one
With the continuous enrollment expansion of colleges and universities, the number of graduates has increased year by year, and the employment pressure is great. The overall demand for jobs in the entire job market is relatively tight. This has become the current situation, and the employment situation is very severe. This year's college students are faced with a dilemma: whether to go back to school for further study or continue to seek their place in society? In order to further understand the employment situation of college students and help us to know more employment information and future school planning, we all know that the employment situation at the moment is very severe, and the employment problem of college students this year affects the hearts of the party and the country. After statistics, the following results are obtained:
First, job satisfaction.
More than half of the graduates are dissatisfied with their current jobs. Among them, most of the respondents chose to get along with their colleagues in the most satisfactory aspects of their work at the moment, and in the most dissatisfied aspects of their work at the moment, we designed the option of higher salary in advance, which was unexpected.
From this, we can easily find that nowadays, college graduates are more and more rational, and they can make more rational decisions about themselves, instead of blindly pursuing low wages or excessively pursuing high wages. In the course of our investigation, a senior said this before. At first, she expected a monthly salary of 1500, so she met 500, paid 500 at home and saved 500 herself. After years of groping in the society, there is not much demand for salary, as long as you prove your value.
The second is self-efficacy, that is, work competence, self-expectation and expectation of enterprises.
Most graduates say that they are competent for their current jobs, but their lack of practical potential and necessary professional skills is the main reason for their heavy work pressure. Correspondingly, more than half of the graduates said that they are most looking forward to upgrading their professional skills in enterprises and looking forward to promotion and further study abroad, accounting for only a small part. As can be seen from the above, the interviewed graduates pay more attention to the improvement of their own quality in professional skills, rather than simply for temporary interests.
From this, we deeply understand that as college students, we must pay attention to the promotion of practical potential, participate in social practice more, do more part-time jobs related to our majors, rather than being limited to books and classes, and combine professional knowledge with practice in order to adapt to society as soon as possible in the future.
However, while paying attention to the cultivation of practical potential, we should devote our mind to learning professional knowledge and mastering professional skills in universities, which is an important condition for creating good employment conditions for ourselves.
Three. Employment information and employment channels
Job hunting skills have also become the focus of people's attention, which shows that it is really necessary for schools to offer employment guidance courses and employment guidance lectures. They said that it was easier to get employment information at that time through special employment lectures, employment guidance websites and campus job fairs.
Fourthly, the influence of physical exercise on employment during college.
Some graduates have served as student cadres during their college years, and they have outstanding performance potential in interpersonal communication and business negotiation, and outstanding practical potential in actual business operation. The communication potential is highlighted in the practice of communication and business negotiation with leading colleagues, which will become the most profitable part in future work. It can be seen that it is very important to participate in various school activities and exercise your potential. By being a student cadre, you can get all kinds of potential exercises and accumulate the experience needed for future work.
Five, enterprise employment standards and the advantages and disadvantages of school education
Most graduates think that the comprehensive quality of individuals is the most important thing for corporate recruiters, while a few people think that it is professional knowledge. The innovation of practical potential and the cultivation of professional knowledge and skills are considered to be the most lacking aspects of the school at present, which can mutually prove that the reputation of the school is no longer the main factor affecting employment. "Diploma-only theory" has changed to "diploma-only theory", and "talent-only theory" has gradually emerged. Innovation and professional knowledge with corresponding practical potential are considered as the advantages of competing with others for the same position, while the traditional virtues and hard-working spirit of the Chinese nation have also become the advantages. Nowadays, personal quality has become the dominant factor affecting job hunting in the workplace. Only by laying a good foundation in school and striving to improve one's connotation and self-cultivation can one find a satisfactory job. Our destiny has always been in our own hands.
Sixth, the impact of career planning on employment.
Most graduates said that only a few began to think about employment in their sophomore and junior years, and the rest didn't start thinking until their senior year or graduation.
As for the career planning of colleges and universities, only a few people understand career planning and how to plan it, but most people don't. It can be seen that at least in recent years, the vast majority of college graduates have a weak sense of career planning in universities. And most people say that the career development courses brought by the school are of little help. It can be seen that the course of career planning is not popular in colleges and universities, and the quality of the course is generally not high, which can not meet the needs of students. It should be an important task for colleges and universities to offer career planning courses and related lectures to improve the quality of employment guidance.
two
Since the beginning of this year, with the development of China's social economy, the improvement of national education level, the continuous expansion of colleges and universities, the continuous expansion of college students, and the difficulty of college students' employment, a series of social problems have attracted more and more attention. In recent years, when people feel sorry for those young lives, they pay more attention to the employment difficulties of college students. The employment and life problems of college students, a vulnerable group, need to be solved urgently. Only by truly solving this problem can we promote social harmony and stability, truly transform knowledge into productive forces, and thus promote the development of a country's strength.
First of all, although the concept of "vulnerable groups" was divided into necessary classes and necessary groups to varying degrees in the past, it did not include college students. In recent years, with the increasing employment and life difficulties of college students, college students have been virtually divided into real vulnerable groups. Adventureland's remarks are no longer alarmist, and the employment situation of college students is becoming increasingly severe. There are many explicit or implicit indifferent attitudes and discriminatory behaviors in society, which make college students with amblyopia unable to obtain equal employment rights, mercilessly deprived of the qualification of fair competition, and also triggered various social conflicts and contradictions.
According to the statistics of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and Ministry of Education, the number of college graduates in China was 265,438+200,000 in 2003, 2.8 million in 2004, 3.33 million in 2005, 465,438+300,000 in 2006, 4.95 million in 2007, 5.59 million in 2008 and 665,433 in 2008. From the detailed data observation, it can be seen that the number of graduates has surged, totaling 35.33 million in eight years. According to the statistics of education authorities, the employment rate of graduates in 2009 was only 35%. In addition, it is an indisputable fact that students who have graduated from employment in the past can see how severe the current employment situation is without thinking about the existence of false employment information. In the past, graduates did not have a good employment environment, and a group of people came, and the shortage of ideal jobs was more obvious. Although many enterprises are facing the shortage of labor, the jobs they bring are ordinary jobs, and the whole society is encouraging college students to go to the grassroots level and start from the basics, but this is contrary to the ultimate intention of going to school, and even constitutes a situation of useless education. So that they can't be high or low, and thus go to the vulnerable groups and marginal groups of society.
Secondly, the reason why it is difficult for college students to find jobs is that they have many problems. On the one hand, many college students have low professional quality and comprehensive quality, lack of practical experience and extremely poor practical potential. Can't do the tasks assigned by the leaders in specific work, and blame others; On the other hand, there are also wrong employment concepts among college students. Many college students are bound by traditional ideas and have high expectations for work. They always pretend to be "favored by heaven", with too high a posture, lacking an accurate evaluation of themselves and reality, and lacking a correct employment mentality. All these need to strengthen the cultivation of college students' own quality, change their employment concept, adjust their employment mentality, establish the career development concept of "employment first, then choosing a job, then starting a business", recognize their current situation clearly, don't be too eager for quick success, reasonably reduce their employment expectations, and pay attention to their own experience accumulation and skill training. We should strengthen social practice, seize all available opportunities to improve our comprehensive quality and professional level, and actively apply for jobs through various forms and channels.
In addition, another reason for this situation is an enterprise. Since the second half of 2009, the aftermath of the financial crisis has gradually receded and the form of employment has greatly recovered. Although many enterprises are facing the dilemma of labor shortage, some employers discriminate seriously against college students in experience and gender, and cannot bring a reasonable platform. In addition, some enterprises do not enforce the labor law enough and lack the business philosophy of cultivating and retaining talents, so that they watch the brain drain. This mainly shows that the current salary of enterprises is unreasonable, resulting in mismatched jobs and insufficient enforcement of labor laws. Many enterprises find fault with graduates' JA, put forward some very harsh terms of employment agreements, extend the probation period without authorization, and occupy the fruits of graduates' labor without compensation. Although the state has stepped up the efforts of standardization and adjustment in this respect, enterprises have not cooperated cautiously. If the salary of every enterprise is equal to the basic salary of civil servants and employees of public institutions, and every employee has social security such as endowment insurance, housing accumulation fund, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, work injury insurance and maternity insurance, and the legitimate rights and interests of workers are effectively protected, then it will no longer be compared with civil servants, and the phenomenon of pursuing the road of civil servants will retreat, thus serving enterprises in a down-to-earth manner.
In addition, the minimum living standard of college students is not guaranteed, and the government mechanism is not perfect, which also leads to the difficulty of employment and life for college students. At the moment, for farmers, state cadres, civil servants and other different groups, relevant safeguard measures have been formulated and implemented: civil servants have relatively high treatment, perfect social security such as medical care and old-age care; Farmers also gradually implement old-age insurance, rural cooperative medical insurance and low-income subsidies to poor households. Unemployed college students have everything and become neglected vulnerable groups and marginal groups. In this regard, the state should also formulate the relevant security system for unemployed college students under the people-oriented situation, so as to promote the balanced and harmonious development of society and promote the construction of social attention.
Another survey shows that although a large number of college graduates have the passion to start a business, most of them are limited by such difficulties. Although the state and government give preferential treatment to a certain extent. However, the mechanism of college students' self-employment is not perfect, and there are still many problems in policy, such as complicated procedures. In terms of college students' entrepreneurship, the state and government should increase investment in venture capital and give preferential treatment. We should support and guide college students' entrepreneurship from the policy, build an entrepreneurial platform for young students who are interested in entrepreneurship, give entrepreneurial training, help them raise funds, and give corresponding preferential policies, so as to "help them get on the horse and give them a ride". Effectively solve venture capital and technical problems.
Finally, I think that in order to effectively solve these graduates, it is required that no matter which industry or department, it must constitute the necessary employment ratio. On the one hand, the government should standardize and improve the labor security system of enterprises and absorb some people; On the other hand, many government departments should also solve the employment problem of some students in a planned and necessary way. Enterprises should have a long-term vision and strive to cultivate college students into groups that can bring vitality and productivity to enterprises, rather than just treating college students as labor. As college students, we can't regard ourselves as a vulnerable group that needs social care. We should have a clear understanding of the current employment situation, bearing in mind that the first priority of Scientific Outlook on Development is to develop, study hard and cultivate our professional quality and skills, and believe that gold will shine everywhere. Only with real potential and strength can we be understood by the society and enterprises and create the brilliance of our own life!
Fourth, the results of the actual investigation:
(A), job expectations after graduation
At present, college students are more and more rational in choosing jobs, so they can choose jobs that suit them from the actual situation, such as the choice of work direction and job position. At this moment, it has gradually formed a good trend of choosing a job for yourself, instead of choosing a job for a major in the past. Up to now, our statistical results show that about 34% graduates are engaged in jobs unrelated to their majors, and only 38% graduates are engaged in jobs closely related to their majors. Moreover, from the observation of the current social development, a considerable number of college students choose to find jobs after graduation, find their own economic sources based on society, and then find the job that suits them best. According to our statistics of 300 surveys, only about 38% of graduates have never changed jobs, while about 42% of on-the-job college graduates want to change more than two jobs.
(B), self-expectation and business expectations
About 97% of the graduates said that they are competent for their current jobs, but their poor practical potential and lack of necessary professional skills are the main reasons for their heavy work pressure. Correspondingly, more than half of the graduates said that they are most looking forward to upgrading their professional skills in enterprises, and only 2 1% of them are looking forward to promotion and further study abroad. As can be seen from the above, the graduates surveyed pay more attention to the improvement of their professional skills in their career, rather than simply for temporary interests.
From this, we deeply realize that as college students, we must pay attention to the promotion of practical potential, participate in social practice more, do more part-time jobs related to majors, not be limited to books and classes, but combine professional knowledge with practice in order to adapt to society as soon as possible in the future.
(3), employment information and ways
According to the survey, the information that graduates are most concerned about when they graduate is the employment situation of their major and the employment standards of employers, which reach 36% and 20% respectively. It can be seen that college graduates expect an opportunity to communicate with employers. In addition, job-hunting skills have also become a hot spot of concern, which shows that it is really necessary for schools to offer employment guidance courses and employment guidance lectures. They said that it was easier to get employment information at that time through special employment lectures, employment guidance websites and campus job fairs. However, they also said that the campus job fair has little practical effect. The emerging online job search and traditional talent recruitment market are the main employment channels for graduates. It is in line with international practice and occupies a necessary proportion to introduce employment through acquaintances.
(4) Career planning
Through the statistics of the questionnaire results, we can see that about half of the graduates said that they began to think about employment when they were sophomores and juniors, and about 10% people began to think about it when they were seniors or graduated. Among the career planning options in colleges and universities, only about 1 1% people know about career planning and how to plan it, and 59% people don't know about career planning. It can be seen that, at least in recent years, most college graduates have a weak sense of career planning in universities. And most people say that the career development courses brought by the school are of little help. Only 9% of the graduates were satisfied with the career development guidance seminar brought by the school, but at the same time, 25% said that the school did not have this service at that time. It can be seen that the course of career planning has not been popularized in colleges and universities, and the quality of the course is generally not high, which can not meet the needs of students. It should be an important task for colleges and universities to offer career planning courses and related lectures to improve the quality of employment guidance.
three
The employment of college students has increasingly become the focus of social attention. With the completion of the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities nationwide, "the difficulty of college students' employment" has also become a prominent problem. Yuan Guiren, Minister of Education, said at the national teleconference on employment of college graduates in XX: The adverse impact of the international financial crisis on China's employment has not been eliminated. If XX is the most difficult and possibly the most complicated year for China's economy, the employment situation at the macro level will be very severe. The number of graduates in 20** years is 7.2 million, and the number of graduates who have not achieved employment in the past can be imagined.
In view of the current situation of college students' employment difficulties, the government has taken various measures to help them find jobs. In addition to expanding employment channels, increasing jobs and promoting employment through state investment, college students' self-employment is regarded as an important way to solve the employment problem. Dalian is a place where colleges and universities gather. At present, there are 22 colleges and universities with nearly 260,000 college students. How to solve the huge number of college students' employment every year has become an important information of Dalian municipal government.
On the university campus, some college students are bent on finding a good job but don't know how to start. Some students try to get in touch with the society, and some students have begun to use some resources brought by the school society to enter the enterprise internship. "Employment" is no longer strange to college students, nor is it an unattainable mystery. However, we are still confused about how college students find their favorite jobs, although many successful senior students come to the school to teach their experiences and give us pertinent suggestions. But "practice makes knowledge", what skills do college students need to cultivate during their school years, how to choose enterprises, and what kind of support policies does the state have for college students' employment? With these questions, our practice team began our exploration.
Subject 1 survey time of college students' employment view: XX years 165438+ 10/.
If we want to solve the problem, we must start with the reasons. We have learned about the current employment situation of college students and related information through various channels, so as to analyze the methods to deal with employment problems more accurately.
On June/KOOC-0/65438+/KOOC-0/October/KOOC-0/XX, questionnaires were distributed in Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Maritime University and Dongbei University of Finance and Economics. This questionnaire is aimed at students of different majors and grades, covering a wide range.
We divided the team into three groups, each with its own position and object. In the process of issuing questionnaires, some students went deep into the dormitory and patiently explained their intentions. The students' reactions are very different. Some students concentrate on participating, but some students are not. When we knock on the door to stop passers-by, we should all save enough courage, and we also exercise ourselves in the process. This opportunity is rare. When we sent out the information in the questionnaire, they expressed their expectation to get some information about college students' employment from us. We gave them a heartfelt response and told them what we knew.
After analysis and summary, we believe that the current employment outlook of college students mainly includes the following points:
1. Regarding the attitude towards the first job, it is obviously more important to choose a classmate with accumulated experience and careful selection than to find a high-income classmate at all costs. This shows that college students have the necessary planning for their career, and their vision is long-term, which has greatly improved compared with the previous focus on immediate interests.
2. In the choice of enterprise types, government agencies, foreign-funded enterprises, private enterprises, state-owned units and institutions, students have their own choices. However, in terms of self-employment, students all expressed their expectation to enter the enterprise first and gain the necessary experience and support before thinking.
3. In the employment cities, most students choose to stay in the graduation cities and go to big cities for development, and they all say that there are greater opportunities for development in these places. However, few people will take the initiative to go to underdeveloped enterprises such as the west, which proves that students' sense of social responsibility needs to be improved.
4. On the expected salary after the probation period, students generally choose the standard of more than 3,000 yuan. Choosing this standard for different majors and types of students shows that college students lack a deep understanding and analysis of themselves. This lack of self-knowledge is the reason why there are strange phenomena in the process of job hunting.
5. Among the most important factors for college students to choose a company, most students choose a company management system with good training and learning opportunities, career development system and norms. It shows that all students have clear career plans and seek further development in modest study.
6. At the same time, in the questionnaire, students think that the employment situation of college students is more severe in recent years, and it is difficult to find employment. However, among the confusing factors in the process of job hunting, the options such as insufficient mastery of enterprise professional knowledge, inadequate understanding of enterprise employment standards, insufficient work experience and insufficient understanding of career planning have become hot topics for students. In solving this difficult employment problem, students have expressed that they can adjust their career expectations, adjust their employment mentality, seek necessary employment guidance and plan their careers reasonably.
7. In terms of national college students' employment, students all expressed a general understanding. However, they all said that national policies will help college students find jobs.
After this survey, we found that every college student expects a good development in the future. College students have a necessary understanding of today's employment situation, have their own views on today's employment problems, have unlimited expectations for their future and are full of confidence. However, we should not be blindly optimistic. We should see the problems existing in current employment, such as the great competitive pressure, the great difference between supply and demand of employers, and the lack of experience of recent graduates. How to adjust their mentality and strive to improve their potential is the main problem that contemporary college students should think about.
Topic 2: communicate with enterprises to understand their requirements for talents.
After understanding the students' basic problems and views on employment, the team students participated in the large-scale enterprise presentation held in the Materials Museum of Dalian University of Technology on June 5438+065438+1October 55438. There were more than a dozen enterprises recruiting at the presentation meeting. After a brief discussion, the process of communication with enterprises began.
Through communication, we have summed up the following points.
First, the principle of employing people in enterprises
When we asked the company what qualities it valued about the candidates, the company basically gave the same answer.
1, students work during school.
Entering the company means entering the society, and it is very necessary to cooperate and communicate with people. Enterprises believe that student work can enhance students' organization, coordination and communication potential and lay a solid foundation for future work. Therefore, enterprises pay more attention to the experience of social practice, social work and interpersonal potential during college. Among the comprehensive qualities, business leaders attach great importance to students' work experience during their college years. Companies with profound corporate culture, such as state-owned enterprises and central enterprises, will pay more attention to employees with various specialties.
2. About academic performance
Most companies will value the academic performance of candidates. Some demanding enterprises even expect to recruit students who have won scholarships and passed CET-4 and CET-6. Therefore, college students must not slack off in their studies, which is quite different from what we usually hear about the unimportant achievements in universities.
Second, the enterprise's requirements for employees
1, loyal to the enterprise.
First of all, cherish job opportunities. In the process of channel penetration, some small enterprises expressed reluctance to recruit college students. First, college students demand high salaries, but their own values often fail to meet the expectations of enterprises. The phenomenon of being superior in the classroom is very obvious. Secondly, many students will make some small enterprises into a springboard to enter the society. We don't aim at contributing to the enterprise, but at accumulating our own experience. After such enterprises have accumulated necessary experience, they will not hesitate to choose higher and better jobs, which has brought great troubles to enterprises. Work is the most important part of a person's life. Each of us should have a pious attitude towards our work. We should see the long-term benefits of work, not just the temporary hardship, the pressure of work and the bleak future.
2. Be enthusiastic about your work.
Many students have a perfect vision for work at school, but what they find after real work is different from what they imagined. Showing impetuousness, negativity and neglect. This situation makes enterprises very disappointed with the carefully selected employees. If a person has no enthusiasm and hobbies for work, can't make work a pleasure, feels that work is hard work and feels disgusted, then he will definitely not achieve anything. People can learn through work and gain experience, knowledge and self-confidence through work. The more enthusiasm and determination you have for your work, the higher your work efficiency will be. Dealing with heavy work, if you can finish it in a happy mood, it can also produce amazing results.
3. Be responsible for your work
Closely linking the interests of enterprises with their own interests, they have professionalism and team consciousness, strong professional skills, constantly summing up experience and constantly learning new knowledge, and good personal qualities, and are good employees that every enterprise expects. For every employee, the enterprise should be a second home and have the responsibility to make its own contribution to the enterprise. Even if you don't think the work at the moment is as good as you think, don't complain all day. Only from now on can you move towards the future.
Third, the misunderstanding of college students' employment summarized by enterprises
1, only mainstream industries are considered, and unpopular industries are ignored.
At the presentation, the booths of some popular industries were packed with students, compared with the predecessors of unpopular industries. In view of this unbalanced phenomenon, enterprises said that with the constant changes and development of economy and society, hot industries should not be hot for a long time, and unpopular industries should not be unpopular for a long time. Industry is the social division of labor, whether it is a hot industry or an unpopular industry, it is an integral part of the cause of the party and the state, and there is no distinction between high and low. As long as you do one thing, love one thing and study one thing, even if you are engaged in an unpopular industry, you can make a difference. Therefore, when choosing a job, you can give due consideration to marginal industries, cross-industries and emerging industries.
2. About the choice of workplace.
Students all think that it is difficult to realize their own value in employment in economically underdeveloped areas such as the central and western regions, and only pay attention to first-and second-tier cities. Enterprises say that economically developed areas are really attractive to the flow of talents. However, after years of absorption, the talents in developed areas have been relatively saturated, and there is even a phenomenon of high consumption of talents in some places. There is indeed a big gap between underdeveloped areas and developed areas in the central and western regions. However, due to the different industrial distribution and regional characteristics, as well as the resources and policy inclination brought by the national strategy of "revitalizing the central region", the central region has unique development prospects and advantages. Under the national policy, college students should cope with less survival pressure and more job opportunities.
3. In the choice of major.
It is considered that it is difficult to give full play to the advantages of professional counterpart work and it is limited to professional counterpart job hunting. Obviously, if you can find a professional job, it will undoubtedly be beneficial to your own development. However, it should be noted that college students not only have the advantages of professional skills, but also have the advantages of being young, eager to learn, with new ideas and high comprehensive quality. It is not terrible to find a job in a position with a different major. The key is how to deal with it and work hard.
4. Willing to apply for work in a foreign-funded enterprise.
In recent years, under the influence of the globalization of knowledge economy and regional economic integration, the management mode of domestic-funded enterprises in China has undergone great changes, and the scientific and technological content of products has also been greatly improved. Many domestic enterprises also have independent intellectual property rights and brands. College students working in domestic-funded enterprises will also be able to get exercise, give full play to their intelligence and achieve a career. In addition, under the severe influence of the current economic crisis, foreign-funded enterprises have been hit harder. It has brought more pressure and less room for development to young people. In contrast, state-owned enterprises often pay more attention to the cultivation of employees and the atmosphere of teamwork, so that fresh graduates can grow faster. Therefore, college students should treat foreign companies rationally and not blindly choose jobs.
As students of Dalian University of Technology, we should establish elite consciousness, become elite talents and shoulder the responsibility of the times. We should not only be confined to the school, but also go out of the school to contact the society, be brave in practice and understand the society, so as to be in line with the society and keep pace with the times. This practical activity not only brought us gains, but also inspired us to practice hard and keep learning in the future. I hope I can learn more about society through practical activities in the future!