Reason: After the feudal system in Western Europe entered its heyday, the royal power became stronger and stronger, the society became more stable, agricultural production rose steadily, handicraft industry gradually became a specialized profession, and a number of emerging citizen classes were formed, which put forward new cultural requirements.

Features: The original medieval universities were self-made professors and learning centers. Generally, a prestigious scholar in a certain field and his followers organize themselves to form a group similar to a guild to conduct teaching and knowledge trading.

Significance: Due to the social nature of the Middle Ages, the universities in the Middle Ages were gradually controlled by the church. However, its system and characteristics have far-reaching influence and are the direct origin of modern western universities. In many aspects of higher education in modern western universities, we can clearly see the cultural spirit and educational characteristics of medieval universities. ?

Extended data:

From the late ancient times to the early Middle Ages, although Western Europe experienced hundreds of years of political turmoil and social chaos, the existing church educational institutions in southern Europe, such as cathedrals, monasteries and secular schools, still bear the educational accumulation of ancient Western Europe.

/kloc-The cultural renaissance in the 0/2nd century not only boosted education, but also brought back the Latin literary tradition in Western Europe. Especially in the legal field, the codification of Roman law and canon law appeared one after another.

After the collision and communication between the Christian world and the Islamic world, Western Europe once again learned about ancient Greek literature through translation, especially rediscovered Aristotle's works through Arabic translation.

The reappearance of urban prosperity provides a basic living environment and material guarantee for universities. Of course, there is also people's thirst for knowledge, calling for richer forms of education to meet the demand for knowledge.

Medieval universities were mass organizations, and their distinctive feature was professional autonomy. In terms of legal status, universities are no different from guilds composed of craftsmen or businessmen at that time.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-European medieval university