Argumentative writing is a common style that takes argumentation as the main way of expression, and directly expresses the author's views and opinions by putting facts and reasoning. Using vivid narration to indirectly express the author's thoughts and feelings is different from narrative writing, which focuses on introducing or explaining the shape, nature, causes and functions of things, and is also different from explanatory writing.
Writing steps of argumentative essay
1, citation: refers to materials.
2, Ming: is to put forward the argument concisely, get to the point, to the point, and point out the central argument.
3. Analysis: Analyze and discuss the information provided in the materials. Such as the analysis of the relationship between characters, the prediction of results, the questioning of reasons, etc.
4. Link: This is the key to the article. We should start with the material, which can be related to historical figures and stories, as well as real life, present people and present events; You can give positive examples or negative proofs; You can put facts, or you can make sense.
5. Profound: In-depth analysis, revealing the essence, digging the root causes, emphasizing the significance, discussing the harm and conducting dialectical analysis.
6. Conclusion: Summarize and summarize the full text. Appropriately deepen or expand the discussion, or reiterate the argument, take care of the beginning, or propose solutions, or issue a call.
Examination questions
1. Argument (what to prove) Argument should be a complete expression of the author's point of view and a complete, concise and clear sentence in form. Judging from the full text, it will be able to control the full text. The form of expression is often a judgment sentence expressing affirmation or negation, and it is a clear statement sentence.
A. grasp the argument of the article. Only one central argument (command sub-argument) (1) is clear: there can be n sub-arguments (to supplement and prove the central argument).
⑵ Method ① Find from the location: such as title, beginning, middle and end. ② Analyze the arguments of the article. (It can be used to test whether the expected argument is appropriate) ③ Abstract method (only argument is divided, regardless of the central argument)
B. analyze how the argument is put forward: ① summarize the argument after putting facts and reasoning; ② Cut to the chase and put forward the central argument; (3) Propose topics according to the phenomena existing in life, and summarize the central arguments through analysis and discussion; (4) Summarize the central argument after describing the author's experience; ⑤ The author asks questions from the story, then analyzes and infers them step by step, and finally draws a conclusion and puts forward the central argument.
2. Argument (with what proof) (1) Argument type: (1) Fact argument (summarize after giving examples, and strictly summarize arguments); (2) argument (quote famous words to analyze).
(2) The arguments should be true, reliable and typical (subject matter, country, ancient and modern, etc.). ). (3) Sequential arrangement (reference argument); (4) judging whether the argument can prove the argument; 5] Supplementary arguments (proof arguments).
3, argument (how to prove)
(1) model law (must be four words)
(1) Demonstration through examples (example method) Narration of factual arguments (as examples in explanatory texts)
(2) Argument (citation and reasoning) Argument discussion.
(3) Comparative argument (itself can also be an example argument and a reason argument)
(4) Metaphor argumentation metaphor is a metaphor in expository writing and a metaphor in prose.
2 Analysis and demonstration process:
(1) How the argument was put forward; (2) How the argument is proved (which truths and facts are used, and whether there are positive and negative analysis and reasoning); (3) Contact the structure of the full text, whether there is an abstract.
(3) Integrity of argument (A: Make the argument more comprehensive and complete, and avoid misunderstanding)
(4) The function of analysis and argumentation: to prove the argument in this paragraph.
4. The structure of argumentative essay ① General form: ① Introduction (asking questions)-② Theory (analyzing problems)-③ Conclusion (solving problems).
⑵ Type: ① Parallel type ② Progressive type ③ Total score formula ④ Total score formula ② Total score formula.
5, refute the reading of the paper
(1) What is the wrong viewpoint that the author wants to refute?
(2) How does the author refute it, and what reasons and arguments are used;
(3) From this, what is the correct view established by the author?
6. Common test sites
(1), argumentation test center:
First, distinguish between the issue discussed and the author's views on this issue (that is, distinguish between topics and arguments).
Second, pay attention to the position of the argument in the text:
(1) At the beginning of the article, this is the so-called writing.
(2) At the end of the article, it is the so-called induction of the full text, pointing out the topic at the end of the article and revealing the writing method of the center. This kind of writing is often used to express the argument clearly. So, in short, therefore, in short, in the final analysis, and so on.
Third, distinguish between the central argument and the sub-argument: the sub-argument is generally located at the beginning of the paragraph or has iconic words: first, second, third, etc.
Fourth, we should pay attention to the expression form of the argument: sometimes the topic is the central argument. An argumentative essay has only one central argument.
Fifth, refute the inference point through arguments: arguments serve to prove arguments, and analyzing arguments can show what it proves, affirms and supports. This is an argument.
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