Groundwater is the main water supply source in North China Plain. Since the middle and late 1960s, the exploitation and utilization of groundwater have gradually increased. According to statistics, the amount of groundwater exploitation in 2003 was 20.609 billion m3, accounting for 69.4% of the total water consumption. In recent 50 years, groundwater has played an important supporting role in the development of industry and agriculture in North China Plain.
"Investigation and evaluation of sustainable utilization of groundwater in North China Plain" is a large-scale land and resources investigation project issued by China Geological Survey. From 200/KLOC-0 to 2005, it lasted for five years, and was presided over by Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, with the participation of Hebei Geological Survey Institute, Beijing Geological Survey Institute, Tianjin Geological Survey Institute, Henan Geological Survey Institute, Shandong Geological Survey Institute, China Geo University (Beijing), China Geo University (Wuhan), Shijiazhuang Institute of Economics and Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources. In view of the major scientific problems existing in the development and utilization of groundwater in North China Plain, a large number of field investigations, drilling, isotope and hydrochemical samples were supplemented on the basis of fully analyzing the present situation of groundwater research in North China Plain and the research trend of groundwater at home and abroad. The main results are as follows:
(1) The quaternary geological structure and hydrogeological structure model of North China Plain are systematically constructed. According to the Quaternary lower limit of 2.58 Ma, the stratigraphic sequence of loose strata was determined uniformly, and the lithofacies palaeogeography was restored. The interface and attribute division between water-bearing rock group and groundwater system are creatively solved, and the hydrogeological parameters of each system are accurately described, which greatly improves the evaluation level of groundwater resources in North China Plain.
(2) Twenty-three groundwater isotope plans and profiles were compiled, which accurately described the groundwater circulation pattern. The characteristics, mechanism and renewal ability of groundwater resources composition in North China Plain under the condition of large-scale mining are comprehensively expounded for the first time, which significantly promotes the development of regional hydrogeology and other related theories.
(3) Based on the block structure, layered structure and groundwater circulation theory of geostatistics, a large-scale groundwater numerical simulation model of 6,543,800 km2 in North China Plain was established, and the numerical management and evaluation of large-scale groundwater were initially carried out. Combined with the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the temporal and spatial distribution of rain and flood, this paper predicts the changing trend of groundwater, answers the major hot issues facing the region, and provides important scientific basis for the development decision of the country and the division.
(4) The "Compound Large Funnel of Deep Groundwater in North China Plain" is delineated, the evolution of the Funnel and its geological environment mechanism are revealed, and the environmental geological threshold of sustainable utilization is put forward, which provides indispensable key scientific and technological support for alleviating the slowly changing geological disasters in North China Plain.
(5) 23 emergency water sources have been proved, with an available water supply of 2.445 million m3/d; Seven optimal groundwater storage areas have been delineated with a storage capacity of 4.858 billion cubic meters.
(6) Revealed the present situation of groundwater resources function, ecological function and geological environment function in North China Plain, and put forward the areas that can be scaled, appropriately distributed, protected by ecological function and geological environment function.
Based on the results of the project, the Investigation and Evaluation of the Sustainable Utilization of Groundwater in North China Plain and the Atlas of the Sustainable Utilization of Groundwater in North China Plain were published, 77 academic papers were published in domestic and foreign academic journals, and 27 academic conferences were held at home and abroad, which were included by the three major search institutions 13 times.
The achievements of the project were rated as "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences" in 2005, won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Land and Resources in 2009, won the Pei Xiu Gold Award of Excellent Map Works of China Surveying and Mapping Society on 20 10, and won the second prize of scientific and technological progress of Hebei Province on 20 10.
Second, the scope of application and application examples
The results of the project can provide a basic basis for the utilization of water resources, environmental protection and prevention of geological disasters in the country and related provinces (cities), and delineate the emergency water supply source of groundwater and the optimal storage area of groundwater, which can be used as a decision-making reference for the development and utilization of water resources.
The results of the project have been applied in the development planning, geological environment protection and disaster prevention planning of Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong and Henan provinces in the country and the region, providing important support for the Chinese Academy of Sciences, land and resources and other departments to undertake major national basic research projects. During the spring drought in 2009, the results of this project provided basic support for the formulation of drought emergency action plan. The achievements of the project have enriched and developed the theory of groundwater discipline, and have been identified as teaching reference materials by China Geo University and related institutions.
Third, promote the transformation mode.
Academic exchange, project cooperation, consulting services, etc.
Technical support unit: Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.
Contacts: Shen, Zhang, Fei Yuhong
Mailing address: No.268, Zhonghua North Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province
Postal code: 05006 1
Tel: 03 1 1-67598657
E-mail: Shen Jianmei 1965@sina.com