assistant
New teachers have been engaged in teaching assistance for one year or more before being hired as lecturers, and are familiar with the basic teaching conditions and teaching organization of universities. The teaching assistant can also be a graduate student who is studying for a doctorate. In many countries, doctoral students undertake the work of teaching assistants, rather than setting up teaching posts at the level of teaching assistants.
lecturer
A university teacher who can offer one or more courses independently. Lecturers also have different grades. An excellent lecturer can set his course as a basic course that has made great contributions to his subject, and his teaching methods, experimental methods and basic norms will become a compulsory step for students, thus meeting the basic requirements of university education.
associate professor
In principle, associate professors not only have the ability to start classes, but also have a full understanding of the overall situation of the subject, can preside over research projects by themselves, and can constantly open the latest research into new courses in the form of academic discussions.
professor
Professors are the main body in universities, and the leadership work in universities is undertaken by professors. The function of a professor is different from that of an associate professor. In terms of knowledge, the requirements for professors are no different from those for associate professors.
doctoral supervisor
The Academic Degree Office of the Ministry of Education explained that the doctoral supervisor is not a professional title, nor an honorary title, but a job.
Extended data:
Professor is a title in the higher education system. Most of them refer to senior teachers and researchers who teach in universities or community colleges, but there is a difference between professors and researchers. Professors have teaching tasks, but researchers don't.
Professor is the highest level of university teachers' titles. The word "professor" in Chinese comes from the meaning of "preaching and teaching to solve doubts", which is the name of academic officials in ancient China, and this position was set up in universities in the Han and Tang Dynasties in China. It has nothing to do with English. Japanese and China people call teachers "professors" in universities.
According to the relevant regulations jointly issued by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Personnel, the positions of college teachers are divided into 13 levels. Professorship is divided into one to seven grades. Among them, full professor positions include grades one to four, and associate professor positions include grades five to seven; Intermediate posts are divided into three grades, namely, eight to ten grades; The junior post is divided into three grades, namely 1 1 to 13.
1, and now all the "professors" have been appointed;
2. "distinguished professor", Gu Mingsi, is a full-time (special) professor and a professor himself;
3. "Visiting professor" is a scholar hired by "Guest Love" to give lectures or give lectures irregularly. I may not be a professor, but a celebrity, official, entrepreneur, inventor, etc.
4. "Part-time professors", between schools, between schools and society, hire professors to give lectures to each other. I am a professor myself. In fact, I just give lectures or do scientific research and take graduate students.
5. "Honorary Professor" is an honorary title awarded to well-known old professors and accomplished old leaders;
6. Most professors are full-time senior titles employed by universities. They are not only attending classes, engaging in scientific research and leading graduate students, but also academic leaders.
7. The homonym of "calling animals" is generally used to refer to people who love to pretend to know everything.
Professors' job is to teach courses in the fields they are good at, or to give students professional training, such as science and literature. In addition, professors must deepen their professional disciplines and obtain business cooperation opportunities by publishing papers (including government scientific consultants or business inventions). ), train their own students to have enough ability to compete with them in the future.
In the four directions of teaching, training, submitting papers and seeking business cooperation, we must rely on the additional factors such as school, place (country) and time to achieve a balance. For example, top universities in Europe and America attach great importance to professors who specialize in a single field and often regard them as the focus of publicity.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-professor