1, lung injury

Smog weather has the greatest impact on the respiratory system, which has become the common sense of most people. The respiratory system has the most frequent contact with the external environment and the contact area is large. Hundreds of atmospheric particles can directly enter and adhere to the upper and lower respiratory tract and lungs of the human body, most of which will be inhaled by the human body. Secondly, the haze weather weakens the surface ultraviolet rays, which easily increases the activity of bacteria in the air. Fine particles can "carry" bacteria and viruses deep into the respiratory system, causing infection.

2. Hurt my heart

Harvard University School of Public Health has proved that particulate pollutants on cloudy days will not only cause myocardial infarction, but also cause myocardial ischemia or injury. The United States investigated 25,000 people with heart disease or bad heart, and found that with the increase of PM2.5, the mortality rate of patients would increase 10 μ g/m3.

Step 3 damage blood vessels

There are many pollutants in the air in foggy days, and the air pressure is low, which is easy to induce acute attacks of cardiovascular diseases. When the fog is heavy, the water vapor content is high. When people exercise outdoors, sweat is not easy to be discharged, which makes people feel chest tightness and blood pressure rise. Moreover, in foggy weather, the air pressure is relatively low, and people will feel irritable and their blood pressure will naturally rise. In addition, in foggy days, the temperature is often low. Some patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease suddenly go from warm indoor to cold outdoor, and blood vessels expand with heat and contract with cold, which will also increase blood pressure, leading to stroke and myocardial infarction.

4, hurt the skin

Skin also has respiratory function. In clean air, the skin will be very comfortable and moist, but in a dirty environment, the skin will be very uncomfortable.

5. Brain injury

Smog not only harms organs, but also affects the nervous system invisibly. Zhong Nanshan once introduced that the 65th annual meeting of the American Geriatrics Association came to a conclusion that if PM2.5 in the air increases 10 μ g/m3, people's brain function will age for three years.

6. Injury of reproductive system and urinary system

The influence of smog on semen quality is mainly manifested in the later stage. Inhalable substances in smog enter human blood circulation and gradually accumulate in various organs of human body, including scrotum in semen factory. In addition, because the urogenital system is the fastest metabolizing tissue in the human body, when particles inhaled from outside enter the human blood circulation, the urogenital system will be affected first, which will cause some diseases of the urogenital system, such as renal failure, uremia, oligozoospermia, sperm malformation, prostatic hyperplasia and so on.

In addition, it should be noted that diseases such as colds and allergies are more likely to attack or worsen in foggy days; Some pathogens in smog can cause headaches and even induce diseases such as hypertension and cerebral hemorrhage; Hazy weather will also lead to the weakening of ultraviolet rays in the surface layer, which can enhance the activity of infectious bacteria in the air and increase infectious diseases.

Ways to deal with smog:

0. Install an air purifier or a fresh air system with purification function in the place of residence, wear a home PM detector, know the PM situation in the home in real time, and switch the purifier and the window in a targeted manner.

1, go out less

Reducing going out is the most effective way to protect yourself. According to the epidemiological study on PM2.5 published by Huang Wei, a researcher at the Frontier Interdisciplinary Research Center of Environment and Health in Peking University, in American Epidemiology 20 12, after excluding the influencing factors such as age, sex, aging and meteorological factors, when the concentration of PM2.5 increases 103 μ g/m3, the risk of excess death from all causes of residents will increase by 2.29%. The risk of excess death caused by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is higher, which is 3.08%. If you must go out, don't ride a bike, avoid the rush hour of traffic jam and the sections where you drive a lot, and avoid inhaling more chemicals. It is also best not to drive a private car, but to take public transportation to contribute to reducing PM2.5

Step 2 wear a mask when you go out

You can wear a mask when you go out, which can effectively prevent dust particles from entering the body. Choose the right mask. Ordinary masks have little effect on 2.5 micron airborne particles. To block PM2.5, a medical N95 mask is needed, which can block 95% of 0.3 micron particles and also play a certain role in PM2.5 weather off the charts. To buy a formal and qualified N95 mask that matches your face size, you should wait until it is dry and fold it in half to prevent the breathing moisture from breeding bacteria on the mask. It should not be worn for too long, and the elderly and patients with cardiovascular diseases should avoid wearing it to avoid dizziness caused by dyspnea.

3. Do a good job in personal hygiene

Wash your face, rinse your mouth and clean your nasal cavity in time after going out to prevent the harm of PM2.5 to human body. It is best to use warm water when washing your face, which is beneficial to wash off the particles on your face. When cleaning the nasal cavity, you can repeatedly clean it with a clean cotton swab dipped in water, or repeatedly absorb water with your nose to blow your nose quickly and avoid choking. In addition to face cleaning, bare parts of the body should also be cleaned.

4. Open the window less in foggy days

Experts say that in foggy weather, try not to open the window. If you really need to open the window for ventilation, you should try to avoid the morning and evening smog peak hours, and open the window for ventilation for half an hour to one hour at a time. At the same time, residents who use air conditioning for heating should pay attention to opening windows to ensure adequate indoor oxygen. You can plant a variety of green plants on your balcony, terrace and indoors, such as green crown-leaf plants such as green radish, evergreen and tiger orchid, because of their large leaves and strong adsorption capacity. You can also use an air purifier. 80% of air purifiers in the market mainly purify fine particles in the air, which has a good adsorption effect on PM2.5, but you should pay attention to changing the filter element frequently when using it.

5. Eat lightly and drink plenty of water

The diet in foggy days should choose light and digestible foods rich in vitamins, drink plenty of water and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, which can not only supplement various vitamins and inorganic salts, but also play a role in moistening the lungs, resolving phlegm, relieving cough, strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidney. Eat less irritating food and eat more pears, loquats, oranges, oranges and other foods.

6, the right amount of vitamin D.

This season is foggy and sunny. Due to insufficient ultraviolet radiation and insufficient vitamin D in the human body, some people will experience mental laziness and depression. Vitamin d can be supplemented if necessary.

7. smoke less

Cigars, cigars and pipes will produce a large number of fine particles belonging to the category of PM2.5 if they are not completely burned. Tobacco smoke contains more than 7000 compounds, including 69 carcinogens and 172 harmful substances, which will seriously harm the health of smokers themselves and those who inhale "second-hand smoke", especially in this smog weather. Therefore, smokers should try to smoke as little as possible whether they go out or stay indoors in recent days.