The most prominent feature of these universities is the college system. The college is completely independent in property, government and internal affairs, but the university awards degrees and determines the conditions for students who can award degrees. Only when a student is admitted to a college can he become a student of his own university. For example, to apply for Oxford or Cambridge University, you must first obtain the recognition of the university, and then apply for the college. If you are not admitted to the college, you can't be admitted to the university and become one of them. Therefore, you can become a college student only if you are admitted to one of the colleges, and these colleges do not represent departments.
Representative office: Durham University (founded in 1832)
2. Old Scottish universities classified by British universities:15-16th century.
Four of the six universities with a long history in Britain are located in Scotland, which is famous for its quality of education and the lasting influence of students and scholars.
Representative offices: Edinburgh, Glasgow and Aberdeen University.
3. Municipal (red brick) universities classified by British universities:1mid-9th century-early 20th century.
Most of these universities originated from colleges established in big cities in the second half of19th century and the beginning of 20th century. Later, they became universities and had the right to offer their own courses. Previously, their courses were awarded by an off-campus degree certificate from the University of London. Another name of City University is the more widely known Red Brick University. Red brick universities generally refer to all Mesozoic universities founded in industrial cities in England from19th century to the early 20th century. These universities were chartered by universities before the First World War, aiming at the education of the middle class and civilians. This title is mainly different from Oxford and Cambridge University. It is an old-fashioned prestigious school with the backbone of Britain.
Representative institutions: Bristol University, Sheffield University, Newcastle University and Manchester University.
4. British University Classification University Alliance: 19 ends.
University of London (UOL) is a federal university composed of several independent colleges and universities. In fact, there is no real University of London. It is a university alliance, and all its universities are independent entities, enrolling students independently, issuing diplomas independently and ranking independently. Colleges under universities have a high degree of autonomy, and many of them are world-renowned universities. About 5% students in Britain have studied in universities in London. The main administrative office of the University of London is located in the Parliament Building in Russell Square, Bloomsbury, London, where there is also a library and presidential residence.
Representative institutions: School of Asian and African Studies, University of London, Royal holloway University, King Smith College, University of London.
British universities are independent institutions. Although their main funding is provided by the Higher Education Grants Committee of England, they are not subject to the jurisdiction and control of any government department. After hundreds of years of development, British universities can be mainly divided into the following categories:
5. The University Union of Wales in the British University Classification
The University of Wales is a joint university (University Alliance), which was established in 1893 according to the British Royal Charter. It is composed of universities and colleges in Wales 10, and undertakes the main teaching and research tasks. The University of Wales is the certification and management institution of degree certificates issued by its branch schools and dozens of member colleges at home and abroad, which has great influence at home and abroad.
Representative office: Arbtevez University.
6. Flat glass universities classified by British universities: 1960s.
Refers to the universities established in Britain after the publication of Robbins Report on Higher Education in 1960s. The name comes from their modern architectural design. Flat glass is widely used in steel or concrete structures, which is in sharp contrast with the Victorian red brick university and the older classical universities.
Representative institutions: Warwick University, Exeter University, York University and Bath University.
7. Classification of British Universities New Universities: 1990s.
1992 The Higher Education Law allows all British technical colleges to become universities, and 38 new universities are upgraded to universities according to this law. After 7 years' interruption, another 365,438+0 polytechnics, university colleges and higher education institutions began to apply for upgrading to universities, bringing the current number of universities in Britain to 65,438+065,438+05.
Representative institutions: University of Hertfordshire, City University of sheffield hallam university and Birmingham.