Modern universities in China originated in the west, which gradually evolved from European medieval universities, British universities and German universities to American universities.
Modern universities directly originated from European medieval universities in 12 and 13 centuries. Ancient Egypt, India and China are all the cradles of higher education, and ancient Greece, Rome, Byzantium and Arab countries have established relatively perfect and developed higher education systems. Although many educational historians call these local institutions of higher learning universities, strictly speaking, they are not real universities.
1088, Italy established the first regular university-Bologna University, which is the most famous research center of Roman law in Europe (also known as "parent university", student university).
Subsequently, universities appeared all over Europe. The University of Paris evolved from the school affiliated to Notre Dame de Paris. 1200, the king of France recognized that scholars of Paris University have legal clergy qualifications and judicial immunity (Paris University is the second university and a gentleman's university).
Extended data:
Key points of university charter
1, legal income
The articles of association of colleges and universities have the legal nature, and they are normative documents made by democratic means under the premise of legal provisions. It is a law in the field of public law, and a normative document with public functions, which is formulated to regulate universities to perform their educational functions according to law. The "soft law" in public law is embodied in the negotiation between the government and the school.
2. Articles of Association objectives
To establish a modern university system as the goal; To improve the efficiency of running a school as the goal; Take the legalization of school-running autonomy as the core goal.
3. Functions of the Articles of Association
Through a series of detailed explanations and clear regulations, all actions in the university are credible and consistent; This is a negotiation opportunity that binds the participants.
It is the template of university organization action, the symbol of university organization and its members and processes, and the crystallization of the university's own specific university spirit, tradition, temperament and goals.
It is the bearer of history and the treasure house of organizational knowledge. The university charter preserves the university's experience in dealing with problems and evolves through a series of experiences.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-university