Main contribution
1, Yuan Longping took the lead in the research on the utilization of rice heterosis in China. In his first paper, Rice Male Sterility, he proposed: "If you want to take advantage of rice heterosis, you must first take advantage of male sterility". His theory and research practice are a challenge to the classical genetic theory, denying the traditional view that "self-pollinated crops have no heterosis" and greatly enriching the theory and technology of crop genetics and breeding.
2. Yuan Longping solved three difficult problems in the research of three-line hybrid rice. Firstly, the technical scheme of "distant hybridization between wild rice and cultivated rice" was put forward, and finally an effective way to cultivate male sterile lines was found. 1973 realized the "three lines" of sterile line, maintainer line and restorer line.
Second, a number of combinations such as "Nanyou No.2", a hybrid rice with strong advantages, were bred and widely used in production, becoming the first scientist in the world to successfully utilize the heterosis of rice.
The third is to break through the seed production barrier. According to previous studies, the outcrossing rate of rice is only 2.4%, and the seed yield of hybrid generation is extremely low, which is far from meeting the production requirements. The International Rice Research Institute started research on 197 1 and gave up on 1973, because no one in the institute believed that it could solve the problem of seed production at that time. The research group led by Yuan Longping successfully solved this problem, and the seed yield gradually increased, and now the yield per mu has reached more than 300 kilograms.
3. Yuan Longping put forward the development strategy of hybrid rice breeding, that is, from three lines to two lines and then to one line, the procedure is more and more simple and the efficiency is higher and higher; At the level of heterosis, from varieties to subspecies to the utilization of distant heterosis, heterosis is getting stronger and stronger, which pushes hybrid rice to a new level step by step. This idea has been adopted by colleagues at home and abroad and has become the guiding ideology for developing hybrid rice breeding.
4. Yuan Longping solved some key technical problems in the dual-system method. For example, 1989, when the research of two-line method encountered great setbacks, he put forward the initial temperature index and technical strategy for breeding practical photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines, which made the research of two-line hybrid rice out of the trough.
Later, the core seed production program and cold water series irrigation propagation were put forward, which made the research of two-line hybrid rice finally successful and popularized. Since 1987, he has served as a special responsibility expert for the "863" project and presided over the research on sexual cooperation in China. 1995 two-line hybrid rice was successfully studied, and the yield of two-line hybrid rice was 5% ~ 10% higher than that of three-line hybrid rice at the same maturity stage.
5. Yuan Longping designed the super-high yield plant type model with high canopy, short panicle layer and medium panicle and the technical route of cultivating super hybrid rice, and made great progress in the research of super hybrid rice. The research of super hybrid rice was carried out in Yuan Longping during 1997.
In 2000, 2004 and 20 12, the targets of 700 kg, 800 kg and 900 kg per mu in the first, second and third phases of China Super Rice Demonstration Film were achieved respectively. In 20 13, the fourth phase of the research on the target of yield per mu 1000 kg of demonstration piece of super hybrid rice was started, and it is planned to achieve the target in 2020.
At the same time, implement the high-yield project of "planting three crops and producing four crops" for super hybrid rice to promote the production and application of scientific and technological achievements. Since 2007, it has achieved great results in increasing production and income, and it has been implemented in seven provinces and cities across the country, among which the number of counties (cities and districts) in Hunan Province has increased from 20 to 50 in 20 12, covering an area of 8.82 million mu.
By the end of 20 12, the accumulated demonstration and promotion area was more than 20 million mu, with an increase of more than 2 billion kilograms, which made new contributions to the sustained and stable increase of grain production.
Die of illness
2021March 10, Yuan Longping fell to Sanya Hybrid Rice Research Base. On April 7, he was transferred to Changsha, Hunan for treatment. On May 22nd 13: 07, Yuan Longping died of multiple organ failure in Xiangya Hospital of Changsha Central South University at the age of 9 1.
mourn (for/over the dead)
On the morning of May 24th, 20021,the farewell ceremony of Comrade Yuan Longping's body was held in Mingde Hall of Mingyangshan Funeral Home in Changsha. Although Yuan Longping himself had hoped that the funeral would be simple and the funeral home would not accept public mourning, due to his high popularity, a large number of people in Changsha spontaneously went to Xiangya Hospital, Mingyangshan Funeral Home and Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center to offer their condolences.
In addition, the research base of Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center in Sanya, Hainan, Qingdao Sea Rice R&D Center and the statue of Yuan Longping of Southwest University also attracted many people to pay their respects. In addition, China police informed that seven netizens were arrested for insulting Yuan Longping.
Many high-level people from General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, China, the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the country sent messages of condolences or wreaths to express their condolences. Princess Khazhak of the Kingdom of Thailand? Sirindhorn, FAO Director-General Qu Dongyu, Malagasy Minister of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Lanari Velu, and East Timorese Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries Pedro? Dosres and others sent flowers or expressed condolences.
Refer to the above? Baidu Encyclopedia-Yuan Longping