The Chaoshan dialect textbook compiled by missionaries a hundred years ago, the blue and white porcelain tableware used in the central restaurant in the late Qing Dynasty, and the five official hats of the Qing Dynasty ... The display of the first floor of Yongping, Shantou Kaikou Cultural Exhibition Hall, has been fully completed. At present, the exhibition hall has received more than 80 pieces of cultural relics/kloc-0. From the precious cultural relics donated by these enthusiastic people, it seems that we can see the prosperous memory of a century-old commercial port. A few days ago, some donors visited the exhibition hall in advance and told reporters the wonderful story behind the cultural relics. Among the cultural relics donated by enthusiastic people, a number of books on Chaoshan dialect compiled by missionaries are particularly eye-catching. This is nearly ten reference books, teaching materials and other works on Chaoshan dialect written by foreign missionaries collected by Professor Lin Lunlun, dean of Korea Normal University and an expert on Chaozhou dialect for many years, including Chaoshan Bible, Shantou Dialect Dictionary and English-Chinese Chaozhou Dialect Vocabulary. Lin Lunlun believes that it is very meaningful for jinping district to build a cultural exhibition hall in Shantou. These cultural relics, which witnessed the opening of Shantou, are the "physical evidence" of Shantou's overseas cultural characteristics and precious documents with great commemorative value. It is not easy to collect these books donated by Lin Lunlun. They are all obtained by him and his friends from famous libraries at home and abroad. Some of them were copied from the libraries of Harvard University, Hong Kong University and Beijing National Library, and some were given to him by friends who knew his professional hobbies, and they were copied in libraries all over the country. According to Lin Lunlun, in the middle and late19th century, groups of missionaries who spread the gospel of Christ in eastern Guangdong tried to learn the main dialect in eastern Guangdong, namely Chaoshan dialect, in order to master the language tools for direct communication with the parishioners. In the process of learning, they learn words, make cards and compile dictionaries; After I learned that, I also wrote oral textbooks for the second and third generation missionaries who came to study in Chaoshan area. These works are basically published by western religious groups, and some are accumulated and revised by church missionaries after decades. The biographies of the authors of textbooks and reference books all emphasize that to preach in eastern Guangdong, we must first "learn the accent", that is, Chaoshan dialect. The authors of these books are usually highly educated. I have been exposed to English dictionaries in Britain and America. The Chaoshan sound in the book is spelled in Roman characters and its meaning is explained in English, so as to facilitate the communication between western missionaries and Chaoshan believers at that time. These dictionaries are the first examples of English-Chinese comparative dialect dictionaries. In addition, there are some traditional views on Chaozhou dialect dictionary, which needs further discussion because the dictionary was written by these foreign missionaries. According to textual research, the earliest reference book compiled by local people in Zhang Shizhen's's "Zi Xue Jin Liang: Fifteen Tones of Tide" was published by Shantou Book and Newspaper Yin Shi Society 19 13. These reference books compiled by foreign missionaries are not only published 30 years or even half a century earlier, but also quite standardized, and are valuable materials for studying the history of dialect vocabulary. The tableware in the central restaurant reflects the changes of Chaozhou cuisine. What tableware did Shantou restaurants use nearly a hundred years ago? Huang Chuhua, vice chairman of Shantou Cuisine Society, donated this batch of restaurant tableware from the 1920s to 1930s, which gave us an opportunity to understand the food culture of that era. Huang Chuhua was born in a family of chefs and was keen on the excavation of Chaoshan culture, especially collecting many collections related to the history and culture of Chaoshan cuisine. He said that the exquisite tableware donated by these restaurants is a witness that Chaozhou cuisine began in Chaozhou and flourished in Shantou. According to Huang Chuhua, most of these tableware are blue-and-white porcelain fired in the late Qing Dynasty, including blue-and-white stews used in Central Restaurant and Yongping Restaurant, nine dishes of Xi 'er, and bowls of Gao Zhilian. Judging from the delicacy and delicacy of these tableware, Chaoshan catering has gradually developed from the original big plate with big fish and big meat to exquisite, meticulous and separate meals, from which we can see the development of Chaoshan cuisine in the times. Huang Chuhua said that the opening of Shantou port has promoted economic prosperity, and frequent business exchanges and constant banquets between officials and gentlemen have accelerated the development of the catering industry. At that time, there was a ballad in Chaoshan: "The central government has a good posture, Yongping has a good layout, Fang Ming has a good air, and Fang Tao has a good shark's fin", which was the praise of these four restaurants at that time. At that time, there was a saying that "there is a thunder god in the sky and a fragrant child on the ground." Xu Xiangtong, a chaozhou people, works as a chef in Shantou Yongping Restaurant. This rumor spread that Chaozhou cuisine is famous for its exquisite craftsmanship, which is a true portrayal of the heyday of Chaozhou cuisine in modern history. Chaozhou cuisine is famous because of its exquisite workmanship and light taste, which is easily accepted and loved by everyone. At that time, eating Chaozhou food in four restaurants was a symbol of nobility and status. The old master collects seals of Chaozhou pastry. 75-year-old Luo Muliang has been an artist for more than 50 years. Since his father's generation, he has been engaged in Chaozhou pastry, and has also collected various pastry molds in this industry. I learned from the newspaper that after Shantou opened its port, the Jinping district government raised cultural relics from the society. Old Roman Muliang couldn't sit still. He thought it would be better to take the collection to the exhibition hall and let more people know about the changes of Chaozhou cakes. Old Roman Muliang donated more than 60 molds in one breath, including making fork biscuits, wooden sticks, mung bean cakes, big moon cakes and wedding red cakes. There is a toy cake mold, including fish, shrimp, crab and other patterns. Although the impression is carved with wood, the pattern is very vivid. There is also a chess cake die print. At that time, cakes printed with this kind of dice were also very popular with chess fans. A red gold box is made of gold paint, which is usually used to put all kinds of candy to entertain guests during the Spring Festival. This was collected by old Roman Muliang before liberation. In addition to the mold, the old Roman Muliang also took out the business license of the year. This also witnessed the prosperity of shops and economy after Shantou opened its port. Five cool hats of Qing Dynasty appeared on the first floor of the exhibition hall. Among the antique cultural relics, five cool hats donated by Mr. Lin, a member of the Provincial Collectors Association, are very eye-catching. According to Mr. Lin, the official hats worn by officials in the Qing Dynasty are also called big hats. There are two kinds of * * *: one is worn in winter and is called "warm hat"; One is worn in summer, called "cool hat". At that time, the highest official position of the Qing government in Shantou was Wupin, and this cool hat was also collected from Shantou. The "treasures" donated by Mr. Lin also include some textbooks he scoured from various places more than 100 years ago. The reporter saw that these textbooks had turned yellow, but the handwriting was still legible. These textbooks were used by Lingdong Wentong School at that time. About 1899, in autumn, Chaoshan was moved to Shantou Tongqing Shantang and renamed Lingdong School. This is not only the first new school in Guangdong, but also one of the few schools in China in the late Qing Dynasty. Now it is the third primary school of Shantou Waima Road. 1908, the school was changed to a business school. Teachers and students of this school actively participated in the establishment of Chaozhou Youth League Branch and Shantou Youth League, and made historic contributions to the Revolution of 1911 together with people from all walks of life.