(brief conclusion)

Shen Jian Zong Ling

From May 18 to June 6, 2004, we read The Millennium Golden Mirror, edited by Mr. Liu Qingyue, Vice President and Secretary General of Wei Zhi Research Society of Guantao, Hebei Province, and published by Hong Kong Yellow River Culture Publishing House 1998 10, and reread Wei Zhi, published by Wei Zhi Research Society of Jinzhou, Hebei Province1March 1994. Wei Zhi, whose native place is Jinzhou City, Hebei Province, is an anthology commemorating the 10th anniversary of the founding of Wei Zhi Research Association, which is edited by Shen Jianguo and published by China Social Publishing House. Based on a large number of existing documents and physical evidence, we feel a lot. Therefore, it took 18 days to write a new work, Re-proving that Wei Zhi's native place (hometown) is Jinzhou, Hebei, with more than 20,000 words. Now I will make a brief summary, which is summarized as follows:

1. Xiaquyang, Gujulu County, namely Jinxian County, now Jinzhou City, Hebei Province. In this regard, ancient and modern China and foreign countries, including Comrade Guan Tao, all agree, and no one doubts it. Wei Zhi's ancestor was Xin, the grandson of one of the "Four Gentlemen" in the Warring States Period, the fifth generation descendant of the Western Han Dynasty, and an ignorant man. When Liu Ao proclaimed himself emperor in the Western Han Dynasty (reigned from 32 BC to 7 BC), he served as the satrap of Julu and settled in Xiaquyang for the first time, which was the beginning of Julu Wei's family. From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty (Suitang Quyang was renamed Dingzhou Drum City), they were all famous, noble families and noble families. Wei Zhi is a descendant of Wei's family of Julutang, and Julutang and Julutang's descendant Guangyutang are the names of this branch, which are now recognized by relatives of Wei's family, a descendant of Wei Zhi who emigrated at home and abroad (including Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Singapore, Thailand and other countries).

Secondly, the present territory of Guantao County in Hebei Province (originally belonging to Shandong Province, and transferred to Hebei Province in 1964) does belong to Julu County, one of the 36 counties set by Qin Shihuang, but it has changed with the historical evolution since the Western Han Dynasty. Especially when Wei Changxian, the father of Zheng Wei, was born in the Northern Qi Dynasty, Julu County was the only place in Xiaquyang, which governed Gaocheng County and Wuji County (now Wuji County), while Guantao County at that time belonged to Pingyang County, followed by Wuyang County and Weizhou County. This is a historical fact, and Guantao people have also proved it, but it has nothing to do with Julu County in Qin Dynasty. Therefore, Julu and Weizhou are not geographically a county and are not connected. Moreover, Qucheng and Qucheng, which are not outside these two places, are in Jiangsu and Yexian. It is indisputable that both speakers think that they are not referring to each other. Jinzhou people think that there is no "Qucheng" in Weizhou jurisdiction, but today Guantao people refer to the "Qucheng" as Pingbao Village at the junction of Guantao County and Qiu County. It was called "Quliang" in the Spring and Autumn Period, and renamed "Tai" in the Han Dynasty. Now people insist on calling it "Quliang City", which lacks literature and historical materials. Therefore, today's investigation shows that the location of Quyang in Qiaocheng East and Jinzhou West, that is, the capital of Drum Kingdom in the Spring and Autumn Period, is correct now in Gucheng Village, Jinzhou Town, Jinzhou City, that is, in the west of Jinxian County, Hebei Province. Moreover, as an authoritative "Ji Fu Tong Zhi", it has long been clearly pointed out that Weizhou does not belong to "Qu"

Thirdly, there is no mistake about Wei Zhi's native place in the historical documents and related inscriptions of the Tang Dynasty. For example, in the book Zhenguan Dignitary written by Jason Wu, it is marked as "Julu Man", and Zhang inscribed: "The fourth son, Wei, is also a Julu Quyang man. The female Kao Taishi Gong (that is, the Emperor) celebrated the temple with the gods, so Zude Zhou Department was narrated in the First Monument of Taizong. There are also epitaphs of Wei Zai, Wei Zhe, Wei Mo and others, as well as the inscription of the First Hall, which are clearly listed as "Julu Quyang people" and are descendants of Wei Zhi. When introducing Julu Weishi, the History of the North compiled by li yanshou in the Tang Dynasty and Sui Shu edited by Wei Zhi insisted that Julu Weishi was a "Julu Xiaquyang person". Wei Zhi's immediate ancestors, great-grandfather, grandfather and father Wei Changxian, and those who were praised by later generations as "golden mirrors for a thousand years, and those who stayed straight for three generations", as well as his brother Wei Shou (see the book of Northern Qi Dynasty) and more than a dozen other Wei celebrities, were all clearly described as Quyang people under the giant deer, and there was no mistake.

4. History of the Tang and Five Dynasties (namely, Shi Jingtang, the late Jin Dynasty, reigned from 936 to 942 AD), The Book of Old Tang compiled by Liu Xu in Zhuozhou Guiyi was published 300 years before Wei Zhi's death. On page 2 1 page 14584, Liu Xu wrote clearly: "Wei Zhi, whose real name is Xuancheng, is also a native of Julu Qucheng. His father is Chang Xian and he was ordered to stay in Beiqi." Qucheng is the abbreviation of Xiaquyang City in Julu County, which has been confirmed by later generations. Therefore, although Liu Xu, the editor of Old Tang Shu, used abbreviations, which caused some troubles to future generations, he was not wrong, but should be affirmed. What's more, he specifically stated that Wei Zhi's father was Wei Changxian, who made the detention order. This not only fully conforms to the historical facts, but also provides an important and reliable written basis for Wei Zhi's family to belong to Juluwei. Because no one has ever denied that Wei Changxian's native place is Quyang under the giant deer. Although there is an article saying that "he is close to his family and the Yellow River", it is common knowledge that "moving" will not lead to the change of his native place.

5. The mistake of Wei Zhi's native place (hometown) originated from the Book of the New Tang Dynasty compiled by Song Qi in the Northern Song Dynasty. The book 97 biographies 16336 page "Biography of Wei Zhi" records: "Wei Zhi, the word Xuancheng, was born in Quzhou Qucheng. He was lonely, abandoned his production, was ambitious, proficient in calligraphy, and was a Taoist. " Here, on the one hand, in the absence of historical evidence, he linked Weizhou and Qucheng, two fundamentally unrelated place names. Therefore, the vague concept of Guantao under the jurisdiction of Weizhou was created for later generations, and people had to do everything possible to find the position of "Qucheng" in the county according to his ideas. In fact, according to the general practice, it is enough to indicate the place of origin in the official biographies of the country. How many people have written about villages at the county level? That can only be in local chronicles, so that we can see it in more detail. For example, Wei Zhi's hometown and former residence, together with other businesses of his family (Zhao Wei, watch industry, and now Pangbiao Village) are recorded quite clearly, clearly and unmistakably; But the Quliang written by Guantao only recorded 2 1 word about the changes of historic sites in Guantao county annals, but not a word said that it was once the hometown of Wei Zhi, which is proof. On the other hand, he avoided writing a very important sentence in the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, "My father was virtuous, and the Northern Qi Dynasty ordered him to stay in the village", thus confusing Ouyang Xiu and others' statements that he was originally the Wei family of the Julu, which increased misleading and constituted the so-called new theory of Guantao. However, Ouyang Xiu wrote in the Table 12 on page 26 of the Book of the New Tang Dynasty and the Genealogy Table of Prime Ministers on page 16054: "The Wei family in Guantao was born in Yanzhou, and the great-grandson Min was born in Guantao. Min, Yan, Zhao, Chang Xian. Sign, the word Xuancheng, Xiang Taizong. " Here, Ouyang Xiu obviously made three inaccuracies and mistakes: First, the statement of "Min" was obviously wrong. Because Wei Yan is Wei Zhi's grandfather, not Wei Min's grandson, there is no direct blood relationship between them, which is well known. Second, he put his great-grandfather behind Wei and deliberately created a vague illusion to prove that he was the fifth precious, which was obviously not clever; Third, Chang Xian later wrote "Zheng, the word Xuancheng, and Xiang Taizong", but did not clearly explain the father-son relationship between Wei Changxian and Xiang Taizong, giving future generations a "careless eye", at least confusing and suspicious. There's another one. He listed six prime ministers of Wei in the Tang Dynasty in the Prime Ministers' Genealogy Table. First, Wei (Wu Hou at the beginning of the word) was listed in the first place, while Xuancheng (Taizong at the same time) was listed in the second place, which was obviously misplaced, and his fifth grandson was said to be from Quzhou. In this way, the modern people in Guantao mistakenly thought that the modern people in Jinzhou intended to abandon Wei (because Wei's birthplace was very clear, and it was Dingzhou Drum City, that is, Jinzhou in the Tang Dynasty), but they wanted to compete for Wei Xuancheng. Moreover, it is said that Jinzhou people have confused their names and the handwriting on the tablet is wrong. It is said that Wei Zhi's monument and tomb in Jinzhou is Li Xianwei, Tang Zhongzong. Excuse me, where is the tomb and monument of Wei, a native of Jinzhou? In this regard, I can only say one word, and I don't wonder if I don't know. The fundamental reason is that The Theory of Guantao was originally mistaken for The Book of the New Tang Dynasty compiled by Song Qi and Ouyang Xiu, so we don't have to blame the present.

6. Both his ancestors belong to the Wei family of Julu, and the pedigree and celebrity profile of this family. According to the genealogical documents provided at home and abroad, Jinzhou people accurately listed the inheritance order of Wei's ancestor Huangdi and his first surname Zu Weiwan from more than 4,000 years to the present, and there was no Wei Heng or Guan Taowei in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty. On the contrary, Guantao people have some knowledge and research on the origin and lineage of Shu Wei, an assistant minister in middle school and the prime minister in the history of Emperor Wen of Jin. After investigation, Wei Heng and Wei Min, the secretariat of Yanzhou in the Western Han Dynasty, were both Wei's grandsons, and many high-ranking officials and celebrities were produced from generation to generation, mostly in Weishan County, Shandong Province, and Peixian County, Jiangsu Province. Being the same clan (Huangdi) and the same clan (Wei ignorant) is actually Julu Wei, but with different branches (the ancestor of Wei Zhi Julu is Wei Xin, not Wei Heng of Rencheng and Yanzhou, nor Guantao Wei) and different nationalities (the ancestral home of Julu is Quyang, not Weizhou as mentioned in New Tang Book). Guan Tao's Wei family actually came from Ren Cheng's Wei family. At this point, Jinzhou theory and Guantao theory finally reached a consistent conclusion. First of all, I would like to thank Comrade Guan Tao for his great contribution.

Seven, about Wei Zhi's native place (hometown), although there are as many as seven or eight kinds at present, due to the mistakes in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Jinzhou and Guantao are still the mainstream, and they hold their own opinions. Experts and scholars, literary works and dictionaries also have their own needs. Therefore, there are different views on the present situation, such as saying one thing, saying one thing in parallel, saying one thing in reverse order, saying that the two things are mixed together, and so on. However, after nearly three years' efforts, people living in Jinzhou first published the textual research article "Wei Zhi was born in Jinxian County, Hebei Province" in the fourth edition of Hebei Daily on 19861October 26th, clearly detailing the basis of Jinzhou Theory. Prior to this, on1June, 1986 16, Jinxian sent people to Guantao county to have a face-to-face discussion and on-the-spot investigation with the personnel in charge of culture, cultural relics and compilation of county annals according to the instructions of Comrade Michelle Li, then deputy secretary of Hebei Provincial Party Committee. It was expressed by the Guantao people at that time in words and orally: after years of textual research, the county is really "three noes" (that is, there is no written record of county annals, no cultural sites and no folk word-of-mouth legends), and then "self-denial" leads to the conclusion that "Guantao theory has no factual basis"; Moreover, Jinzhou people also specially consulted Professor Yang Zhijiu, an expert on the history of Sui and Tang Dynasties in Nankai University. He agreed with and spoke highly of Jinzhou people's innovative research results. At the same time, I also asked Professor Jiang Xingyu, an expert on Wei Zhi studies at Shanghai University who had participated in the compilation of Ci Hai (editor-in-chief of history volume). He replied, "Your information is complete and the evidence is conclusive. We have no objection." He also served as an academic consultant and published articles in China Social Sciences Journal. He is very happy to recommend the research on Wei Zhi, a sage, to academic circles. After nearly ten years, the Wei Zhi Research Association of Guantao in Hebei Province was established on 19951February 8. The Guantao people not only gave a "negative denial", but also wrote articles in public newspapers and books attacking comrades who hold the Golden State Theory, and wrote all kinds of doubts, misunderstandings and false words formed because they didn't understand the specific situation. These are all relatively complete and comprehensive statements in the book compiled by Mr. Liu Qingyue. In this regard, our colleagues in Jinzhou did not make any refutation, but still calmly insisted on putting facts, making sense and speaking with historical facts. Moreover, because we are busy with other more and heavier academic research, literary and artistic creation and economic development tasks, time and energy are unnecessary, and we are not allowed to just stay on this topic. So, I haven't paid much attention to this matter.

Eight, in fact, as early as the Yuan Dynasty after the Song Dynasty, Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan (1260 ~ 1294 reigned) and other feudal rulers were very aware of the status and role of Wei Zhi, a famous historical figure from Jinzhou, and his family in the history of the development of Chinese civilization. He began to change "Jinzhou", which had been located in Linfen City, Shanxi Province during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, into Jinzhou City, Hebei Province today. Moreover, Anping, Raoyang and other three counties, which are far away from Jinzhou, have added a touch of "Jin" to the original land, which makes many future generations puzzled and surprised: Why did Hebei go out of Jin? ! By the Ming Dynasty, Wei Zhi's native place, which was misinformed in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, had been basically corrected except that Li Zhi called Wei Zhi "a native of Weizhou" in the thirty-fourth volume of his Collection of Books (note: Qucheng was also omitted). For example, as recorded in Geography of Ming Dynasty 1, "Golden State": "In the second year of Hongwu (A.D. 1369), it was ruled by the state, and Gucheng County entered the province. There is Hutuo River in the south "; Guang compiled by Lu in the Ming Dynasty contains a volume: Jinzhou is the drum city of Xiasui Xiyang to calm down the government. Therefore, in Guang, it is clearly pointed out that it is a "golden state person", which is completely correct. So there appeared a Luancheng person, Guantao county magistrate, who was a scholar five years earlier during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. When he presided over the compilation of Guantao County Records, he did not talk about Wei Zhi's native place and deeds. However, in the article "Rebuilding the Monument to the Minglun Hall in Jinzhou", three students of Zhending and Wuqiang clearly expressed the historical evolution of Jinzhou and Wei Zhi's historical contribution as a saint in Jinzhou, and spoke highly of it. This completely different phenomenon is an inevitable reflection of the historical truth. Besides, in "History of the North", we see that Wei Deshen, a director of Guantao who is deeply loved by Guantao people, once worked with Kevin·Z in the treasure department of Chengyuan County in Wuyang at the end of Sui Dynasty. In his biography, he also clearly wrote "this giant deer is also", which has nothing to do with Guantao.

Nine, our "re-certification" this time, with a lot of words, further comments from ten aspects. First, the official history setting: mainly based on the six historical books compiled by the three famous people of Wei in the Twenty-four History and the related historical manuscripts after death; Second, local chronicles are doomed: mainly refer to local chronicles such as Jin County Records, Guantao County Records and Jifu Tongzhi. The words about Wei Zhi in Jinxian County Records can be said to be all-encompassing; However, it is difficult to really find a word in Guantao county annals; Thirdly, regional identification: Jinzhou people are right about the regional and historical evolution of Julu Xiaquyang and Guantao, and so are Guantao people, that is, Xiaquyang is not Guantao, and Guantao has no "Qucheng"; Fourthly, the confirmation of cultural relics: Jinzhou has two links: the reconstruction of Xiangxian Temple and Mingluntang Monument during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, but no verifiable unearthed objects have been found in Guantao; V. Site assistance: There are seven cultural sites in Jinzhou, including the memorial Wei Zhi Temple in the hometown and former residence, the tomb of Wei Zhi, the goods in Weijiazhuang, the memorial archway (commonly known as the Prime Minister's Building), the Ziyun Temple where Wei Zhi became a monk, the Tibetan Classics Pavilion (Puguang Temple) and the tomb of Wei Shou, a brother of Wei Zhi, all with words (pictures), legends and on-the-spot records. But in Guantao, the nonexistent "Temple", Jade Emperor Temple and former residence, and the two strange locust trees tied by Wei Chijingde, who is not his "comrade-in-arms" at all, are unconvincing. Sixth, word-of-mouth supplement: The Legend of Wei Zhi with 270,000 words was collected and published in Jinzhou, and won many national, provincial and municipal awards. However, in Guantao, except Wei Zhi, the title of Twilight and Wei Lao Dao, is his father and daughter, there is no good comment. Seventh, the clansmen judge that Wei Zhi clansmen Wei Shou, William and later generations Wei Mo and Wei Xuan are equal to more than ten Julu Wei clansmen related to Wei Zhi, which are recorded in books such as official history and local chronicles. Eight, the title of Qin Ding: Wei Zhi was made the father-in-law of Julu County by Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin, and his father, Wei Changxian, was made the secretariat of Dingzhou in the seventh year of Zhenguan (AD 634). Wei is also known as Julu County, while Feng Guantao County and Rencheng County are people from other places. Nine, lineage demarcation: after detailed research, it is indeed the Wei family of Hebei Julu, not the Guantao Wei family from the Wei family of Rencheng, Shandong; Tenth, the division of hall number: Wei Zhi is a "Julu Hall", not a "famous hall".

In this way, after comparing and screening the basis of Jinzhou theory and Guantao theory one by one, we once again come to the conclusion that the native place (hometown) is Jinzhou, Hebei Province, which is not only correct, but also further find out the wrong source of Guantao theory and the source of Guantao Wei. It should be said that this is another gratifying academic research achievement.