Gorky's father is a carpenter. Gorky lost his father at the age of four and was taken back to his grandparents' home by his mother. Later, in addition to living briefly with my mother and stepfather in other places, I spent my childhood mainly at my grandparents' home. Grandparents have a great influence on Gorky. Grandfather was born in poverty. When he was young, he worked as a porter on the Volga River. Later, he made a fortune by printing and dyeing, and became the president of the printing and dyeing guild in his city, which has a considerable social status. Although Gorky's two uncles failed to inherit his stepfather's business, they divided up part of Gorky's grandfather's property, and his grandparents' family was still relatively rich. Gorky's childhood, can go to school, but also contact with many people at the bottom. Later, Gorky's grandfather's large loan was lost due to the bankruptcy of the borrower, and his family's wealth was greatly reduced. When Gorky was ten years old, his grandfather asked Gorky to start working to make a living.

From the age of ten, Gorky had to make a living by himself. At first, he picked up garbage. When he was a teenager, he did many different jobs: delivering letters, doing chores in the kitchen, selling birds, salesman, painting icons, doing chores on ships, apprentice in bakeries, doing chores on construction sites, night watchman, railway workers and doing chores in law firms.

190 1 year, he wrote the famous prose poem "Song of Haiyan", which shaped the brave Haiyan image symbolizing the great wisdom and courage of revolutionaries, predicted the coming revolutionary storm and inspired people to meet the great battle. This is an essay and ode of proletarian revolutionary fighting, which was warmly praised by Lenin.

1905 On the eve of the revolution, Gorky's creation turned to drama. From 190 1 to 1905, he wrote plays such as Little Citizen, Bottom, Summer Traveler, Son of the Sun and Man Zi. Especially the ordinary citizens and the bottom class, show the new image and new mental outlook of workers in real life, and show their determination and optimism to fight for rights. Their performance caused a sensation in the Russian drama circle at that time.

Gorky wrote the novel Mother and the play Enemy in 1906, which marked that his creation reached a new peak. Mother created the heroic images of the first batch of proletarian revolutionaries who consciously fought for socialism in the history of world literature, which is the foundation stone of socialist realistic literature. Lenin affirmed its practical significance.

1905 after the failure of the revolution, Gorky went to the United States and Italy to write a series of political articles, attacking the western capitalist system and various reactionary ideological trends that flooded the ideological and literary circles. The novella Confessions, written in 1908, exposed the idealism of creationism and was severely criticized and enthusiastically helped by Lenin. Nevertheless, Gorky's dominant tendency is still positive and full of revolutionary fighting spirit. In this paper, the characteristics of the new proletarian literary creation method are explored in many aspects, and the viewpoint of combining realism with romanticism is put forward. His creative achievements between the two revolutions are quite rich, such as The Town of Ogulov (1909), Summer (1909) and Matvei? The Life of Kremyakin (1910 ~191/Italian Fairy Tales (191~/) And the first two autobiographical novels trilogy Childhood and On Earth (1913 ~1916).

In the ten years after the October Revolution, Gorky only wrote memoirs about the unique artistic style and important literary value of Lenin and some writers, as well as the final autobiographical trilogy My University (1922 ~ 1923) and Life of Artamonov Family (1924 ~ 1923). 192 1 year, he followed Lenin's suggestion and went abroad to recuperate. 193 1 after returning to China in, he began to create a voluminous epic masterpiece "Kerim? Samgin's life is an unfinished work. 1936 before his death, he also wrote Travel Notes of the Soviet Union (1929), The Story of a Hero and several plays Egor? Bulychov et al. (1932), Toschi Gaeff et al. (1933), Vasa? Nizhneva (1935), as well as a large number of literary theories, literary criticisms and political articles, have made great contributions to Marxist literary theory and socialist cultural undertakings.

Gorky is not only a great writer but also an outstanding social activist. He organized and established the Soviet Writers' Association and presided over the first writers' congress in the whole Soviet Union to cultivate new literary talents and actively participate in the cause of maintaining world peace.

Gorky went abroad for illness in 1922, during which he finished the novel The Life of the Aldamonov Family (1925).

After returning to China from 65438 to 0928, I witnessed the vigorous scene of socialist construction in the motherland and my blood was boiling. In his later years, he wrote many passionate features, political essays and critical articles, as well as an epic novel The Life of Kerim Samgin (1925- 1936).

Gorky presided over the first congress of Soviet writers in 1934 and was elected as the president of the congress.

Gorky died at 2: 30 on June 1936 at the age of 68.