Preparatory course is a special level of higher education. /kloc-In the second half of the 8th century, some western countries set up preparatory courses in universities. Before liberation, China set up a one-year preparatory course in some schools, which was gradually abolished. After the founding of New China, some preparatory classes for ethnic minorities were set up in the Institute for Nationalities, and a considerable number of preparatory classes for ethnic minorities were also set up in other universities, secondary specialized schools and adult colleges. 1996 There are 140 colleges and universities in China offering ethnic preparatory courses with students 1 1622. Preparatory education has played a great role in improving the basic cultural knowledge of minority students and enabling more minority students to enter higher and secondary specialized schools. It has become a unique form of running a school with minority students as the mainstay and an important part of ethnic education.

1984 In March, the Ministry of Education and the State Ethnic Affairs Commission made clear provisions on the teaching and management of ethnic minority preparatory classes in the Opinions on Strengthening Leadership to Further Run Ethnic Minority Classes in Colleges and Universities, stipulating that the task of preparatory classes is to "take special measures according to the characteristics of ethnic minority students, focus on improving their basic cultural knowledge and strengthening the training of basic skills, so as to further improve the overall quality of students' morality, intelligence and physique." The study period of preparatory course is generally one year, and the study time of students with poor Chinese foundation is two years. Preparatory students enter colleges and universities for professional study, and their academic system is the same as that of schools and colleges. The enrollment of ethnic classes can be appropriately reduced from the minority candidates who took the college entrance examination that year under the principle of comprehensive assessment of morality, intelligence and physique and merit-based admission. However, according to the training objectives and requirements of different types of colleges and universities, starting from the reality of all ethnic groups in various regions, we should treat them differently and lower the scores appropriately. Students of ethnic preparatory classes who have completed their studies in their schools and have good political performance and qualified examination results will directly enter relevant universities for undergraduate and junior college studies. The professional distribution of students in ethnic classes and junior colleges shall be determined by the school in consultation with the education administrative departments of the relevant provinces and autonomous regions at the expiration of the preparatory class according to the needs of the country, especially the economic construction and social development in ethnic areas, as well as the conditions of students' morality, intelligence and physique, combined with the wishes of students; It can also be determined by the school in conjunction with the education administrative departments of the relevant provinces and autonomous regions according to the above conditions, and the specific work is mastered by the school. After the major is determined, it shall not be changed except in special circumstances.

Although the preparatory course is mainly a cramming high school culture class, its teaching purpose is different from the general college entrance examination cram school, and its teaching content is related to and different from the later professional study. In recent years, according to the basic requirements of preparatory teaching, the relevant departments have organized and compiled preparatory teaching materials. Introducing competition mechanism and strengthening the management of ethnic preparatory students. It is required to organize teaching and examination in accordance with the teaching plan, syllabus and teaching materials promulgated by the State Education Commission. It is stipulated that students who fail in Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages in the final exam of preparatory students are not allowed to enter mainland universities; Students who fail in Chinese and mathematics in the civil examination are not allowed to study in mainland universities.