At the beginning, Sun Quan said to Lv Meng, "You are in charge now, not to study!" ! "Lv Mengyong army has all kinds of excuses. Quan said, "Is it evil for you to study classics as a doctor? "? But when you dabble, look over. Too much talk, who is lonely? I often study alone, which I think is of great benefit. "Monroe began to learn.
Lu () sought Yang and consulted with Meng. He was surprised and said, "Only today's nobles can be smart. Don't restore Wu to Amon!" Lv Meng said: "The upright people have been watching for a few days. You know how late it is when you look at something so late." Su Sui's mother made friends and stayed.
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At first, Sun Quan said to Lv Meng, "You are in charge of affairs now, so you can't stop studying!" Lv Meng refused for many military reasons. Sun Quan said, "Do I want you to learn Confucian classics and become a knowledge-imparting person?" ! It's just that you have to have a general look and get to know the history. You said there were many affairs in the army. Can you compare with me? I often read books, and I think (reading is good for me). "So, Lv Meng began to learn.
Lu Su went to see Yang and talked about what was going on in the world. Lu Su said in surprise: "Your current talent and strategy are not the same as Amon in Wuxian!" Lu Meng said: "If you are separated from ambitious scholars for many days, you must treat others in different ways. How can my brother recognize things so late? " So Lu Su met Monroe's mother, made friends with Monroe and left.
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Reading rhythm
At first, everyone said, "You can't learn!" Mongolia/resigned from the military to undertake multiple tasks. Quan said, "Is it evil for a doctor to be lonely/desire/study classics? But when/dabble, see/hear. Qing Yan/Multitasking, Who/If/Lonely? Lonely/often reading, I think it is very beneficial. " When you are enlightened, school begins. And/Lu Su tried to find Yang and discuss with Meng/. He was surprised and said, "Qing/present is just a little bit, not restoration/Wu Xia dream!" " Meng said: "It's too late to say goodbye/three days, just treat each other more/more, big brother!" " Sue-hence mother, make friends and stay.
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Word translation
Word explanation
1, Chu: At the beginning, here are the established words of recalling the past.
2. Power: refers to Sun Quan, whose name is Zhong. In the first year of Huanglong (A.D. 222), he was called Wang Yu Jianye (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), with the title of Wu. He soon moved to Wuchang (now Sun Yicheng, Hubei). Proclaimed himself emperor in 229.
3. Prophecy: Tell, tell ... Often used with "Yue".
4. Qing: the nickname of the ancient monarch to the minister or the elder to the younger generation.
5. Today: Now.
6. Tu: Same as Tu. Dangtu Dangdao: Dangtu Dangdao means Dangdao. In charge of affairs (objection: Dangtu: place name).
7. Remarks: Avoid.
8. Multitasking: There are many things and many chores. Business, business.
9. Loneliness: the idea of ancient princes.
10, Confucian classics. "Classics" refers to the four books and five classics, the four books are Daxue, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius, and the five classics are The Book of Songs, Shangshu, Book of Rites, Yijing and Chunqiu.
1 1. Dr.: a scholar who was responsible for teaching Confucian classics at that time.
12, but: only, only.
13, dabble in: rough reading
14, looking over: understanding history. Look, look, look; The past refers to history.
15, er: that's all.
16, yes: so, just.
17 and: It should be ...
18, passed: arrived; Arrive.
19, Xunyang: county name, now southwest of Huangmei, Hubei.
20. Talent and strategy: military or political talent and strategy.
2 1, uncomplicated: no longer.
22. Big Brother: Big Brother, this is a courtesy title for elders of the same generation.
23. If if: Who can compare; Who is like (me)? Who: who, if: comparable.
24, gang: engaged in.
25, then: so, just.
26. Three days in never say goodbye: People who study are separated for a few days. Three: a few days, which means "less" (different from the usually explained "more").
27. He: Why?
28. Monroe: Zi Ming, a great general of Wu in the Three Kingdoms period, was born in Pi Fu, Runan (now Fuyang, Anhui).
29. Ear: a modal particle indicating restriction, which is equivalent to "JIU".
30. Start: Start.
3 1, and: and.
32. discussion: talk about it.
33. Big: Very, very big.
34. surprise: surprise.
35. Today: Now.
36. Speaker: After the time word, there is no translation.
37. Answer: Again.
38. that is: just.
39. Goodbye: visit.
40. Wait: Wait.
4 1, Wuxia Amon: It means that when Monroe was in Wuxia, there were no talents. Wu Xia, referring to Wu County, is in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province today. Amon: It refers to Monroe, with an "A" in front of her name, which means intimacy.
42, more: re.
43. Looking at each other with new eyes means looking at them with different eyes. Scrape your eyes: wipe your eyes.
44, more: re.
45, evil (yé): preach "yeah", modal particle.
46. Hu: ah A tone of exclamation.
47. use: use.
48. See things: recognize things.
49. hey: no.
50. When: I should.
5 1, benefit: benefit.
52: Return.
Common words
Loneliness, do you want to study the classics in Qing Dynasty as the evil of medicine? Expressing rhetorical tone is equivalent to "horse".
Today, your main painting: painting, thoroughfare.
polysemy
When:
But when dabbling in (should)
Dangtu is in charge (verb: positive)
See:
See the past (understand)
Brother, why do you think it's too late?
Ancient and modern synonyms
Word, ancient meaning: refuse. I was told to do a lot of things in the army
Modern significance: beautiful words.
Governance and ancient meaning: textual research (whether to treat Confucian classics as the evil of doctors)
Modern meaning: governance
Ancient meaning: it's time … (and Lu Su's "Looking for Yang")
Meaning: and.
Passing by, ancient meaning: arrive. (and Lu Su's "Looking for Yang")
Meaning: After.
More, ancient meaning: re. (just be kind to each other)
Meaning: more.
But, as the old saying goes, only. (But when dabbling)
Modern meaning: turning conjunctions, but.
Doctor, ancient meaning: a scholar who was in charge of teaching Confucian classics at that time. I don't want to be your doctor who studies classics.
Meaning: the name of the degree.
Past events and ancient meanings: history (see past events)
Modern significance: a thing of the past
Big, ancient meaning: very (self-righteous)
Modern meaning: refers to the area, volume, capacity, quantity, intensity and strength that exceed the average level or the compared objects.
Loneliness and ancient meaning: ancient princes called themselves "I" (loneliness, do you want to learn Confucian classics with a doctor's evil)
Meaning: loneliness, loneliness
Just, the ancient meaning: near (becoming a monk)
Modern significance: just
Special sentence patterns
inverted sentence
There are all kinds of excuses in Lv Mengyong's army.
Namely: Mongolian and Israeli military rhetoric. (Preposition structure is postpositioned)
a rhetorical question
Lonely, do you want to be a doctor?
Too much talk, who is lonely?
elliptical sentence
Too much talk, who is lonely?
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Truth of the article
1) Through Sun Quan, Lv Meng was advised to study, and the story that Lv Meng made great progress after reading tells us that it is beneficial to open books.
2) Don't look at others with a fixed attitude, but look at things with an open eye.
3) Don't give up studying just because things are busy. It is beneficial to persist in learning.
4) Be good at listening to others' good suggestions or opinions and doing them.
5) Tell us that as long as one dabbles extensively, one will learn something.
6) We should not only learn well, but also urge people nearby to learn and make the society progress together.
7) Don't be too proud, be modest.
8) Persuade people to pay attention to strategy.
9) You can't find an excuse to give up.
10) As long as you study hard, you will certainly accumulate and learn.
1 1) Compared with Shang, it highlights the importance of acquired education.
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Idioms in this article
Wu Xia Amon, scratch my face and say goodbye for three days.
Amon under Wu generally refers to people who lack knowledge and talent, which means that people's knowledge is still very shallow.
Farewell for three days means to see each other more: it means to get rid of old ideas and look at people or things with new eyes.
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Teaching Reference of People's Education Press
Overall grasp
This article is adapted from previous history books. Because the previous history books have been recorded in detail and there is no new historical data to supplement them, this paper rewrites the relevant records of the previous history books according to the principle of ellipsis. Compared with the words quoted by Pei Songzhi in The Story of the Three Kingdoms and Wu Mengchuan, this article is only 1 19. Although extremely simple, it is well cut, which not only retains the essence of the original text and the integrity of the story, but also highlights the elegance of the characters with a more refined style. This is a successful rewrite.
This article is about Monroe's "beginner" under Sun Quan's persuasion, and soon her talent was amazing, which made Lu Su gasp in admiration and make friends with him. It can be divided into two layers: one is to write Sun Quan's "Persuade Learning" and Lu Meng's "Start Reading"; Later, Lu Su wrote "Discussion with Mongolia" and "Make Friends and Leave".
The notes in this article are concise, and the full text only includes two parts: Sun Quan's Persuasion and Lu Su's Discussion with Meng, that is, explain the cause of the matter first, and then write the result, instead of how to learn and how to improve your talent. The result of writing things is not directly about how Monroe studied and succeeded, but vividly reflects Monroe's great progress, Sun Quan's exhortation and Lu Su's trinity of cherishing heroes, which fully shows the author's profound writing skills.
Problem research
1. How does this article express the characters through dialogue?
This paper focuses on expressing characters through dialogue. The dialogue is concise, vivid and interesting. A few words can make people feel the tone, expression and psychology of the three characters when they speak.
Sun Quan advised him to study, and first pointed out to Lv Meng the necessity of "learning", that is, because of his important position as a servant, he had to study. Then he appeared and pointed out the possibility of "learning". So that Monroe could not refuse, "this is the beginning of learning." From Sun Quan's words, we can not only see his good words, but also feel his closeness, concern and expectation to Lv Meng, without losing his status as a master. "To be a talented person in today's life, you have to admire". It can be seen that Lu Su was surprised. In his eyes, Monroe has changed a lot, which shows that Monroe has made incredible and amazing progress because of "learning". It should be pointed out that Lu Su is not only superior to Monroe, but also knowledgeable. What he said can show that Monroe's progress is really extraordinary. "Don't say goodbye for three days, when you treat each other, why is it too late for Big Brother to see things?" This is Monroe's ingenious response to Lu Su's admiration. "Three days" is a short time. "Shaving your eyes" means wiping your eyes to show your surprise and disbelief. Besides, he loves talents very much. From Lu Meng's answer, we can see that he is quite complacent. His well-deserved calm attitude shows that he has made great progress. Sun Quan's words are exhortation, while Lu Su's and Monroe's words are ridicule, with different moods.
In this paper, Lu Su and Monroe laughed and joked with each other, showing their true temperament and harmonious relationship, showing Monroe's "learning" under Sun Quan's persuasion, and showing Monroe's achievements and vivid pen and ink in learning, which is the most exciting part of the whole paper.
2. Why did Lu Su "make friends" with Monroe?
The article ends with "Su Sui, the mother of Paimon, made friends and left". Lu Su took the initiative to "make friends" with Monroe because Lu Su was impressed by Monroe's talent and was willing to make friends with him. This shows that Lu Su respects and loves talents, and they are congenial. This last stroke is the aftertaste of Lu Su's "Discussion with Meng", which further shows the amazing progress of Monroe's talent from the side.
Practice note
First of all, read the text carefully and think about what the change of Lu Meng has inspired you.
The purpose of setting the topic is to make students understand the content of the text and be inspired by it.
Read the text aloud and pay attention to the tone expressed by the words added in the following sentences.
The purpose of the topic is to let students know the mood expressed by several modal particles in the text. Modal words in classical Chinese play an important role in expressing feelings and meanings, and they are numerous and flexible in usage, so we should pay attention to accumulating them at any time in the process of learning classical Chinese. The usage of modal particles in classical Chinese should be understood by reading aloud.
1. Lonely, do you want to be a doctor?
Evil: Tong "Ye" indicates rhetorical tone, which is equivalent to "Ma".
But when you dabble, you can see the past.
Ear: it means restrictive mood, which can be translated as "just"
3. Brother, why is it too late?
Almost: expressing an exclamation tone is equivalent to "ah"
4. What does the word "panic" reflect from the side?
The word "fear" reflects the problem of "how to learn". .
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Character image
As the ruler of Jiangdong, Sun Quan is mature and steady, convincing and patient to his subordinates, and caring for them at the same time. As one of the four generals in Jiangdong, Monroe (Zhou Yu, Lu Su, Monroe and Lu Xun) has a generous military nature, is modest and eager to learn, and makes rapid progress. Lu Su is sincere and Sun Quan's most valued counselor. He is good at making friends with talented people and respecting and caring for them.
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related data
Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government
Zi Tong Zhi Jian was written by Sima Guang in the Northern Song Dynasty. 294 volumes, 30 volumes with reference materials, 30 volumes with contents, about 3 million words. Chronological history. Purple Tongzhi Sword records the historical events from the Warring States to the Five Dynasties *** 1362. Sima Guang's Eight Volumes from Warring States to Qin Ershi, named Tongzhi, entered Song Yingzong. In the third year of Zhiping (1066), he was ordered to set up a bookstore to continue compiling, which lasted 19 years until the seventh year of Zongshen Yuanfeng (1084). Zongshen learned from the mistakes of the ancestors of the former king and never made the same mistake again, so he named it "Zi Tongzhi Sword". The book began in the 23rd year of Zhou Weilie (403 BC) and ended in the 6th year of Zhou Shizong Xiande (959 BC). In addition to the seventeenth history, there are 222 kinds of materials, including unofficial history, biographies, anthologies and records. Liu Ban, Liu Shu, Fan Zuyu and Sima Kang. Help editors, everyone is responsible for their own strengths and parts. First, organize the materials into "clusters", then compile them into "long editions", and then finalize them by Sima Guang and delete them. The content is mainly political and military, with little economic culture. It records the historical events *** 1362 from the Warring States Period to the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. There is a "catalogue" for reference, which provides more systematic and complete information for historical research. Annotations mainly include Zi Yin Jian's Annotation at the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Yan Yan made up the mistakes in publishing by writing "Learning from the Same Resources as a Mirror" and did some work. It recorded the epic event *** 1362 from the Warring States to the Five Dynasties.
About the author Sima Guang
Sima Guang (1019165438+1October 17- 1086) is the son of Sima Chi. Han nationality, a native of Guangshan County, Henan Province, was born in Sushui Town, Xiaxian County, Shaanxi Province (now Shanxi Province), and was known as Mr. Sushui in the world. Sima Guang was a politician, writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. Born in Renzong, Yingzong, Zongshen and Zhezong Dynasties, he died as a teacher, Wen Guogong and Shi. He presided over the compilation of the first chronicle general history in the history of China-"Learning from the Same Experience". Sima Guang is gentle, humble and upright, and his personality under Confucian education is exemplary and has always been admired by people.
About Sun Quan
Sun Quan (182-252), the founding emperor of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. Zhong Mou, Han nationality, was born in Fuchun County, Wu Jun (now Fuyang, Zhejiang). Wu, the founding emperor of the Three Kingdoms period, reigned from 229 to 252. Legend has it that he is a descendant of China strategist Sun Wu. Sun Jian, the second son of Changsha satrap, pacified Jiangdong with his elder brothers Wuhou and Sun Ce in his childhood. At the beginning of 200, Sun Ce died, and Sun Quan succeeded him as the master of Jiangdong. In 2008, Sun Quan formed an alliance with Liu Bei, Chibi defeated Cao, and the situation of three points in the world was initially formed. In 2 19, Sun Quan took Jingzhou from Liu Bei, which greatly increased the territory of Wu. In 222, Sun Quan became the king of Wu, and in 229, he became the emperor, thus formally establishing the State of Wu.
About Lumen
Lu Meng (178-2 19, once said 180-22 1) was a native of Pi Fu (now southeast of Funan County, Anhui Province) in the Three Kingdoms, with clear words. During the Three Kingdoms, Wu was a great general. According to the Ministry of Sun Ce, Deng Dang took over his subordinates when he died. Starting from Sun Quan, he attacked various places and served as a corps commander in Yokono. Later, Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu and others broke Cao Cao in Chibi. I didn't learn Chinese at first, but then I listened to Sun Quan's advice and read more history books and art books. Lu Su called him "knowledgeable and would not return to Wu Xia Meng." (Later he made friends with Lu Su) Lu Su died, led the army on his behalf, attacked Guan Yu, the general of Shu, and occupied Jingzhou. He died soon.
About Zhou Yu, Lu Su and Meng Yue, Sun Quan and Lu Xun said ... When I was young, I was lonely, saying it was easy to escape from the play (it was difficult to pass the word "play"), but I was bold and courageous; When you grow up, you can learn more and raise a little surprise. You can be the second in Gong Jin, but you can't talk about it. Guan Yu's paintings are better than amethyst. "
(Excerpted from the Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi and Monroe)
About Lu Su
Lu Su (172~2 17), a famous politician, diplomat and strategist in Dongwu during the Three Kingdoms period, is about 1.8 meters tall today, Han nationality, living in Dongcheng (now Sihong lin huai zhen, Jiangsu). He is not only good at running the army, but also thoughtful and insightful. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms portrays him as a honest man, but ignores his talents, which is wrong.
Lu Su's father died when he was born, and he lived with his grandmother. Lu Su's family is extremely rich, but because no one in his ancestors was an official, although Lu Su's family is rich, it does not belong to the gentry class, but is only an aristocratic family with certain influence in the local area. According to the examination, Lu Su was handsome, ambitious and ingenious when he was young, and he loved fencing, riding and shooting. Lu Su is good at giving to others. Because of his rich family, he often calls teenagers together to talk about military training and martial arts. On sunny days, people go hunting in Nanshan (now known as Xuyi, Jiangsu), and on rainy days, people get together to practice martial arts.
Biography of the Three Kingdoms and Biography of Pei Songzhi's Notes and Citations on the River Table.
Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi and Monroe: "Lu Su took the place of Zhou Yu, and passed through Mengtun. Su Yi is still ignorant, or Su said,' General Lu's fame is becoming more and more obvious. You shouldn't treat him deliberately, but you should take care of him. I went to Yimeng. Meng drank too much and asked Sue, "You have a heavy responsibility and a close relationship with Guan Yu. "What are you going to do," Su Zao Times should say, "temporary charity." Meng said, "Although this matter is the same, Guan Yu is a tiger or a bear. Is it necessary to plan for safety? Because of the five strategies. Sue went to the table, patted him on the back and said, I don't know what you are capable of. So Paimon's mother made friends and left. When Quan said Meng, Jiang Qin said,' Your Majesty is in charge now, and you should learn to benefit others.' Meng said:' I always get into trouble in the army, but I'm afraid I can't go back to school. Quan said,' Do you want to be a doctor alone? But it's time to dabble in the past Too much talk, who is lonely? When I was a lonely teenager, I studied poetry, books, rites, Zuo Zhuan and Mandarin, but I didn't read Yi. Since the reunification, the chronicles of the three provinces (Historical Records, Hanshu and Dongguan Hanshu are three histories) and various military books all think it is of great benefit. If it is two people, you will be enlightened and you will learn. Why not do it? We should read Sun Tzu, Tamia Liu, Zuo Zhuan, Mandarin and Three History urgently. Confucius said, "It's no use thinking about it if you don't eat all day and stay up all night. It is better to learn. "Light Wudang military affairs, never put down the book, Meng De also claims to be old and studious, why don't you encourage yourself to learn evil? He studied tirelessly, and what he saw was invincible by the old Confucianism. After a generation of Zhou Yu, Lu Su often wanted to be wronged. Su Daimeng said behind his back: "I am called Big Brother, but I am very sensitive to martial arts. As for today, I have knowledge and don't want to go back to Wu to Amon. Meng said, "If you don't see me for three days, you will be even more surprised." . Brother, how can you call Hou? Brother, today's Gong Jin is unsustainable and close to Guan Yu. I am eager to learn. I think Zuo Zhuan is catchy, lively and heroic, but I am also quite conceited. Today and right, when there is a single complex (single complex, still strange and right, one of the ancient tactics), take Qing (Qing, when the "hometown." From Ruby) Wait. "The secret is to eliminate Chen's three strategies. Su Jing accepted and kept it a secret. Quan Chang sighed: "People are long and profitable, such as Jiang Qin, which is beyond our reach. If you are rich and respectful, you can read more books, enjoy books, value money and righteousness, and be a national scholar. Why not rest? "
A man of little learning
Pei Songzhi quoted Biography of Jiang Biao: "When Quan said Meng, Jiang Qin said,' You are in charge now, so you should learn from yourself.' Gaspard monge: "In the army, I often have many tasks. I'm afraid I can't go back to school. Quan said,' Do you want to be a doctor alone? But it's time to dabble in the past Who is lonely when you talk too much? When I was a lonely teenager, I studied poetry, books, rites, Zuo Zhuan and Mandarin, but I didn't read Yi. Since the reunification, the three provincial histories and various military books have considered it of great benefit. If it is two people, you will be enlightened and you will learn. Why not do it? Read The Art of War, Six Classics, Zuo Zhuan, Mandarin and Three History. "... I have been studying since I was a child, and I am tireless in my determination. What I have seen is incomparable to old Confucianism. After a generation of Zhou Yu, Lu Su often wanted to be wronged. Su Daimeng said behind his back: "I am called Big Brother, but I am very sensitive to martial arts. As for today, I have knowledge and don't want to go back to Wu to Amon. "
Description: Wu Xia refers to Wu Dong. Amon refers to the Dongwu general Monroe. He was not knowledgeable enough, so Sun Quan advised him and Jiang Qin to read more military books and history books. Lv Meng's diligent study is of great benefit. Lu Su talked with him and was often refuted by Monroe. Lu Su said approvingly, You are no longer the old Wu Dong Amon. Later, he praised others as "Wu Xia Amon", which changed a lot and made obvious progress; Or conversely, modesty means that you have not made progress. Jin Yuanmin's Reading Yu Xiong's Poems: "Wuxia Amon won't go to Japan, and the new article is about Jiuquan." Huang Qing Ren Jing's "Wen Zhi Ding Cun Mu You": "Amongwu is still the same, and he wants to go to church tomorrow."