1865438+On May 5, 2008, Marx was born in Rheinland, Prussia, a relatively wealthy middle-class family. From 1835 to 10, Marx became interested in young hegelians's philosophy. After graduating from college, Marx contributed to a radical newspaper in Cologne. At the same time, his own historical materialism theory sprouted and began to take shape.
1843 After Marx moved to Paris, he continued to write radical columns in other related newspapers. It was at this time that Marx met his later important friend and supporter-friedrich engels. From 65438 to 0849, Marx was exiled and moved to London with his wife and children. After arriving in London, he continued to write and began to construct his theory of social and economic activities. Marx also took an active part in the socialist movement and soon became an important figure in the first international.
Extended data:
Marxism
abstract
Marxism is one of the most complicated and profound theories in contemporary times. The theoretical scope includes politics, philosophy, economy, society and other fields. The development of Marxism is beyond the reach of any other theory. Because of this, there are many different versions of explanations and statements in this world. As Hal draper, a modern American Marxist, said, "In human history, few theories have been seriously distorted by unusual people like Marx's thought". Except Marxism–Leninism, many schools believe that egoism is the orthodox inheritance of Marx. Nowadays, the main camps are Trotskyism, Stalinism, Western Marxism and so on.
Marx's greatest contribution to philosophy is to introduce the concept of practice into philosophy and link philosophy with the liberation of the modern proletariat (working class). The thorough application of this philosophy in the field of social history led to the emergence of historical materialism. Under the guidance of historical materialism, Marx analyzed and studied the economic foundation of capitalist society, found the surplus value, and pointed out that the class struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie will inevitably lead to the dictatorship of the proletariat, which is the transition from capitalism to capitalism.
Marxist philosophy
It is generally believed that Marx's philosophy had no absolute influence in his time; But just a few years after his death, at the end of 19, with the aggravation of the general crisis in the bourgeois world, Marx's philosophy quickly spread throughout the country. The establishment of a capitalist welfare state has become the trend of political and economic reform in advanced European countries. Later, Marxism was divided into non-evolutionary Marxism and revolutionary Marxism.
Non-revolutionary theory, also known as revisionism, takes eduard bernstein as the center, advocates gradual socialist development, and takes Marxism as the moral standard. The revolutionary theory is most famous for radical Lenin, emphasizing the inevitable necessity of violent revolution for establishing proletarian dictatorship. The revolutionaries regard Marxism as a historical scientific theory, proletarian world outlook and methodology, and think that this theory is a theoretical reflection of the objective process of history, a product of the practice of the broad masses of working people, and a crystallization of all outstanding cultural heritage of mankind. ?
Marxism
From the beginning of the 20th century to the middle of the 20th century, with the vigorous spread of the Soviet Union founded by Lenin and the Bolshevik Party, Marxism reached its peak. During this period, the contemporary interpretation of Marxism seems to be questioned and disputed by many scholars. With the decline and disintegration of the Soviet Union, the political influence of Marxism has also weakened.
As one of the most famous and far-reaching philosophical theories in modern times, Marxism is still active in all fields of academia, and its theoretical spirit has been applied to the direction of government administration from time to time. Today in the 2 1 century, there are still many countries and political parties in the world with Marxism as their ideology, such as Cuba, Nepal, Cyprus, France, Spain, Portugal and Greece.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia: Karl Marx