1, Title Features Generally, the title of the eulogy is directly borne by the name of the language; The other is the name and language name of the deceased. The speech form adopted in this article uses a "speech" and a "grave" to point out that it is a eulogy. This writing is not as bleak and heavy as the general eulogy. Moreover, this writing method does not violate the writing requirements of eulogy, because eulogy is a kind of speech, which is a manuscript published by leaders or relatives and friends of the deceased at the memorial service to express their condolences to the deceased.
2. Formal features This eulogy comprehensively uses narrative, discussion, description, lyricism and other expressions. The first part describes in detail that the time of Marx's death was 14 at 2: 30 pm on March, and then describes in detail the calm and serene manner of Marx's death: "He fell asleep quietly-but he has fallen asleep forever." The second layer expounds that the death of Marx is a great loss to the proletarian revolutionary cause in the world. Through narrative description, it left a vivid and touching impression on readers-Marx fought for the proletarian revolutionary cause until the last moment of his life, and people died in an easy chair. These narratives and descriptions serve the following discussion. The second discussion was based on the first narrative and description. The comprehensive application of this part of narration, description and discussion made the author express his extremely sad feelings about Marx's death at the beginning of the speech, which made the audience strongly infected and shocked. Marx's revolutionary practice activities are mostly described in narrative form; The elaboration and evaluation of Marx's various contributions and discoveries adopt the form of discussion; In narration and discussion, use words or rhetoric with strong emotional color to express sincere feelings of reverence, love and mourning for Marx. Narration can clearly remember facts, discussion can clarify opinions, and lyricism can reveal feelings. The organic combination of the three can not only make the viewpoints and materials of the speech highly unified, but also produce strong appeal and persuasion.
3. Language features Accurate and vivid language is another feature of this eulogy. The third paragraph expounds the language that Marx discovered the development law of human history: "Marx discovered the development law of human history, that is, the simple fact that has been concealed by complex ideology." The original meaning of "miscellaneous" is overgrown with weeds and chaotic images. The various idealistic interpretations of human history here are full of fallacies, ambiguities and confusion. "Numerous and complicated" is extremely appropriate and accurate, which makes abstract concepts concrete and easy to understand. Accurate and vivid wording in other paragraphs can also be seen everywhere.
4, strong ideological, profound thoughts and feelings, implicit is the remarkable feature of this eulogy. This is particularly prominent in 1: this passage expresses Engels' deep condolences to the deceased; However, the narrative tone is so calm. It is conceivable how much the death of Marx hit Engels. But he can't completely bring his abnormal grief into the eulogy, because Marxists mourn the leader not only to express their personal grief, but also to accurately comment on his thoughts and career, so as to educate and inspire the fighting proletariat and revolutionary masses. This determines that the way the author expresses his thoughts and feelings must be quite implicit. Engels did not express his feelings from the special relationship between individuals. He spoke on behalf of the whole proletariat. Therefore, the ideological content expressed at the beginning of the eulogy is much richer, and the mourning and evaluation of Marx are integrated, which is more weighty and more exciting. On the other hand, the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author here are not only painful, but also more profound. After Marx's death, he was almost in a critical state for some time, and he had lost his ability to work, so the author visited him every day with "extreme fear". After all, Marx's death was peaceful and painless. As the author wrote in the letter to Fua Zorg on March 15, the day after Marx's death: "Medical technology may still ensure that he can drag on for a few years and live helplessly instead of dying soon ... but this is something that Marx can never stand. There are a lot of unfinished work in front of him, suffering from the pain that Tang Daru wanted to finish them but could not. Living like this is a thousand times more painful for him than dying safely. ..... can't watch this great genius barely live like a cripple, adding luster to medicine, and being laughed at by mediocre people who often beat him up when he was strong ... "This passage vividly embodies Engels' revolutionary thorough materialistic view of life and death and his profound understanding and knowledge of his close comrade Marx. Therefore, although Marx's death is a terrible misfortune for the living, for the sake of the deceased, the author thinks that it is much better for Marx to die peacefully than to live helplessly.
5. Structural features The article briefly describes the scene of Marx's death at the beginning, and then points out that Marx's death has caused great losses to the proletariat all over the world. With two "opposites", it is explained that Marx's death is an "immeasurable loss" from two aspects of revolutionary struggle practice and revolutionary theory. The main part of the article specifically discusses Marx's great contribution to the development of human history and the revolutionary spirit of fighting for the cause of proletarian liberation all his life. This part mainly summarizes Marx's great contribution from two aspects. First of all, Engels pointed out that Marx discovered the law of human historical development and surplus value. The law of the development of human history is that the production of material materials is the basis of all ideological development, and the economic base determines the superstructure. This is a great discovery of Marx in historical materialism. The author compares it with Darwin's theory of the origin of species, that is, the development law of the organic world, thus vividly explaining the epoch-making significance of this discovery. The law of surplus value is an important discovery of Marx in political economy, which reveals the special movement law of modern capitalist production mode and bourgeois society. All this profoundly shows that Marx was a great thinker. Secondly, the author thinks that Marx is still a great revolutionary. He summarized Marx's revolutionary practice activities such as running newspapers and organizing International Working Men’s Association, and warmly praised Marx's great achievements and tenacious struggle spirit in revolutionary practice. The diametrically opposite attitudes of different classes towards Marx just prove that Marx is the great leader of the proletariat. Proletarians and laborers all over the world expressed their deep condolences and respect for his death. The last sentence summarizes the full text, and Marx's career and fame will be immortal.