai. On the night of April 24, Huang Yanpei broadcast to Shanghai from Beiping, demanding that Shanghai compatriots "make a local peace movement quickly". At that time, most members of Shanghai Minjian did not listen to this broadcast. About a week later, an underground party member told Jason Wu in secret that he should pay attention to concealment in case of danger. The comrades in the secret contact point contacted the hidden place for him, but he insisted on staying at work. /kloc-On the morning of May, 0/2, he had something important to go to the central bank, where he was arrested by secret service agents of the Ministry of National Defense. 18 was killed in the early morning of May at the age of 43.
After the People's Liberation Army entered Shanghai, the government dug up Huang's remains in the open space next to the cell of the supervision room of the pseudo-police station at Station Road 190. However, it is terrible to see a broken leg. Mayor Zhou Enlai and Mayor Chen Yi called Huang Yanpei to express their condolences and held a grand memorial service. Huang's coffin was buried in Chuansha Martyrs Cemetery. At the end of Yin Shan Road, there is an alley called "Zhuang Qing" (now Lane 343, Yin Shan Road), which was the dormitory of the YMCA before liberation. In old Zhuang Qing, fences were made of bamboo painted black. This kind of fence can be seen everywhere in Shanghai. Through the cracks in bamboo, flowers, trees and eaves are faintly visible, which is quite idyllic. In old Zhuang Qing, there is a lush lawn with a dark green children's slide standing on it. When we were young, we used to add a reduplication called "slide".
Zhuang Qing's 1 residents are different. After liberation, the capitalist's car has long since disappeared, and the garage has become a residential building, but a black Warsaw brand car has been parked in the garage at Zhuangqing gate. Every morning, the driver drove the car out, and a thin old man came out of the house and left in the car. The old man who owned a car was Wu Yaozong, a famous religious leader at that time.
Liu Liangmo, another religious leader, lived at No.3 Zhuang Qing Street. 1992 On a cold afternoon, when the plane tree fell, a middle-aged man and a woman came along Yin Shan Road. The man is slightly slim, wearing a leather jacket, jeans and sneakers. The woman he is holding is wearing a gray tweed windbreaker with short hair and full of vitality. In those days, they could tell at a glance that they were overseas Chinese or tourists from Hong Kong and Taiwan. They stopped and walked, sometimes looking at the house number, sometimes comparing the notes in their hands, and their faces showed blank and disappointed expressions. Inquired by an enthusiastic passer-by, I know that they came to Yin Shan Road to find their roots. Originally, the man was born in Gypsum Tower Road and went to Taiwan Province Province with his family on the eve of liberation. Now my father, who is over eighty years old, is homesick. Let his son come back and look for his former residence so that he can take some photos and take them back to Taiwan Province Province. The note in my hand is the address written by my father: Gypsum Tower Road 100.
Enthusiastic passers-by are also puzzled by this address: Gypsum Tower Road is Yin Shan Road, which is known to older people, but Yin Shan Road has no house number 100. So enthusiastic passers-by took them to a friend's house named Gong, and asked them to make suggestions together. I don't know. Gong's friends are also confused. Just when the couple were extremely disappointed, Gong asked the man if he could provide any more clues, and the man took out a brief map drawn by his father. According to the picture and the direction of the house, Gong took them to Lane 209. As soon as the man entered the alley, he shouted, "That's right! Yes, that's her! That's her! " Then he skillfully found his hometown-now No.4, Lane 209, Yin Shan Road.
Lane 209, like the houses at the intersection of Yin Shan Road and Liyang Road, is an English-style house with blue bricks and red tiles on all sides. Every two buildings are connected together, and the pattern of houses and gardens is very large. The gray facade is inlaid with brick red waistline, and there is arch stone in the center of circular doors and windows, which is beautiful and generous and plays a solid and stable role in mechanics. The man's father used to be an employee of the Central Reserve Bank, and Lane 209 is the residence provided by the bank for senior staff.
A few days later, when the couple brought gifts to thank Gong, Mr. Gong realized that the man was a famous director in Taiwan Province, and that the woman was his wife, a Taiwan Province singer who later had countless fans in Chinese mainland. At that time, mainlanders were quite strange to Cai Qin and knew nothing about Yang Dechang's name. Yang Dechang became famous for co-producing four films "In Our Time 1982" with Te-chen Tao, I-Chen Ko and Zhang Yi, while Cai Qin has always been known as the "velvet queen" of Taiwanese music. When the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology built a road across the border, Shigaota Road was probably built in front of Ouyang Road, because the houses on that road were also beautiful garden houses, and the second lane of Xiangde Road where I lived was originally called "Xiangde Village, Yin Shan Road". Behind my house, Lane 12 is called Zhu Xiao, a strange friend of Yin Shan Road, and the house with Japanese sliding doors in Lane 48 is called Luyuanzhuang, Yin Shan Road. The shocking bloody case that happened in 1940 is said to have happened on the gypsum tower road that year.
1940 10 13 has a striking headline: "There was a murder in Hongkou yesterday morning, and Fu Xiaoan was stabbed to death; The old servant in the elbow was stabbed with a knife, and the Japanese searched for nothing. " The newspaper said that Wang, the fake mayor of Shanghai, was a notorious traitor. Lao Fu Zhai is now No.2, Lane 26, Xiangde Road, where the Japanese found him a place to live.