summer
Xia is the first slave country in China, and its schools have clear written records, but there is no direct evidence. Education is mainly aimed at soldiers, with special emphasis on shooting and training warriors. The contents of education include military education, religious education and moral education.
business
In Shang Dynasty, ancient books were collated and recorded, with cultural relics as evidence. At that time, Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Wen Tao, Jinwen and other mature characters were already available. Universities, primary schools, Chinese studies and rural studies have different classifications. The educational content focuses on ideological and political education, music education and book number education. From Oracle Bone Inscriptions's point of view, there were schools in Shang Dynasty, and the schools had a certain scale. The slave owners and nobles attached great importance to school education.
Western Zhou Dynasty
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the state-owned land system of slave owners and nobles was implemented economically, and the enfeoffment system based on patriarchal clan system was implemented politically, and the ideology gradually changed from attaching importance to ghosts and gods to attaching importance to personnel. All these determine that the rulers attach great importance to education and have a high degree of monopoly. The school settings in the Western Zhou Dynasty are divided into two categories: 1, and according to the administrative level, they are divided into Chinese studies and rural studies. Sinology is a central school in Wang Du, which is specially set up for slave owners and aristocratic children. Rural schools are located in six towns outside the capital, that is, local schools, which are generally set up for the children of slave owners and some ordinary people. 2, according to the age of admission is divided into primary schools and universities. Because of different grades, the starting time of primary school and university education is different. Princes can receive primary education at the age of 8, princes and princes are 65,438+00 or 65,438+03, and ordinary students must reach 65,438+05. The study period of primary education is 7 years, during which we mainly study moral code of conduct and social life knowledge and skills. Prince 15 years old receives university education, public officials and civilians need to be at least 20 years old, and the length of university education is 9 years.
The Western Zhou Dynasty paid special attention to moral education, with Ren Ming Lun as the core. Students learn six arts at school: etiquette (political ethics), music (comprehensive art), shooting (archery), writing (writing) and counting (calculation).
Family education in the Western Zhou Dynasty can be seen from the following sentence: "Children can eat and teach their right hands. The only men who can talk are Wan Yu, a straight woman, Lugo, and Ruth. Six years, teaching number and name. For seven years, men and women are not at the same table and don't eat. Within eight years, when you enter the portal and have an impromptu meal, you must respect your elders first and then teach them. Nine years, teaching for a few days. In ten years, I will be a foreigner and live outside. The secretary of the school, ... a woman never leaves for ten years, obedient. " Babies should be taught to eat with their right hand when they can eat. When you start to learn to speak, you should first teach him how to answer the greetings of adults. Boys should answer straight and girls should answer tactfully. Boys want Paige's belt, and girls want Perth's belt. When the child is six years old, teach him to count and know the direction of east, west, north and south. At the age of seven, neither boy nor girl can sit on a mat or use a tableware. At the age of eight, I started comity training. When eating in and out of the gate, let the old people line up in front of themselves. At the age of nine, I had to teach my children how to count dates. In addition to teaching to arrange ages and dates by natural numbers, we should also learn the special collocation method used in ancient China. At the age of ten, the boy went out to school to learn writing and calculation. He could no longer live in the back room. When a girl reaches the age of ten, she no longer leaves the boudoir, and the nanny or mother will teach the female workers. Learn hemp and spinning.