1, from Jiang, a descendant of Emperor Yan, taking the country as his surname. According to Yuan He's Compilation and the Genealogy Table of Prime Ministers in the New Tang Dynasty, the ancestors of Xu and Qi are descendants of Bo Yi, four great masters in ancient Yue. "April" is four phratries developed from the surname Jiang. They formed an alliance with the tribe named Ji and developed in parallel with the Shang clan named Zi. The allied forces composed of Ji and Jiang tribes were defeated and established the country of Ji & Western Zhou Dynasty. In Zhou Chengwang, vassals were enfeoffed on a large scale, and some vassal states with the surname of Ji and Jiang were also enfeoffed in the Shang Dynasty. Guo Xu was one of the vassal states of the Jiang surname enfeoffed by the Zhou Dynasty, and its ancestor was Xu. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Xu was called a vassal state of Chu, and was destroyed by Chu at the beginning of the Warring States Period. After Xu's subjugation, later generations took the country as their surname, calling it Xu's surname, and history said that Xu's surname was authentic.
2. The descendants of Yao Emperor Xu You took their ancestors' names as their surnames. According to historical documents and archaeological excavations, Xu You is said to be an aristocratic scholar and saint in the Yao and Shun period, living in Jishan. After his death, he was buried in Mount Ji, and later generations praised him as a man. At the foot of the Shuipen Jishan Mountain more than 4,000 years ago, it was Xu's land. Later generations thought it was the surname after his death and called it Xu.
3. From other sources, there is Xu Shi. In the Qing Dynasty, there were Xu surnames in Tusi, Manchu, Li, Yao, Yi, Tujia, Achang, Hui, Mongolian and North Korea in Sichengfu, Guangxi (now southwest of lingyun county, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region).
Ancestor: Xu You. Xu You also praised Xu Yao as a noble scholar and saint in the Yao and Shun era. When Emperor Yao was old, he had planned to give up the throne to Xu You, but Xu You refused to accept it and fled to Jishan to farm and eat by himself. Later, Yao asked him to be the chief officer of Kyushu. He went to the river to pick his ears and said that he didn't want to hear this. After his death, he was buried in Jishan, and later generations praised him as. Later generations took it as their surname and called it Xu surname, and was commemorated as the ancestor of Xu surname.
Second, migration distribution.
Xu's ancestral home is now in Henan. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a descendant of Jiang, composed of Zheng and Chu, moved to Ye (now southwest of Ye County, Henan Province), Chengfu (now southeast of Bo County, Anhui Province), Jingshan (now Hubei Province), Rongcheng (now southeast of Lushan Mountain, Henan Province) and other places many times, and was later destroyed by Chu, and some descendants were scattered in Xinhuang and Zhijiang, Hunan Province. This can be said to be Xu's first reproduction and migration. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Xu had spread all over most areas of Henan and Hebei provinces, and later formed the largest Xu family in history: Runan County. The county is divided into Levin County, Taiyuan County and Huiji County, which occupy a major position in the development of Xu's surname. According to records, Xu Yi, the ancestor of Runan County, was an aristocrat at the end of Qin Dynasty, and his great-grandson Xu De was appointed as the magistrate of Anding (now Pingliang in the west of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Gansu Province) and Runan (now south of central Henan Province and north of Huaihe River in Anhui Province) in the Western Han Dynasty, and settled in Pingyu County, Runan. During the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, in order to avoid the war in the north, Xu moved to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Fujian, Guangdong and other places with the southward migrants. Xu Meng, a descendant of Runan, was appointed as the secretariat of Cao Wei's Youzhou, Xu Shiren as the magistrate of Pingyuan (now southwest of Shandong Pingyuan County), Xu Maoren as the magistrate of Levin (now Henan Province), Xu Rengui as the magistrate of Guiyang in the Southern Dynasty, Yan Xu as the secretariat of Xiangzhou, Xiao Qi as the marquis of Jinling County, Xu Zongzhi as the secretariat of Dingzhou in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Xu Maoren as the magistrate of Tianmen in the two dynasties. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the society tended to be stable. Both the Xu surname who lives in the north and the Xu surname who moved to the south have made great progress, and the population of Xu surname is increasing day by day. The above-mentioned descendants of Xu surname in Runan also have new developments, such as Xu Xun being the magistrate of the plain (now Shandong), Xu Hongzhou being the secretariat of Chuzhou, Xu Yuan being the magistrate of Suiyang and Xu Xian being the secretariat of Yuanzhou. During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the main characteristics of Xu's surname were moving south and emigrating overseas. The southward migration in the Song and Yuan Dynasties promoted the development trend of Xu's surname, which was long in the south and short in the north. In the Qing Dynasty, many people surnamed Xu moved to Taiwan Province Province, where they lived in Taibei, Pingtung and Kaohsiung. At this point, Xu's surname can be described as a branch all over the world and broadcast everywhere. Today, Jiangsu, Shandong, Yunnan, Guangdong, Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang and other provinces are the majority of Xu, and these seven provinces account for about 55% of the population of Han and Xu in China. Xu is the 35th surname in China with a large population, accounting for about 0.53% of the Han population in China.
Third, historical celebrities.
Xu Xing: During the Warring States Period, a native of Chu named Xu was first seen in Historical Records. He advocated "sages and the people cultivate food, and the people govern themselves", which reflected an ideal of farmers in ancient society, with dozens of students.
Xu Shen: A native of Zhaoling, Runan (now Yancheng, Henan), a Confucian scholar and philologist in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the author of the first dictionary in ancient China, with fourteen volumes of Shuowen Jiezi and fifteen volumes of Shuowen Jiezi.
Xu Shao: Runan (now Henan) was a native of Pingyu. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei was a famous figure and liked to look at people. His evaluation of Cao Cao is: "The thief of Qing Ping, the outstanding man in troubled times."
Xu Heng: Neo-Confucianism in Yuan Dynasty. After he ascended the throne, he and Liu decided on the official system of courtiers and planned the "founding scale" for the Yuan rulers. Together with Liu Yin and Wu Cheng, they are called the three great Neo-Confucians in Yuan Dynasty.
Xu Shao: a celebrity of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period. A good commentator changes once a month, which is called Runan's "Monthly Review". He once commented that Cao Cao was a "capable minister of governing the country and a hero in troubled times", which was almost the conclusion of Cao Cao's life, and "a generation of heroes" became synonymous with Cao Cao.
Xu Hun, a poet in Tang Dynasty. In his poem, there is a phrase "Rain is coming, the wind is full of buildings" which is sung for the world.
Xu Mengrong: A native of Chang 'an, Jingzhao (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi) in the Tang Dynasty, he worked as an assistant minister from the official department to the official department, and the eastern capital stayed behind.
Xu: In the early Tang Dynasty, he was one of the 18 bachelors of Qin. Hangzhou Xincheng (now southwest of Fuyang, Zhejiang) was a writer, calligrapher, waiter and calligrapher. Help Wuhou drive out Chu Suiliang and kill Sun Chang Wuji and Shangguan Yi. Participate in the compilation of Wu Dezhi, Zhenguan Zhi and Jin Shu.
Xu Daoning, a native of Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province), was a painter in Song Dynasty, who was good at painting trees, plains and wild water.
Xu Daoning, a painter in Song Dynasty. It is famous for being good at writing about trees, plains and wild water. Zhang Shixun's "Zeng Zeng Poems" has a sentence "When Fan Kuan died, Li Cheng died and Xu Daoning was in Chang 'an" to praise his works.
Xu was born in Yizheng, Jiangsu Province, and was a physician in the Song Dynasty. His works include Treatise on Febrile Diseases.
Mrs. Xu: the heroine of the She uprising in the early Yuan Dynasty. 1278, she participated in the Huanghua Uprising. At that time, the Yuan Army had entered Fujian, and Steven Song Pu Shougeng had fallen into Yuan's hands. Anti-Yuan General Zhang Shijie moved to southwest Fujian. With her support, she crusaded against Pu Shougeng and Yuan Jun and won many times.
Youren Xu: Tang Yin (now Henan) was a famous politician in Yuan Dynasty. He served as an official for seven dynasties for nearly 50 years, and was a scholar in politics and Jixian Hall.
Tianci Xu: A native of Min County (now Minhou, Fujian), he was a scholar during Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty. He is upright and upright as an official, and he is the author of The Yellow Gate Collection.
Xu Fuyuan: A native of Deqing, Zhejiang Province, left assistant minister of Nanjing Ministry of War in Ming Dynasty, and author of Jing He Tangji.
Xu Zichang: A native of Wuxian County (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province) in the Ming Dynasty, he is a strange book. He has written books such as Water Margin, Lingxipei, Zhai Zhai Shi Hua, Zhai Sui Ji and Holding the Bell.
Xu: A native of Jining, Shandong Province in the Qing Dynasty, he served as Tongzhi and Sizhou in Anhui. He is the author of Textual Research on Yu Fang and Western Liao Dynasty.
Xu Zongyang: Guangxi native in Qing Dynasty, general of Taiping Army. He went to Anhui with Shi Dakai and killed Yang with Wei Changhui. Later, it was not known.
Xu Jingcheng: a native of Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, was the foreign minister in the late Qing Dynasty. He sent envoys to France, Germany, Italy, Austria, the Netherlands and other countries, and later served as Foreign Minister of the Prime Minister's Office.
Xu Xueqiu: A native of Haiyang (now Chao 'an), Guangdong Province, a modern democratic revolutionary, once served as the commander-in-chief of Dongjiang River in China Revolutionary Army.
Xu Guangping: A native of Panyu, Guangdong Province, Mrs. Lu Xun, once served as Deputy Secretary-General the State Council of the Central People's Government, Vice Chairman of the All-China Women's Federation and Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of China Association for Promoting Democracy after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC).
Xu Dishan: Originally from Fujian, he was born in Taiwan Province Province. He is a famous novelist and essayist. His works include Weaving Spiders, Empty Shan Yu, Indian Literature, History of Taoism in China (I), Index to the Tripitaka, etc.
Xu: He is a famous strategist from Xinxian County, Henan Province. He studied martial arts in Shaolin Temple as a teenager, joined the National Revolutionary Army in his early years, and then joined the China Producer Party. He was legendary all his life, addicted to alcohol, led and commanded many famous battles, and made outstanding achievements. 1955 was awarded the rank of general. In the border war launched by * * * against Vietnam in the middle of 1979, Xu, then commander of the Guangzhou Military Region, commanded the battle on the eastern front. 1985 10 died of liver cancer on1October 22nd in Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region at the age of 80. After his death, the then leader of the country, the Democratic Party, approved General Xu to be buried in accordance with his last wish. The instructions of the Democratic Party were, "It won't happen again".