Will the use of the Internet affect the fertility wishes of residents? Based on the data of CFPS in China and the statistical data of corresponding cities, this paper empirically analyzes the influence of Internet use on residents' fertility desire. The micro-individual data used in this paper are the 20 18 China family follow-up survey data published by China Social Science Research Center in Peking University (20 18 China Family Panel Research, CFPS20 18). According to the rationality of women's reproductive age, the study excluded female samples younger than 20 years old and older than 45 years old. Because men's reproductive age can continue to be older, the study kept all male samples. After matching the adult questionnaire data with family and children questionnaires, the sample size is 10342. In this study, two indicators, "fertility willingness" and "actual fertility behavior", are used to describe the explanatory variables. The core explanatory variable of this study is "individual Internet use", and a series of individual characteristics and family characteristics are included as control variables. Poisson regression model is used for estimation. The research shows that after controlling other factors and endogenous problems that affect fertility desire, the analysis results show that the fertility desire of residents who use the Internet is reduced by about 10.5% compared with those who do not use the Internet. At the same time, considering the differences between individuals, this study will discuss the interaction between Internet use and a series of virtual variables (education, income, economic level, etc.). ) into regression to study heterogeneity. The analysis results show that the decline of fertility willingness of netizens living in economically developed cities, with low education and low income is more obvious. In this regard, the researchers analyzed that the reason for the above differences may be that netizens in economically developed cities are more likely to accept the impact of emerging concepts, and people with low education levels are more likely to be influenced by non-mainstream culture on the Internet and change their concept of fertility because of their own cognitive level.