The important results are as follows:
1, important achievements have been made in the study of modern crustal movement and geodynamics in China.
In the past 10 years, the project "Research on Modern Crustal Movement and Geodynamics" led by Academician Ye Shuhua brought together more than 100 scientists from China Academy of Sciences, Seismological Bureau of China, State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, and General Staff Bureau of Surveying and Mapping to coordinate their respective research resources, historical observation data and field achievements for interdisciplinary cooperative research. Many internationally advanced achievements have been made in the monitoring and research of crustal movement in Chinese mainland, the establishment and maintenance of precise earth reference system, the change of earth rotation, the dynamics of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the change of gravity field and sea level in China, and the prediction of natural disasters, which provide valuable theoretical and basic resources for the sustainable development of environment and disasters in China. This project not only promoted the establishment of the national major scientific project "China Crustal Movement Observation Network" and the national key basic research and development plan "Mechanism and Prediction of Strong Earthquakes in the Mainland", but also promoted the establishment of the international cooperation plan "Asia-Pacific Space Geodynamics (APSG)", and also promoted a number of research projects supported by ministries and commissions such as the National Foundation of China.
2, to carry out research on astronomical phenomena and methods related to natural disasters, to provide information for national disaster reduction and prevention.
The astronomical method for predicting El Nino events was put forward by Shanghai Observatory for the first time in the world, and the El Nino events of 199 1 year were successfully predicted, resulting in frequent natural disasters around the world (the result has been published in Nature). Later, El Nino events around the end of 1993, 1994 ~ 1995, 1997 and 200/kloc-0 were successfully predicted. It is the first time in the world that the average contribution of the western Pacific warm pool to the interannual variation of non-atmospheric influence is about 10%, and it is proposed that the movement of the warm pool can extend the day by several microseconds during the El Ni? o event.
3. It is the first in the world to theoretically solve the problem of satellite precise orbit determination under the framework of general relativity that foreign scholars have been unable to solve for a long time.
The research results have become one of the norms of IERS spatial geodetic data reduction. It is the first in China to complete the research on determining the earth rotation parameters by satellite laser ranging technology and the research on the orbit design method of the lunar probe of the Ministry of Space. Establish and maintain the reference system of the earth and celestial bodies, actively explore and develop relevant observation technologies, play an active role in deep space exploration, monitoring of near-earth small objects (satellites and space debris), navigation and positioning, and make contributions to national economic development, national defense construction, deep space exploration and strategic resource reserve.
4. "Numerical simulation research on the formation of cosmic structure" has made important achievements.
The project of "Numerical Simulation Research on the Formation of Cosmic Structure" hosted by researcher Jing is to study the formation of Cosmic Structure by computer simulation. It is found for the first time that the clusters with small mass dark halo are much stronger than predicted by PS theory, and an accurate dark halo cluster formula is proposed, which is widely used to predict the cluster properties of galaxies and dark matter. This work has also led to many studies to modify PS theory. The logarithmic regular distribution formula of dark halo density factor is proposed for the first time, and it is widely used to predict the observational properties of galaxies. It is found that the power exponent of the density profile inside the dark halo is between-1. 1 and-1.5, which has become one of the three most influential works to study the structure of dark halo with high precision. A triaxial ellipsoid density distribution model describing the distribution of dark halo materials is proposed for the first time. The low-weight model of constructing galaxy correlation function and velocity dispersion cluster was first proposed and developed into the popular dark halo galaxy occupation model. The project won the first prize of Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award in 2004 and the second prize of National Natural Science Award in 2005. This is the second time that Shanghai Observatory has won the second prize of National Natural Science.
5. The most convincing evidence of supermassive black holes in the center of the Milky Way was found.
An international astronomical research team led by researcher Shen Zhiqiang observed the mysterious radio emission source named Sagittarius A*(Sgr A*) with high spatial resolution, and found the most convincing evidence to support the view that there is a supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way where the solar system is located. The research results were published in the internationally renowned academic journal Nature on June 5438+065438+1October 3, 2005, which immediately aroused great repercussions at home and abroad. Some international and domestic scientific and technological media reported this research work at the first time, and Nature magazine also published a special review in the same period.
6. For the first time, the distance of Perseus arm in the Milky Way was measured with high precision.
Dr. Xu Ye cooperated with experts from Astronomy Department of Nanjing University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in the United States and Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Germany. Using the world's advanced very long baseline interferometer, the distance between the sun and the earth is taken as the baseline, and the distance of the Perseus arm of the Milky Way is measured with high accuracy for the first time, with a relative accuracy of 2%, which is the highest value of such distance measurement in astronomy. This paper was officially published in the journal Science +65438 published on June 6, 2006, and the magazine also adopted the research results as the cover.
7. Presided over the research project "Large-scale Structure of the Universe and Formation and Evolution of Galaxies" of the "973 Plan".
On the basis of interdisciplinary research, this project focuses on the large-scale structure of the universe and studies two closely related key scientific issues: the formation and evolution of the large-scale structure of the universe and the structure and evolution of the Milky Way. The research team brought together elites in this field in China, and consisted of 64 researchers from Shanghai Observatory, National Observatory, Purple Mountain Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of High Energy Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China University of Science and Technology, Peking University, Nanjing University and Beijing Normal University.
The first author published Daniel Kucharski 20 14 InSAR ATM evaluation of the annual attitude and rotation period of space debris envisat measured by satellite laser ranging. Atmospheric correction using MODIS near infrared and infrared water vapor products. MHD model of a giant magnetar flame and its application in ultra-high energy synchrotron radiation astrophysics: the nuclear feedback of active galaxies in isolated elliptical galaxies: the influence of strong radiation feedback in dynamic models; the accuracy evaluation of ground-based GPS/PWV over China by using era mid-term reanalysis data; Zhao, Jingyang 20 14 are absolutely self-homogeneous, The vertical resonance heating model of Zhao Xiang 20 14A X-shaped or peanut-shaped galaxy: the story of three galaxies: IRAS F 10398+ 1455, IRAS F2 10 13-0739 and j 0808+3948. The abnormal dust properties of a single radio emission nucleus in Yanxia20 14A double AGN candidate 55 15Gabanyi can be found in the resource patent project patent name first inventor's authorization date: sapphire resonant cavity active atomic clock and its manufacturing method. Active hydrogen maser vacuum device in face-to-face lecture GHz ultra-wideband digital down-conversion method of dual-frequency high-efficiency RF power amplifier Xiang Ying's hydrogen maser microwave cavity Xie Yonghui's control method and control circuit of standby microwave cavity hydrogen clock Lin Chuanfu space radio telescope receiving antenna Chen 2008-3- 19 inflatable space radio telescope receiving antenna Chen 2008-3- 1 9 2008-3- 19 periodic frequency stability and accuracy tester Lin Chuanfu 20065438+ tester Shen 200 1-3-29 isolation amplifier Shen 2000-2000 gauge 1 997-1/KLOC-. 995-9-4 Electronic Governor of Ceiling Fan with Timekeeping Function Han Changgen 1992- 10-7 Literature Progress (quarterly) It covers all fields of astronomy and reflects the latest progress of astronomy. It mainly publishes a summary of scientific research progress in various branches of astronomy at home and abroad, and also publishes a small number of research briefs, special lectures and academic activity reports as appropriate. Suitable for researchers, graduate students and college students in related disciplines. Since 1992, Progress in Astronomy has been identified as the core journal of astronomy in China, and has been included in four major abstract publications and databases at home and abroad. Yearbook of Shanghai Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences, formerly known as the Astronomical Yearbook of Sheshan Observatory, was founded in 1905. After liberation, it was taken over by China Academy of Sciences and continued to be published until the publication of Volume 26 in 1966, which was suspended due to the Cultural Revolution. It was reissued on 1979, renamed as the Annual Journal of Shanghai Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Annual Journal), and the issue of 1 was published on 1980.
Yearbook is a comprehensive academic journal of astronomy sponsored by China Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Observatory, which mainly reflects the latest scientific research trends of our station. Publicly distributed at home and abroad through Xinhua Bookstore. This journal is the statistical source journal of scientific papers in China (the core journal of science and technology in China), the comprehensive evaluation database of Chinese academic journals and the Chinese scientific citation database, and has been included in the digital journal group of Wanfang Data Resources System, the academic journal of China, Tsinghua (CD-ROM version), CNKI China Knowledge Network and VIP VIP VIP Chinese scientific journal database.
The yearbook mainly publishes research papers, work reports, measured data, instrument development reports, research communications and other articles of our station's scientific researchers and engineers, covering astronomical geodynamics, astrometry, celestial mechanics, astrophysics, radio astronomy, observation techniques and methods, time and frequency, astronomical literature and history research and computer software and hardware research. This journal also accepts scientific research papers from other stations and foreign scholars as appropriate.