Current location - Education and Training Encyclopedia - University ranking - Interesting knowledge of Chinese studies
Interesting knowledge of Chinese studies
1. sinology new knowledge network (what are the common knowledge of sinology)

Sinology New Knowledge Network (what are the common knowledge of sinology) 1. What is the common sense of Chinese studies?

The five zang-organs heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, six fu organs, stomach, gallbladder, triple energizer, bladder, large intestine and small intestine have seven emotions: joy, anger, sadness, joy, love, evil, desire for the five permanents, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, belief in five ethics, princes, ministers, fathers and sons, brothers, couples, friends and nuns. The eight major cuisines in China are Sichuan cuisine, Hunan cuisine, Shandong cuisine, Jiangsu cuisine, Zhejiang cuisine, Guangdong cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Anhui cuisine, Lithospermum, vermilion, realgar, alum and thorn stone. The seven parties are the five-tone palace of generous, small, slow, urgent, odd, even and complex colors of blue, yellow, red, white and black. The four major porcelain kilns, namely, large face carving, double carving, upper carving and Guangdong carving, are painting, music, sculpture, drama, literature, architecture and movies. Porcelain Zhou Kiln in Hebei, Longquan Kiln in Zhejiang, Jingdezhen Kiln in Jiangxi and Dehua Kiln in Fujian are six famous artists: Mei Lanfang, Cheng, Shang Xiaoyun and Xun Huisheng. White, red, red, blue, blue, ten evils: rebellion, rebellion, immorality, disrespect, unfilial, disharmony, injustice, civil strife, Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Legalists, famous scholars, Mohists, strategists, rogues, peasants, Huangshan in Anhui, Lushan in Jiangxi. Zhao Zhouqiao (Shijiazhuang, Hebei), Guangji Bridge, Luoyang Bridge and Lugou Bridge are four famous gardens in Hengshan, Hunan, Taihu, Hongze and Anhui. Lingyan Temple in Lingyuan [Suzhou, Jiangsu], Tiantai of Congress Temple in Zhejiang, Jiangling in yuquan temple in Hubei, Nanjing in qixia temple, Yueyang Tower in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Tengwang Pavilion in Nanchang, Jiangxi, Daguan Tower in Kunming, Yunnan and Zuiwengting Pavilion in Chu County, Anhui Province [West Lake in Hangzhou], Jingdezhen [Jiangxi], Foshan Town [Guangdong], Hankou Town [Hubei] and Zhuxian Town [Henan]. Confucius Temple Forest of Steles [Shandong Qufu Earthquake Forest of Steles [Xichang], South Gate Forest of Steles [Kaohsiung, Taiwan Province Province] Four famous pagodas [Dengfeng, Henan Province] Chihiro Pagoda [Chongsheng Temple, Dali, Yunnan Province] Four grottoes: Mogao Grottoes [Dunhuang, Gansu Province], Yungang Grottoes [Datong, Shanxi Province], Longmen Grottoes [Luoyang, Henan Province], Maijishan Grottoes [Tianshui, Gansu Province], Bailudong Academy [] Mount Emei in Sichuan and Mount Jiuhua in Anhui are four famous Taoist mountains: Wudang Mountain in Hubei, Longhu Mountain in Jiangxi, Yun Qi in Anhui and Qingcheng Mountain in Sichuan. Gold, wood, water, fire, earth, earth, earthquake, thunder, wind and water. Above it are heavenly stems (A, B, C, D, E, Ji, Ke, Xin, Ren and Gui), and below are earthly branches (Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai), which are exactly eight words, so they are called.

There are five stories about Fuxi, Nuwa and Shennong in Huang San: ① Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Yao and Shun; ② Mixi (Fuxi), Shennong, Huangdi, Yao and Shun; ③ Tai Hao, Huangdi, Zhuan Xu; ④ Shao Hao, Zhuan Xu, Yao and Shun; ⑤ Huangdi and Yandi. Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, three religions, Qing Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, Lingbao Buddha, Tian Jingjing, Moral Buddha, Supreme Jade Emperor, Zhongtian Arctic Emperor, Tianhou Palace, Tianhou Palace, Han Zhongli and Zhang He. Arhat meditation, Arhat Tiger, Arhat Crossing the River, Arhat Joy, Arhat Dragon Descent, Arhat Bowl Lift, Arhat Happy, Arhat Doorman, Arhat Riding Elephant, Arhat Hand Detective, Arhat Tota, Arhat Digging Ears, Vajraputra, Arhat Deer Sitting, Eighteen Levels of Hell [Level 1], Daoshan Hell [Level 2] and Boiling [Level 3]. Pot soup hell, iron bed hell on the eighth floor, mountain building hell on the ninth floor, ice hell on the tenth floor, skinning hell on the eleventh floor, beast hell on the twelfth floor, sword hell on the thirteenth floor, iron mill hell on the fourteenth floor and torture hell on the fifteenth floor.

2. Begging for the common sense of Chinese studies, it is best to use it as an examination question.

1. Mr. Wolong → Mr. Shu Han and Mr. Zhuge Jie → Mr. Tao Qian Wu Liu → Mr. Tao Qian → Mr. Dongjin, Mr. Tao Qian Changli → Mr. Tang Dynasty, Mr. Han Yu Zui Yin → Mr. Tang Dynasty, Mr. Bai Juyi Guangcheng → Mr. Du Guangting Xiaoyao → Five Dynasties, Mr. Zheng Ao Xuantong → Five Dynasties, Zhang Jianming → Five Dynasties. Mr. Zhou Dunyi → Northern Song Dynasty, Mr. Cheng Hao Yichuan → Northern Song Dynasty, Mr. Cheng Hao Hengqu → Northern Song Dynasty, Mr. Zhang Zai * * → Southern Song Dynasty, Mr. Zhu Kao Ting → Southern Song Dynasty, Mr. Zhu Xiangshan → Southern Song Dynasty, Mr. Lu Jiuyuan became a house → Southern Song Dynasty, Mr. Yang Wanli gan Xi → Ming Dynasty, Mr. Song Lian → Ming Dynasty, Mr. Zhenchuan → Mr. Gu Lizhou → Mr. Huang Zongxi Nanlei in Qing Dynasty → Mr. Huang Zongxi Chuanshan in Qing Dynasty → Mr. Wang Shan in Qing Dynasty → Mr. Quan in Qing Dynasty → Mr. Liao Zhai in Qing Dynasty → Mr. Pu Songling Suiyuan in Qing Dynasty → Mr. Yuan Meibao in Qing Dynasty → Mr. Zhongshan in Yao Nai in Qing Dynasty → Sun Wener in the Republic of China, who was called a layman → Ouyang Xiu Dongpo layman → Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi Houshan layman → Northern Song Dynasty, *. People are also called Confucius and Mencius. Song Ban → Sima Qian, Ban Gu → Mei Cheng, Yu → Cao Zhi, Wang Yu → Xu Ling, Yu Du → Li Bai, Serge Dumont → Wang Wei, Meng Haoran Gao Cen → Gao Shi, Cen Can Yuan Bai → Yuan Zhen, Bai Juyi Liu Bai → Liu Yuxi, Bai Juyi Liu Liu → Li Shangyin Ou Zeng → Ouyang Xiu, Ceng Gong Su Xin →

3. Knowledge of Chinese studies

In fact, some are uncommon, some are insignificant, and some are too hard to find. This is actually just to test your memory. It is not a real study of Chinese studies. Of course, it is ok to enjoy it.

As for learning Chinese studies, I still look at them bit by bit, such as 300 Tang poems, 300 Song poems and 300 Yuan songs. You don't need to read the history of literature, but you can't review it until you know it. Many Chinese studies are written in classical Chinese, so we must increase our knowledge of classical Chinese.

I recommend several books, Wen Xin. Xia Mianzun and Ye Shengtao use stories to introduce some literary knowledge to teenagers. Read the subset of history properly and choose representative ones. I don't think it's all good, but comprehensive. Originally for junior candidates, you can also read such books, such as "Kindergarten Teacher Qionglin", and there are many bookstores.

There are also many modern ones to see. In fact, we can see from familiar books that many books are from.

You don't have to come from China to study Chinese studies. Some things in the west can be proved, such as rhetoric, and some are simple. The Japanese should not be underestimated. Some things are good and can be used as stories. Finally, I hope you don't become a panacea, but you can drill deeper where you are interested.

4. Common sense of Chinese studies: What is the title of Big Wild Goose Pagoda?

The Wild Goose Pagoda refers to the Wild Goose Pagoda in Ji 'an County, Xi City, Shaanxi Province today.

The inscription on the Big Wild Goose Pagoda indicates that you have won the Imperial Examination and the Jinshi. After attending Qujiang banquet, the new Jinshi in Tang Dynasty also had an important activity called Yanta.

Don Wei Xuan's "Liu Bin Jia Lu Hua" records: "Ci En's inscription was written in Zhang Ju, because the original story was written in the same year." The thing is this: During the Dragon Period in Tang Zhongzong, Zhang Ju, a newcomer, visited a famous temple in Beijing-Jionji. On a whim, he wrote his name under the Big Wild Goose Pagoda.

Unexpectedly, this move attracted scholars to follow suit. Especially the new Jinshi, it is a great honor to be inscribed in Yanta.

After attending the Qujiang banquet, they went to the Big Wild Goose Pagoda on a whim and recommended calligraphers to write their names, places of origin and time on the walls of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda in ink. If any of them succeed in the future, they must change their names to calligraphy.

The title of Wild Goose Pagoda also left many interesting stories for later generations. Bai Juyi, the most famous poet, won the first prize at the age of 27. Unable to restrain his joy, he wrote the poem "The youngest among the 17 people inscribed by Ci Enta".

Another example is Liu Cang, a new scholar. He also left the lofty sentiments of "writing immortal books on the purple wall" on it, and simply thought that he was the satellites in the sky. Some powerful people who don't have the title of Jinshi are also jealous of this.

For example, Tang Wuzong Prime Minister Li Deyu was not a Jinshi, so he was very jealous of the Jinshi. He not only ordered the cancellation of the grand banquet in Qujiang, but also ordered people to remove all the titles of the new Jinshi. However, because the title of Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a symbol of the honor that students dream of after all, the descendants of this activity have survived.

Scholar-officials in the Song Dynasty were still talking about the title of Big Wild Goose Pagoda: "The Tang people were admitted to the department and gathered in Qujiang. The title of Big Wild Goose Pagoda is the glory of a generation. Seeing the wind of scholars at that time, I hated it. "

(Volume 7 of Bao Ke Cong Bian) Until the Qing Dynasty, Wen Kang still recorded in Chapter 12 of Heroes of Children that "the first thing is to persuade your son-in-law to study hard and get the name of Big Wild Goose Pagoda as soon as possible". The current turmoil has a profound and extensive impact on both the ruling and opposition parties.

Of course, the title of new Jinshi is not limited to Jionji. For example, in Tang Zhaozong for four years (904), the new Jinshi was released. Because Zhao Zong took the exam in Shaanxi, the new Jinshi was named in Kaiyuan Temple in Shaanxi. But the name of Big Wild Goose Pagoda was the most influential, so later generations followed suit and used it as an allusion.

The difference is that in the Tang Dynasty, inscriptions were generally written in ink on the tower wall. After the Song Dynasty, the inscriptions of scholars in various dynasties became stone tablets. For example, in volume 5 of "Wei Lue" by Gundam Sun: "The titles of scholars in this dynasty are all engraved with xingguo temple, which is a good deed."

In the Southern Song Dynasty, Jinshi was carved in Gong Yuan or Lin 'an Hall. In the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, most of them built monuments for scholars within the scope of Chinese studies.

? Although new scholars have a strong interest in poetry, the walls of Jean Temple are limited after all, so soon, the white walls of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda will become "flower walls". Unfortunately, due to the passage of time, the names of scholars who were once full of walls have disappeared without a trace.

5. Common sense of Chinese studies ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏ ▏.

Source: According to the definition of "first step", the most authoritative thing is what Cai Yong (the father of Cai Wenji) said-On Arbitrariness by Cai Yong in the Eastern Han Dynasty: "Your majesty, your rank is also ... I dare not criticize the minister and the son of heaven, so I will tell you when I visit your majesty, because I am humble and I will also write a letter.

There is no conclusive data to verify the origin of vocabulary. As far as information is concerned, as early as the Warring States period, "first step" was clearly used as a respectful name. "Everything is done wrong, Nansan": "Although I am strong today, I don't know my home; Although the Han and Wei dynasties were weak, they were not as good as Jinyang. "

As for its origin, there is an interesting story: It is said that during the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, the son of the State of Jin, went through customs 19, and later Zhong Er returned to the State of Jin as a monarch, and became Jin Wengong after he ascended the throne. Jin Wengong wanted to reward those who made meritorious deeds, but forgot to reward Jie tui. Jie tui ran away with him and cut off his share of meat for him to eat. Jietui refused to accept the reward and took her mother to live in seclusion in Mianshan. After Jin Wengong knew it, he sent someone to Mianshan to look for it, but he avoided it, so Jin Wengong tried to force him out of the mountain by Yamakaji. I didn't expect meson to stick to his own opinions and hold the tree and his mother dead. Jin Wengong was very sad, so he had the big tree cut down and put it under his feet. Every time they see clogs, they will say, "Sorry, one step away!" . The word "first step" came from this, and finally the word "first step" gradually evolved into a respectful name for others.

6. What is the common sense of Chinese studies about numbers?

Huang San: Sui Renshi, Fu, Shennongshi, Sangu Liupo: nun, Taoist, Guagu; Tooth woman, matchmaker, master, pious woman, medicine woman, and stable woman: Han Xin, Xiao He, Sean, and Sancong: not married from the father, married from the husband, and the husband died from the child; Four virtues: women's virtue, women's words, women's capacity and women's work: the father is the son, the gentleman is the minister and the husband is the wife; Benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith are three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Legalists, Famous Artists, Mohists, Military Strategists, Miscellaneous Family, Peasant Family: Four Classical Novels of Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin, Journey to the West and Dream of Red Mansions: Five Emperors: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Tang Yao and Yu Shun; One is "Five Poisons Insect", and the second is "Five Poisons", which is what you call "Bile, Cinnabar, Realgar, Alum and Stone"; The third refers to the "five poisons" in Buddhism. It is the five "bad" emotions of "greed, anger, infatuation, love and evil": monarch, minister, father, son, brother, couple, friend: east, west, south, north and middle grains: rice, millet, wheat and beans: ears, eyes, mouth, nose and beans. The five elements of south, middle, west and north correspond to colors-blue, red, yellow, white and black correspond to tastes-the five elements of sour, bitter, sweet, pungent and salty correspond to viscera-the five elements of liver, heart, spleen, lung and kidney correspond to seasons-the five internal organs: heart, liver, spleen and winter. Feather Six Dynasties: Wu, Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen Six Livestock: Pig, Cattle, Sheep, Horse, Chicken and Dog: Stomach, Gallbladder, Triple energizer and Large Intestine: Father, Mother, Brother, Brother, Wife and Son: Ritual, Music, Shooting and Imperial. Pearl agate seven squares: generous square, small square, slow square, urgent square, odd square, even square and compound eight banners: yellow inlay, yellow inlay, white inlay, red inlay, blue inlay; Eight directions: east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest, north and northeast: stereotyped writing: puzzle. Jiuge, Han Xiangzi, Cao Guojiu, Lan Caihe and He Xiangu Eight-Nation Alliance: Britain, the United States, Germany, France, Russia, Japan, Italy and Austria: Ji, Zhou, Qing, Xu, Yang, Jing, Yu, Liang and Yong: the mourning of the country, Xiang Fu, Shao, Shan Gui, Hebo. Chapter 9: River-related Memories. Huang Zhonggong, Sable, Double Sable, Upper Sable and Moon Sable gave birth to tāo children: prickly, prickly, prickly (the eldest), kissing (the second), Plow (the third) and Linxi. These two words are pronounced here as) or (bā xià) (old six), (y á zi) (old seven), (suān ní) (old eight) and (jiāo tú). Thirteen Sutras of Pig: Book of Changes, Book of Songs, Book of Rites, Rites, Book of Rites, Chunqiu Zuozhuan, Chunqiu Gongyang Zhuan, Chunqiu Guliang Zhuan, Analects of Confucius, Shoujing, Erya and Mencius. History of the Three Kingdoms, Book of Jin, Book of Song, Book of Southern Qi, Liang Shu, Book of Chen, Book of Wei, Book of Northern Qi, Book of Zhou, History of South, History of North, Book of Tang, Book of New Tang and Book of Tang.

Twenty-four solar terms in Song Dynasty: Spring rains shake the valley days in spring, summer is busy with heatstroke, autumn dew is frosty, and winter is snowy. The two festivals have not changed every month, with a difference of one or two days at most. June 2 1 day in the first half of the year, and August 23 in the second half.

Twenty-eight lodgings: Seven lodgings of the Oriental Black Dragon: horns, horns, temples, houses, hearts, tails and dustpans; Seven nights in northern Xuanwu: fighting, cattle, women, air, danger, houses and walls; Seven nights in the West White Tiger: Kui, Lou, Stomach, Ang, Bi, Gou, Shen; South Suzaku Seven Nights: Well, ghosts, willows, stars, wings, thirty-six strategies: cross the sea with one arrow, kill two birds with one stone and avoid killing people. The sound of looting in troubled waters came from the west. Chen Cang refers to Mulberry's curse of stealing sheep, knowingly diverting the tiger from the mountain, taking the initiative to attack the bottom of the bucket, pre-empting, scaring the snake to throw stones, bluffing and fighting with customers, making an example, turning dragons into phoenixes, catching thieves and catching kings, dressing up as pigs and eating tigers, crossing bridges, drawing boards, and throwing bricks to encourage the counter-measures of empty city plans and bitter plans to enter more than 60 categories:

7. Common sense of Chinese studies: What is the difference between "Nian" and "Zai"?

year

Nyan

① Time unit, Gregorian calendar 1 year is the time for the earth to go around the sun once, with 365 days in a normal year and 366 days in a leap year. There are 1 leap years every four years: three to five years from now. Add numerals directly before them, without quantifiers.

② Year: ~ Meeting │ ~ Assessment │ ~ Output.

③ Age: ~ Ji │ ~ Age │ Forgetting years ~ Making friends │ Longevity ~.

④ Life stages by age: children ~ │ teenagers ~ │ teenagers ~ │ teenagers ~ │ middle age ~ │ old age ~.

⑤ period; Time: near the end of Ming dynasty ~ │ Guangxu ~.

⑥ The annual harvest of crops: ~ Success ~ Scenery ~ Abundance ~ ~ Sorry ~.

⑦ New Year's Day: New Year's Day, New Year's Day, New Year's Day and New Year's Day.

(8) Articles related to the New Year Festival: ~ cakes ~ commodities ~ paintings.

9. The relationship of taking part in the imperial examination in the same year: ~ Brothers │ ~ Friendship │ Same ~.

Attending (niá n) surname.

load

every day

Year: one and a half to three years, five years to one thousand years to once in a blue moon.

load

every day

record

①; Release: release ~ release ~ turn ~. See also Zai.

load

Zahi

① Loading: ~ customers ~ goods ◇ ~ honor return.

② Full (road): snow ~ road, complaints ~ road.

③ Last name.

◆ Loading

Zahi

"Book" again; And: ~ singing ~ dancing. See also z m: I.