Ways to avoid the risk of e-commerce entrepreneurship
1, transaction amount
The limit of single import retail transaction in cross-border electronic commerce is 2000 yuan, and the limit of single annual transaction amount is 20000 yuan.
Impact analysis: Compared with the original applicable postal tax limit, the single transaction amount is increased from 1 000 yuan to 2,000 yuan, and the single transaction amount is doubled, but the capping mode is implemented, and the annual transaction amount limit is 200 million yuan. From the point of view of ordinary consumers, such a quota is enough, and the veteran of the pickpocket party has already met the consumption quota with his family's ID card. It depends on the detailed rules issued later.
The review authority of individual annual transaction amount should not be delegated to the e-commerce platform, but the customs should conduct data statistics, which involves the way of cumulative statistics. At present, cross-border e-commerce or customs clearance companies declare in the form of three orders (orders, waybills and lists). If the limit of individual annual transaction amount is increased, the customs clearance system will be adjusted, which may be managed based on the list (with ID card information), not through accounts or other means, but through the consumption limit of ID cards and associated accounts.
From the analysis of e-commerce platform, the amount of a single transaction has increased from 1 1,000 yuan to 2,000 yuan, which is the same as the free postal tax. Tax evasion by splitting bills has little impact. If it is the same package of goods, combined, as long as the total amount does not exceed 2000 yuan, you can place an order with one vote; For low-priced and high-frequency goods, it is a blessing, which saves the tedious separation of duty-free personal items below 50 yuan, which saves time and resources and reduces unnecessary packaging waste. Very green and environmentally friendly. Although some taxes have been collected, they can be made up in other ways.
Whether it is an individual consumer or an e-commerce platform, the problem is how to deal with a single item exceeding 2,000 yuan and exceeding the annual limit of 20,000 yuan.
According to the regulations, if a single commodity exceeds 2,000 yuan, it will be automatically converted into general trade clearance; So how to supervise whether a buyer's total annual purchase exceeds 20 thousand yuan, so as to reduce unnecessary trouble for e-commerce platform and customs?
This requires Mishima Yamaguchi to intercept:
The first level is that individuals should pay attention to the accumulated consumption amount for a whole year. If it has been reached, stop Haitao or change someone else's ID card to shop.
The second level is that the e-commerce platform should also automatically monitor the consumer's consumption quota records through technical means and remind individual consumers;
Mishimaguan is a customs office. Because individuals cannot be the subject of customs declaration in general trade, they need the cooperation of cross-border e-commerce or customs clearance companies and customs.
But in any case, the annual trading limit has brought a lot of trouble to high-quality consumers with high customer unit price. In order to maintain such high-quality customers, I think many e-commerce platforms must have thought a lot of countermeasures.
According to gossip, the adjustment of the new cross-border e-commerce tax policy is mainly aimed at the bonded import mode, that is, the mode in which merchants purchase goods from overseas, store them in the bonded area, and then ship them directly from the bonded area according to domestic orders. For overseas direct mail mode, it will still operate according to the original postal tax mode. This news is mainly based on the great convenience of bonded import mode in logistics, and it is the main force of cross-border e-commerce import, while the direct mail mode accounts for a small amount of transactions, which is difficult to distinguish between true and false. It will be clear after the subsequent introduction of the rules.
2. Tax rate
For cross-border electronic commerce retail imported goods imported within the quota, the provisional tax rate is 0%, and the VAT consumption tax on import links is exempted, which is temporarily levied at 70% of the statutory tax payable. The part exceeding the limit is taxed according to the general trade method. If the value of a single undivided commodity exceeds the limit of 2000 yuan, it shall be taxed in full according to the general trade imported goods. 50 yuan's tax exemption has been cancelled, and it is levied at 70% of the value-added tax and consumption tax. In fact, the tax rate of retail imports within the limits of cross-border e-commerce is 1 1.9%.
Impact analysis: Under the new tax rate game, both individual consumers and e-commerce platforms should carefully calculate the cost and selling price. After the large-scale rise of cross-border e-commerce in 20 14, cross-border e-commerce has made great profits by using gray areas under the condition of unclear national customs tax rate policy. Compared with the general foreign trade and cross-border e-commerce, the country has always been in accordance with the postal tax, and the tax exemption policy below 50 yuan allows many e-commerce platforms to take advantage of it. With the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce imports, the lower postal tax rate will not only cause unfairness between pilot cities and non-pilot cities, but also cause unfairness between cross-border e-commerce and general trade. It has always been said that the postal tax model leads to the loss of national tax revenue, which makes the reform of cross-border e-commerce tax system imperative.
At present, the 13 pilot city has implemented the postal tax policy for cross-border e-commerce imports. According to the types of goods, postal tax has four tax rates, namely 10%, 20%, 30% and 50%. Generally speaking, because the postal tax packages the value-added tax and customs duties in the import link, the overall tax rate is lower than that in general trade. More crucially, there is another preferential tax exemption: goods with tax payment below 50 yuan can also be exempted from postal tax. This cross-border import tax reform, whether in bonded mode or direct mail mode, cancels the 50 yuan exemption, that is, it is levied at 30% value-added tax and consumption tax, and most goods are levied at 1 1.9% (30% value-added tax is 17%) (only some products pay consumption tax, such as luxury goods, 2000 yuan).
According to the Duty-paid Price List of Imported Goods in People's Republic of China (PRC), under the New Deal, the cost of categories with higher original postal tax rate actually decreased. We can take high-end personal care cosmetics as an example to compare the differences in tax rates: the postal tax rate of high-end personal care cosmetics is 50%; The new tax rate is 32.9% (17%+30% consumption tax), with a 30% discount. General trade tariff is 2%- 10%, value-added tax 17%, consumption tax is 30%, and 50%-60%. Therefore, under the new tax rate of cross-border e-commerce, the advantages of high-end cosmetics and high-end watches and other similar products taking the cross-border e-commerce model are more prominent.
At present, there are three different customs declaration methods in China: personal belongings, cross-border e-commerce and general trade. Different customs declaration methods have great differences in tax rates, procedures and fees, so it is impossible to generalize which customs clearance method is the best. Therefore, cross-border e-commerce should comprehensively consider goods, timeliness and cost according to its own platform, or choose a single customs declaration method, or both. For the e-commerce platform that emphasizes standardization, it will be a huge challenge only in the customs declaration, not to mention the changes in logistics and payment methods.
3. Make it clear that consumers are taxpayers.
Taking the actual transaction price (retail price of parcel goods, freight and insurance premium) as the duty-paid price, e-commerce enterprises, e-commerce trading platform enterprises or logistics enterprises can act as withholding agents.
Impact analysis: under the new tax system, it is stipulated that the actual transaction price includes freight and sales price, and this price is regarded as duty-paid price. However, under the new tax system, it is not feasible to declare the previous freight and sales price separately. In foreign trade terms, the former FOB tax payment is changed to CIF tax payment, and the freight and insurance premium are included in the tax payment. The e-commerce platform will pass this cost on to the logistics service providers, and this tax payment cost will eventually be passed on to consumers in the future.
4. Applicable commodity categories
The business requirements for the application of this policy are the platform and the goods that are related to the three customs orders, and the goods that are not related to the customs, but the express delivery enterprises and postal enterprises can provide and promise to bear the relevant legal responsibilities. Other types shall be implemented in accordance with current policies. The new retail import list of cross-border electronic commerce will be published by the Ministry of Finance.
Impact analysis: this tax reform will be implemented in the national customs port unified standards. After the introduction of the new management measures for cross-border electronic commerce, all ports will uniformly implement the list of cross-border electronic commerce's retail imports, and clearly announce the categories of commodities that can be declared under the cross-border electronic commerce model. In this way, we can clearly and regularly know which goods can be purchased online, and avoid the chaotic situation that the same goods can not enter the country at some ports but can enter the country at another port.
In addition, this tax reform once again clarified that major e-commerce companies need to connect with the customs platform and provide three single information.
The new tax system has been implemented since April 8, 20 16, leaving insufficient time for the cross-border e-commerce industry, so the upstream and downstream enterprises in the cross-border e-commerce industry should make corresponding preparations during this time.
Operation mode of e-commerce entrepreneurship
The first type: comprehensive shopping mall
Mall, called the city, there will be many shops in the natural city. Yes, comprehensive shopping malls are like large shopping malls in real life, such as Tianhe City and Jiazheng. The first floor of the mall may be a first-class brand, then the second floor is women's wear, the third floor is men's wear, the fourth floor is sports/decoration, the fifth floor is mobile phone digital, and the sixth floor is a store specializing in N brands. This is the shopping center. Taobao Mall in the back is also in this form. It has a huge shopping group, a stable website platform, a complete payment system and a credit security system (although there are still many shortcomings at present), which promotes sellers to sell things and buyers to buy things. Like traditional shopping malls, Taobao itself does not sell things, but provides a complete sales package. The advantages of online mall, such as sufficient popularity, rich products, convenient logistics, cost, 24-hour city that never sleeps, no geographical restrictions, and more abundant products, reflect that online comprehensive mall is about to gain a place in the trading market.
The second type: specific integration type
The third type: department stores
A shop, called a shop, is only one seller; Department store is a rich product line to meet daily consumption needs. This kind of store is its own warehouse, which can carry out logistics and customer service faster. Such as offline Wal-Mart, Watsons, Parknshop, etc.
The fourth type: vertical stores.
Vertical stores, serving certain specific people or certain specific needs, provide comprehensive and more professional services related to the needs in this field.
The fifth type: compound brand stores.
Giordano is a traditional clothing brand, which has N direct stores and franchisees. Jia Zheng Mall opened, Giordano entered, online Taobao Mall opened, and online Giordano also entered. And even if all the shopping malls are dumped, Giordano has his own independent image shop, which is a traditional brand. When Giordano found that online consumers were different from offline consumers, he boldly used price discrimination. Its perfect warehousing and distribution management reduced the store display cost of goods through online sales, shared the inventory cost, and optimized the operation of cash flow and commodity circulation.
Similar to this kind of store, with the maturity of e-commerce, more and more traditional brands will join the battlefield of e-commerce, with the goal of seizing new markets, expanding new channels and optimizing products and channel resources. A wave of marching momentum is just around the corner.
Including Gome, are all compound online stores, but the integration is not enough, and the whole logistics, cash and talent operation system is not mature.
Sixth: light brand shop
The cases of PPG and Vanke Eslite have spread all over the streets. Although there are many controversies, new things always arise from them. There are two reasons to join Moe Sally here. First of all, yes, PPG was defeated by many media. Although it has closed down, its business model is still worth mentioning. VANCL, a rising star, successfully transformed into a comprehensive shopping mall. For Moe Sally, it is first launched from DM+ network+call center, and then from offline image brand stores. It is said that the monthly sales volume has reached 7 million. It is also a representative worthy of attention.
Seventh type: connecting channel type
M2E is the abbreviation of English Manufacturers for e-commerce, and it is a new industry to control e-commerce. It is an operation mode that saves manufacturers' sales costs and helps small and medium-sized enterprises integrate supply chain resources. In 2007, a well-known economist proposed at the American e-commerce summit that Guangzhou Diandong Information Technology Co., Ltd. was a domestic representative enterprise.
Eighth: service-oriented online shop
Yimei is an online printing company. For example, Xiao Wang got married, went to Europe for their honeymoon with his wife and took many photos. However, before going home, relatives and friends all got photos of Xiao Wang's washing through Yimei Online. Some photos are embedded in bone China cups, and some are bound into beautiful photo frames according to their own wishes and placed in front of their parents' homes.
I still have to buy it, all over the world. ? It can also help you buy the products you want all over the world and make a profit by charging an appropriate service fee.
There are more and more service-oriented online stores, all to meet people's different personality needs, and even to help you queue up to buy movie tickets, all of which are traded. I am looking forward to seeing more service-oriented online stores.
The ninth type: shopping guide engine type
Pen pals can share comments on Biyou's product experience here, and pen pals are also keen to tell more about Biyou's own product experience.
As the upstream business of B2C, we bring customers to businesses. The service industry must stand from the perspective of consumers. This is the king. Airbnb strives to become an effective traffic procurement platform for e-commerce and reduce the marketing cost of high-quality B2C businesses.
The tenth type: online shopping navigation type
Eleventh: SNS-EC (social e-commerce)
Social commerce is a new derivative model of e-commerce. With the help of social media and online media, the purchase and sale of goods are assisted through social interaction and user-generated content. In the era of Web2.0, more and more content and behaviors are generated and dominated by end users, such as blogs and Weibo. Generally can be divided into two categories. One is mainly about commodity information, such as Kaboodle and Thisnext. The newer websites in China, such as Beauty Talk, Hot Mom Talk and Grape Net, are all early models. Mainly through sharing personal shopping experience on social platforms, users can recommend products in social circles. The other is a relatively new model, through social platforms, such as social group buying websites, directly involved in the sales process of goods. Groupon。 . There are also social online stores: French platform Zlio and China's Lajoy LaJoy. This is to let end users also participate in the process of commodity sales and sell commodities through social media.
Twelfth: ABC mode of e-commerce
ABC mode is a new mode of e-commerce, which is regarded as the fifth mode in e-commerce after Alibaba b2b mode, Harbin b2c mode, Taobao c2c mode and Mai 126 secure online shopping navigation n2c mode. It is an e-commerce platform integrating production, operation and consumption, which is jointly built by agents, merchants and consumers. The three can be transformed. We serve and support each other. You have me and I have you, which truly forms the unity of interests.
Thirteenth: Group buying mode
Group buying is group online shopping, which means that consumers who know or don't know unite to increase the bargaining chips with merchants and get the most favorable price. According to the principle of small profits but quick turnover, merchants can give group discounts below the retail price and quality services that individuals can't get. As a new mode of e-commerce, group buying improves the bargaining power of users and businesses through consumer self-organization, professional group buying network and group buying organized by businesses, and gains commodity profits to a great extent, which has attracted the attention of consumers, industry manufacturers and even the capital market. The price of goods bought by group is more favorable. Although group buying is not the mainstream consumption mode, its explosive power has gradually emerged. Now the main way of group buying is online group buying.
Fourteenth: online ordering, offline consumption mode
Online ordering and offline consumption are the main modes of O2O, which refers to the shopping mode that consumers order goods online and then go to offline stores for consumption. This business model can attract more consumers who are keen on shopping in physical stores, and the disadvantages of traditional online shopping, such as shoddy and inconsistent pictures, will disappear completely here. The traditional core of O2O is online payment, while Aibangke and Xiangyu Mall have improved O2O, turning online payment into offline experience and then paying, eliminating consumers' distrust of many aspects of online shopping. Consumers can choose the most suitable goods from the goods provided by many online merchants, and experience the shopping process personally, which is not only assured and guaranteed, but also a happy enjoyment process.
Why is it getting harder and harder for e-commerce to start a business?
First of all, under the background of the increasingly mature industry, the competition is becoming more and more fierce. This competition comes from two aspects. The first is to subdivide the internal competition in the industry. For example, there are several websites in the field of maternal and child e-commerce, and the competition is extremely fierce; The second is the external competition from Ali and JD.COM. When an entrepreneurial e-commerce platform is getting bigger and bigger, it is difficult to avoid confrontation with giants.
Secondly, the interest of venture capital in e-commerce is weakening. There are three reasons, one is the competitive factor mentioned above; Second, the e-commerce model burns money too fast and too fiercely. In order to establish popularity and cultivate user habits, they need to spend a lot of money to promote it; Third, there are more and more brushing behaviors on the e-commerce platform, which makes venture capitalists feel cheated and seriously affects the integrity of e-commerce entrepreneurship.
Third, e-commerce entrepreneurship? Heavy assets? Our dependence is getting stronger and stronger. In the past, many people thought that building an e-commerce shopping platform was enough. However, judging from the development of JD.COM and Ali, e-commerce has had a great impact on warehousing and logistics. Heavy assets? Our dependence is getting stronger and stronger. If an e-commerce enterprise can't own these heavy assets, it is not a real e-commerce enterprise, and it is very likely to lose in the future competition.
Fourth, the e-commerce startup cycle is too long, which belongs to the slow-heating industry, and many people can't stick to it. As mentioned above, the technical content of e-commerce entrepreneurship is relatively low, which is also the reason why the e-commerce entrepreneurship cycle is too long. Other entrepreneurial models, such as those closer to the product level, will not have a long cycle. Take mobile games as an example. Generally speaking, if your mobile game products are really excellent, they will soon become popular and bring cash flow soon. This immediate feature is unmatched by e-commerce.
Problems needing attention in e-commerce entrepreneurship
First, determine the source of goods. Choosing the form of consignment can effectively avoid the risk of overstocking of goods, produce the counter-effect of serious homogenization and trigger a price war. People who choose to stock their own goods, or even those who are more capable of producing their own goods and reducing costs, have obvious advantages, but the sales pressure will be great.
Secondly, under the premise of improving the shock resistance of packaging, it is best to sell goods that are not easy to be damaged in the express delivery process, otherwise the after-sales problem will make you very headache.
Thirdly, we should actively learn the knowledge we need to master in the actual operation of the store, such as store decoration, baby detail page making, title optimization and so on. In particular, some contents that are directly related to the drainage and weight of shops must be mastered and used skillfully.
Finally, customer service is also a very important aspect, and it is best to be online 24 hours a day. When you are not at work, you should also hang it on your mobile phone. Don't go offline, be invisible. Buyers must reply in time when consulting. You can set some quick phrases in advance to prevent buyers from running away because of long waiting time.