Analysis of college students' mental health problems-analysis of college students' mental health problems and countermeasures.
With the accelerated development of society, all kinds of competition are intensifying, the enrollment scale of colleges and universities is expanding, and the psychological problems of college students are becoming increasingly prominent, which seriously affects the healthy growth of college students and the success or failure of their future lives. It is urgent to strengthen college students' mental health education. This paper aims to explore the problems existing in college students' mental health, analyze the causes of these problems, and put forward practical solutions.
Keywords: college students; Mental health problems; Solution countermeasures
About the author: Yuan (1963-), female, master, associate professor, research direction: mechanical design.
First, the connotation of mental health
Mental health means that individuals can maintain a good mental state in various environments. Its standard is deepening with the development of society, and different scholars have different formulations. Combined with the psychological characteristics of college students in China and their specific social roles, China scholars believe that the mental health standards of college students include: having normal cognitive ability; Can face up to reality and accept others; Be able to coordinate and control emotions and be in a good mood; Have reasonable behavior; Have a sound personality; Have excellent will quality [1].
Second, the importance of mental health of college students
A person's psychological quality will affect the success or failure of life. American educator Dell? Carnegie thinks:? Only 15% of a person's success is due to his own knowledge and professional skills, while 85% is due to good psychological quality and good interpersonal skills. ? [2] This shows that mental health is very important.
Mental health is the cornerstone of life development. Healthy psychology can promote the all-round development of college students' body and mind, make them grow healthily, and is also an important guarantee for college students to adapt to society, move towards society and achieve their careers.
Third, college students' mental health problems and causes analysis
As a special huge group, college students are not yet fully mature in mind, and their self-control and self-adjustment abilities are not strong. While studying, we have to face a series of problems, such as the adaptation to the environment, the handling of interpersonal relationships, the pressure of employment, and the contradiction between ideal and reality. If we don't handle these problems properly, it will bring them invisible pressure and make college students' psychological problems increasingly prominent, which will seriously affect their healthy growth. It is urgent to pay attention to the mental health problems of college students and strengthen their mental health education.
1 Analysis of mental health problems of college students
(1) tired of learning. Some students are influenced by various bad factors, and their outlook on life is vague, their learning purpose is unclear, and their thirst for knowledge is not strong. Therefore, skipping classes, leaving early, sleeping in class and other phenomena are common, and the learning status of college students is not optimistic. In addition, there are great differences between universities and middle schools in learning content, learning methods and time arrangement. Therefore, after entering the university, it is easy for students to be unintelligible in class, unable to teach themselves after class, and failing the exam, which leads to weariness of learning. This lack of personality, insufficient cognitive ability, improper behavior and weak adaptability are all manifestations of mental health.
(2) Employment pressure and psychological anxiety. With the expansion of colleges and universities, talents are no longer scarce, so the current employment situation of college graduates is quite severe, and employment pressure has become a common psychological problem for college students. Near graduation, many students feel anxious and panic, and lack confidence in finding a satisfactory job in the future. Some students can't face such a grim reality, so they choose to escape, drink and make trouble, and indulge in the internet. Once they return to reality, their inner anxiety is even stronger. This does not meet the mental health standards that college students can face and face reality, coordinate and control their emotions, be happy and behave reasonably.
(3) rebellious psychology, lack of sense of responsibility. When some students encounter setbacks, they don't look for reasons from themselves, but just blame others, families, schools and society blindly, thus generating rebellious psychology of distrust and even opposition. Rebellious psychology is a one-way, stubborn and extreme thinking, which runs counter to common sense. It holds a negative thinking of disapproval and distrust of positive propaganda and a feeling of approval of bad tendencies. If family, school and society demand it, some students will be more opposed. The more things are forbidden by family, school and society, some students will do it, lacking a sense of responsibility for family, school and society. This is contrary to the requirements of Mental Health Standard for College Students, such as sound personality, reasonable behavior, ability to coordinate and control emotions, and good mood.
(4) Psychological barriers in interpersonal communication. Interpersonal relationship is influenced by individual personality, cognition, way of thinking, personality characteristics and other factors [3]. With the growth of age, college students have a strong motivation and demand for communication. However, because their psychological development is not very mature and impulsive, they are prone to problems in interpersonal communication, which are mainly manifested as excessive self-centeredness, exclusion, jealousy, suspicion, shyness, self-isolation, and so on. These problems are likely to cause interpersonal tension among college students, and then produce negative emotions, which will affect their study and life. This lack of cognitive ability, inability to accept and accept others, negative emotions and unreasonable behavior are all psychological problems that do not meet the mental health standards of college students.
(5) Depression and infatuation with the virtual world. After entering colleges and universities, college students need to face all kinds of pressures independently, so they face a lot of psychological pressure and confusion, and the network meets their psychological needs to a great extent. In particular, some introverted and frustrated students are more likely to escape from reality, indulge in the internet, seek success in the virtual world, find themselves, gain respect, realize fantasies that cannot be realized in real life, and further widen the distance between the virtual world and the real world. This kind of lack of good will and sound personality, unable to coordinate and control emotions, unable to maintain a good mood, afraid to face reality, escape from reality, and confine themselves to the illusory world of the network, obviously violates the mental health standards of college students.
2 Analysis of the causes of mental health problems of college students
People's psychological activity is an extremely complex dynamic process, so the causes of college students' mental health problems are complex and diverse, among which the main factors such as individuals, families, schools and society can not be ignored.
(1) Personal reasons. College students are in the youth with the most drastic changes in psychological development, and their psychological development is not mature enough. Due to the lack of theoretical knowledge, personal experience and social experience, they often lack thorough consideration, are too simple, one-sided and emotional. When faced with the impact and choice of various ideological trends, pluralistic values and various outlook on life, psychological contradictions and conflicts are inevitable. If these contradictions and conflicts are not solved in time, effectively and reasonably, it will do harm to mental health.
(2) Family reasons. Family is the cradle of college students' personality formation. Harmonious family atmosphere and democratic family upbringing are conducive to the formation of students' positive, modest and optimistic personality characteristics. On the contrary, the disharmonious family atmosphere and arbitrary family upbringing will make students easily form rebellious, rude, timid, lack of self-confidence and other bad personality characteristics.
(3) the reason of the school. For college students, the study and living environment of the university has changed greatly compared with the past, and many students are difficult to adapt to it, which has brought negative effects to some college students' psychology. In addition, for a long time, schools have not paid enough attention to students' mental health education, and students' mental health awareness is not strong, which is a very common phenomenon. In addition, the continuous expansion of colleges and universities and the large increase in the number of college students make mental health education and consulting services unable to meet the needs of students.
(4) Social reasons. The emergence of college students' psychological problems has a great relationship with the current social environment. The intensification of social competition, the increase of pressure, the conflict between Chinese and western cultures, hedonism, money worship, various temptations of society and so on. , will have a great impact on their values and behavior. It is difficult to avoid psychological problems when these are presented to college students who are not fully mature psychologically.
Fourthly, the countermeasures to solve the mental health problems of college students.
In view of the current psychological health problems of college students and their causes, it is suggested that the following aspects should be done well to make students have a healthy psychology.
1 Personally, cultivate self-worth.
A good sense of self-worth is an important guarantee for individuals to adapt to the environment, develop and improve themselves. Cultivating self-worth is an effective means to promote mental health. First of all, college students themselves should establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. In this way, they can look at the problem with an optimistic attitude, not afraid of difficulties and be proactive. Secondly, we should know ourselves correctly, accept ourselves and develop ourselves. Finally, participate in various beneficial activities of the school, such as sports competitions, speeches, exhibitions, etc. Find out your own bright spot. Contact with good books, positive music, live in a good cultural atmosphere and stay away from uncivilized behavior.
2. Family, give full play to the positive role of family education.
Parents have a natural connection with their children. They are their children's first teachers. Family has irreplaceable advantages in mental health education. Therefore, to carry out psychological education, we must adhere to the relationship between home and school. Give full play to the positive role of family education, so that schools and families can form a joint force to cultivate college students' healthy psychology.
3 schools, create a good campus environment.
(1) Set up compulsory courses and lectures on mental health education to impart psychological knowledge. Learning psychological knowledge and understanding the law of psychological development and change are helpful to improve students' psychological quality. The international educational circles believe that mental health education is as important as professional teaching, and education without mental health education is a lack of education. Set up compulsory courses and lectures on mental health education, and make college students master mental health knowledge and consciously maintain and improve mental health through course study and lecture exchange.
(2) Carry out various forms of psychological counseling services to solve students' psychological problems in time. Psychological counseling is a popular means to eliminate psychological barriers at present. Professional psychological counselors use psychological principles, methods and skills to help students solve various psychological problems and prevent psychological diseases. In addition to face-to-face consultation, telephone consultation, online consultation and other forms of consultation should be carried out to meet the needs of different students. Through psychological counseling, students can have a sound personality, a sunny attitude and a healthy psychology.
(3) Create a harmonious and civilized campus environment and promote the healthy development of students' psychology.
School is the main place for college students to live and study, and its environment has a direct and profound impact on students' mental health. A civilized, positive, clean and beautiful campus environment is indispensable for cultivating students' healthy psychology. Harmonious and democratic teacher-student relationship and United and friendly classmate relationship are conducive to the cultivation of students' sound personality and the development of mental health. Colorful campus activities help to cultivate students' sentiment, cultivate positive attitude towards study and life, and improve interpersonal skills. Therefore, schools can hold more activities, such as art festivals, sports competitions, community activities, social practice and so on. , so as to stimulate students' potential, display their talents, enhance their self-confidence, enhance their friendship and improve their comprehensive quality.
4. Socially, provide a good social atmosphere.
Mental health education for college students is a systematic project, which depends on the joint participation of students, families, schools and society. College students live not only in school, but also in social environment, and society should provide a good social atmosphere for college students' mental health. Strengthening the construction of spiritual civilization, building a harmonious society, spreading positive energy and creating a positive social atmosphere are conducive to the healthy psychological growth of students.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
At present, the mental health status of college students in China shows that it is urgent to strengthen the mental health education of college students. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the problems existing in college students' mental health, analyze the causes of these problems and put forward practical solutions.
References:
[1] Chloe Wang, Xu Gang, Mao Wei, Lei Zu. Analysis of College Students' Mental Health Education [J]. Times Literature, 2008 (24): 222.
[2] Song Fengning. Mental health education for college students [M]. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2007.
[3] Liu Xinyan. An analysis of the psychological problems of vocational college students [J]. World Yearbook of Chinese Business Economics, 20 12 (7): 59-60.
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